河南卫辉一中高三二轮备考抓分点透析之英语状语从句.docx

1、河南卫辉一中高三二轮备考抓分点透析之英语状语从句河南卫辉一中2019高三二轮备考抓分点透析之英语-状语从句状语从句【2018年高考预测】状语从句和名词性从句、定语从句一样是高考的高频考点。通过对近年高考题的分析，能够预测2018年对状语从句的考查仍将集中在对引导几大状语从句的连词的考查上。【重难点突破】【概述】状语从句是一种作状语用的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或修饰全句，补充说明时间、地点、缘故、条件、方式、程度、状态等。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特别的连接词即考点。一、 九种状语从句及常见的引导词1、时间状语从句：when,while,as,before,

2、after,since自从以来,till(until),assoonas(刚一马上就),once(一旦),whenever等。特别引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosoonerthan,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen2017四川卷6、Asitreported,itis100years_TsinghuaUniversitywasfoundeD、【D】 A、whenB、beforeC、afterD、since2、地点状语从句：where和where

3、verWherethereisawill，thereisaway.Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.3、缘故状语从句：because,as,since,nowthat特别引导词：seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,consideringthat,2017辽宁29.TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair_hewantedtositnexttohisw

4、ife.【C】A、althoughB、unlessC、becauseD、if 4、目的状语从句：sothat以便,inorderthat以便等特别引导词：lest,incase,forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthat2017山东卷28、Hehadhiscameraready_hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicturE、【C】 A、evenifB、ifonlyC、incaseD、sothat5、结果状语从句：sothat,sothat,suchthat特别引导词：suchthat,tot

5、hedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.Itssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldntsleeplastnight.Heraisedhisvoicesothathewasheardbyhisfriend.6、条件状语从句：if,unless特别引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposethat,i

6、ncasethat,onconditionthat2017上海39.ourmanageobjectstoTomsjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.【B】A.UntilB.UnlessC.IfD.After7、方式状语从句：as,asif/thoughWheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus2017湖南卷33Jackwasntsayinganythingbutthetea

7、chersmiledathim_hehaddonesomethingveryclever、【A】 A、asifB、incaseC、whileD、though8、比较状语从句：asas,notso/asas,than等引导。在这种状语从句中假如谓语动词与主句一致时，或省略，或用替代词do,does,did特别引导词：themorethemore;justas，so;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;nomorethan;notAsomuchasBSheisasbad-temperedashermother.Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.Themoreyou

8、exercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。2017全国26.Ihaveseldomseenmymother_pleasedwithmyprogressassheisnow.【A】A.soB.veryC.tooD.rather9、让步状语从句：though,although,evenif,eventhough,whoever,whatever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however,nomatterwho/what/which/when/where/how,

9、whether特别引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，nomatter，inspiteofthefactthat,MuchasIrespecthim,Icantagreetohisproposal.尽管我特别尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.Hewontlistenwhateveryoumaysay.2017天津卷5、regularexerciseisve

10、ryimportant、ItsneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtimE、【C】 A、ItB、AsC、AlthoughD、Unless【二】状语从句中高考高频连词的用法归纳1、themoment/minute/second,immediately,directly，instantly，等副词式连词也可引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”，相当于assoonas,如今前面不可再加连词，也不可加at,in,on等介词。2、everytime,eachtime,bythetime,soonafter,shortlyafter等表示时间的短语也可作为连词使用，引导时间

11、状语从句，如今前面也常不再加连词。3、hardlywhen和nosoonerthan的意义相当于assoonas,也可引起时间状语从句，但只能用过去时，即从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句谓语动词用过去完成时。2017福建26Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether.【A】A.beforeB.untilC.asD.since4、until和notuntil:当主句中的动词是连续性动词时，常用：until,表示主句的动作连续到从句表示的动作发生或完成为止。Jimstayedu

12、puntilhismothercamebacklastnight.当主句中的动词是非连续性动词时，常用：notuntil,表示“直到才”Jimdidntgotobeduntilhismothercamebacklastnight5、before还常用于以下句型：Itwontbebefore用不了多长时间就会Itwillbebefore得过多长时间才Itwasntbefore没过多长时间就Itwasbefore过了多长时间才Itwontbelongbeforewemeetagain.6、sothat与suchthat之间的转换：so+adj./adv.+thatso+adj.+a/an+单数名词

13、+thatSo+manymuchfewlittle+n.+thatsuch+a/an+adj.+单数名词+thatsuch+adj.+复数名词或不可数名词+thatHeisspeakingsoloudthatIhearhimevenfromhere.Itwassuchfineweatherthattheywentoutforapicnic.7、nomatter+疑问词，如：nomatterwhat,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,用来引导让步状语从句。疑问词+ever(如：whatever,whenever,whoever,whichever,)既可引导状语从句，也可引导

14、名词性从句。2017重庆卷30、Toshowourrespect,weusuallyhavetotakeourglovesoffwearetoshakehandswith、【C】A、whicheverB、wheneverC、whoeverD、wherever状语从句Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.主语从句8、as引导让步状语从句，从句部分用倒装语序，句型为：形容词副词名词不带冠词动词原形+as+主语+其他Lateasthoughitwas,hestillstudiedon.=Althoughthoughitwaslate,hestillstudiedon

15、.【三】状语从句中的省略当when,while,until,though,although,if等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或从句的主、谓语分别为it和be动词时，从句中的主语及部分谓语be动词或助动词可省略。例如：When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.Hellgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：Imtallerthanhe(istall).Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegr

16、eaterthepressure(is).就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行“简化”。状语从句的“简化”现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。状语从句的“简化”现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句;由although,though,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句;由when,while,as,before,after,until/till等引导的时间状语从句;由as,asif等引导的方式状语从句;由as,than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。(1)当

17、状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.假如可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.除非情况对你来说不方便,否那么你必须出席这次会议。(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句能够将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词+形容词As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Whenever(sheis

18、)free,sheoftengoesshopping.她有空就去逛商店。Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryoullregret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。b.连词+名词While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Although(hewas)afarmer,nowheisafamousdirector.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位闻名的导演了。c.连词+现在分词As(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱

19、着流行歌曲。Although(heis)doinghisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。d.连词+过去分词Hewontgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀请,否那么他可不能和我们一道去那儿。Theconcertwasagreatsuccessthan(itwas)expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。e.连词+不定式Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.当时他站起来看起来要说什么。Hewouldnt

20、solvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了那个问题。f.连词+介词短语Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去特别焦急,看起来遇到了麻烦。HehadmasteredtheEnglishlanguagebefore(hewas)intheUSA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:Whenthemeetingwasover,allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting-room.当

21、会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=Themeetingover,)2017江苏卷33、ItsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecarsenginE、,wedbettertakeittothegarageimmediately、【D】 A、Otherwise B、Ifnot C、ButforthatD、Ifso使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题1、在时间和条件有时也在方式、让步等从句中，主句是一般今后时，从句通常用一般现在时表示今后。Wellgooutingifitdoesntraintomorrow.IllwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShangh

22、ai.2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，假如从句的主语与主句主语一致或虽不一致，是it，从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分。When(hewas)stillaboyoften,hehadtoworkdayandnight.If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.If(itis)necessaryIllexplaintoyouagain.3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要依照连词，还要依照句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.地点状语从句Tellmethead

23、dresswherehelives.定语从句，句中有先行词Idontknowwherehecamefrom.宾语从句Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.主语从句Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.表语从句【高考真题剖析】2017江西卷29、Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,or_itisconvenienttoyou、A、wheneverB、howeverC、whicheverD、wherever答案【A】考查状语从句。句中thisafternoon指时间,因此or_itisconve

24、nienttoyou、也指时间。应选择A。2017辽宁卷25、Nomatterhow,itisnotnecessarilylifeless、 A、adesertmaybedryB、dryadesertmaybe C、mayadesertbedryD、drymayadesertbe答案【D】考查状语从句。Nomatterhow修饰形容词，同时从句倒装，因此选择D。2017全国新课标卷22、Tryshemight,Suecouldntgetthedooropen、 A、ifB、whenC、sinceD、as答案【D】考查状语从句。As引导让步状语从句倒装，因此选择D。2017福建卷33、Itwas

25、April29,2017PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony、 A、thatB、whenC、sinceD、before答案【B】考查状语从句。主句ItwasApril29,2017后是时间状语从句。因此选择B。【真题练习】10福建26Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreetherA.beforeB.until C.asD.since答案：A10上海39.ourmanag

26、eobjectstoTomsjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.A.UntilB.UnlessC.IfD.After答案：B10安徽29.Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,_theyhavetheinterest.A.whereverB.whenever C.evenifD.asif答案：C.33.Justusethisroomforthetimebeing,andwellofferyoualargerone_itbecomesavailableA

27、.assoonasB.unless C.asfaras D.until答案：A.10江西22Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.Didit?Well,thatdoesntmatter_youenjoyedyourselves.AaslongasBunlessCassoonasDthough答案：A10全国25.Marymadecoffee_herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.A.sothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif答案：C30.Thelittleboywontgotosleep_hismothertellshimastory.A

28、.orB.unlessC.butD.whether答案：B10辽宁29.TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair_hewantedtositnexttohiswife.A、althoughB、unlessC、becauseD、if答案：C10辽宁34.Itsnousehavingideasonly.Dontworry.Petercanshowyou_toturnanideaintoanact.A.howB.whoC.whatD.where答案：A10北京30.theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearc

29、htheadmissionprocedures.A.AsB.WhileC.UntilD.Once答案：D2017天津卷5、regularexerciseisveryimportant、ItsneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtimE、【C】 A、ItB、AsC、AlthoughD、Unless2017江西卷29、Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,or_itisconvenienttoyou、【A】 A、wheneverB、howeverC、whicheverD、wherever2017

30、四川卷4、FrankinsistedthathewasnotasleepIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup、【B】 A、whetherB、althoughC、forD、so2017北京卷29、volleyballishermainfocus,shesalsogreatatbasketball、【D】 A、SinceB、OnceC、UnlessD、While2017四川卷6、Asitreported,itis100years_TsinghuaUniversitywasfoundeD、【D】 A、whenB、beforeC、afterD、since2017全国II19、Itwasanicemeal,_alittleexpensivE、【A】 A、thoughB、whetherC、asD、since2017陕西卷19、_allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost、【B】 A、SinceB、WhileC、IfD、As2017辽宁卷25、Nomatterhow,itisnotnecessarilylifeless、【D】A、adesertmaybedry B、dryadesert