英文文献装载机.docx

1、英文文献装载机英文文献-装载机Loader The loader is a widely used in highway, railway, construction, electricity, ports, mines and other construction projects of earth and stone construction machinery, which is mainly used for loading soil, gravel, lime, coal and other bulk materials, is also available on the rock,

2、 hard soil for mild digging operation. Dress up different auxiliary assembly can also be bulldozing, lifting and other materials such as timber loading and unloading operations. On the road, especially in high grade highway construction, the loader for subgrade engineering excavation, asphalt mixtur

3、e and cement concrete material field of aggregate and loading operations. In addition can also be pushed and transported soil, scrape the ground and traction machinery and other operations. Because the loader is operating speed, high efficiency, good mobility, convenient operation and other advantag

4、es, so it becomes the construction of earth and stone construction of one of the main machine. China loader industry development Chinese modern wheel loader began in the nineteen sixties middle typeZ435. The machine as a whole frame, rear axle steering. After several years of efforts, in the absorpt

5、ion of the world s most advanced technology on the basis of wheeled loader, the successful development of the power of 162KW shovel type wheel loader, stereotyped as Z450(later ZL50), and in December 18, 1971 officially identified by experts. So the birth of Chinas first articulated wheel loader, th

6、us inaugurating China loader industry formation and development. Z450 type loading machine with hydraulic mechanical transmission, power shift, double drive, hydraulic control, articulated steering, braking and other modern afterburner gas pushes the wheel loader s basic structure, then the worlds a

7、dvanced level. Also basically represents the first generation of Chinese basic structure for wheel loader. The machine is in overall performance has good dynamic performance, insertion force a large breakout force, flexible, convenient operation, high operation efficiency and a series of advantages.

8、 1978, day according to the machinery of the request, to formulate a willow labour Z450as a basic type of wheel loader series of standard chinese. When formulate standard, the Z represents loader, replace L with4 represents the wheel, Z450for ZL50, then worked out in Liu of type ZL50as a basic type

9、of Chinese ZL wheel loader series standard, this is the Chinese loader history significant turning point. The standard developed by the industry division of labor, industrial engineering, Liu manufacturing ZL40above is large and medium-sized wheeled loaders, as workers, appropriate industry manufact

10、uring ZL30below the small wheel loader, and gradually formed a willow industry, building, as workers and to workers at the time of the loader four backbone enterprises. To 70 time end, at the beginning of 80 time China loader manufacturing enterprises has increased to more than 20, preliminary forme

11、d China loader industry. So far, China wheeled loader has been developed to the third generation, but the basic structure remains by Z450( ZL50) evolved. The second generation is not varied greatly, the third generation changes slightly larger number. In 2001 China loader industry total sales have e

12、xceeded30000, house world the loader to the forefront of the market. Therefore, at present, China has become the worlds loader power production. In 2006China loader industry entire industry total sales of 129793units, more than112527 units in 2005, up 15.3%, a net increase of17266, net increment ove

13、r China loader industry eight five any previous year total sales, it can be said that in 2006China loader industry is also a prosperous year. 2007 1-11 month, loader26 major enterprises sold a total of 143794, an increase of 34397(109397), an increase of 31.4%; total exports for8606, accounting for

14、total sales volume 6%, (3234) increase compared to the same period5372, amplitude is amounted to 166.1%. In 2008, China loader industry growth rate reduction,1-7month, accumulative total of countrywide fork-lift truck sales volume is 120449, an increase of 30.5%. China loader industry in development

15、 at the same time, some problems also are shown increasingly come out. Especially the industry enters a doorsill low, vicious price competition leads to lower profitability of the business, the marketing idea is missing, the market is expanding, product quality and reliability, moreover, the product

16、 structure and the aging and upgrading of services increased cost is difficult to digest and other factors severely restrict the further development of industry and the improvement of quality. Therefore, Chinese loader enterprises must seize new development situation, in the product R & D reflect th

17、e differential strategy and cost leading strategy, continue to strengthen the industry to the enterprise center of national level technology and institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes as the main research and development system construction, build the value chain marketin

18、g, strengthen brand construction, enhance brand value, only in this way to remain invincible in the new situation. Chinas largest wheel loader is Xugong LW1200K. In November 23, 2010, baumachina2010 exhibition held a grand occasion, the Xu labor science and technology shock launched the largest tonn

19、age Loaders - LW1200K, and spot sales, in twenty-first Century second ten years come, leading the Chinese loader product technology development in the new era. The appearance of LW1200K, make the Xugong and Europe, beauty enterprises juxtaposed, to become the worlds ability to develop the level of p

20、roducts, one of the four giants. LW1200K loader is Xugong based on market demand, targeting the international high-end technology mainstream, independent research and development of new products, is currently Chinas largest tonnage wheeled loader, with international advanced technology, equipment, i

21、nternational first-class parts, reflects the quality, safety and environmental values. And successfully passed by the Jilin University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Southeast University, China University of Mining and Technology and a number of industry experts identification. Identification of

22、the committee gave a high evaluation, and agreed that is China loader industry a major technological upgrade and breakthrough, to break foreign large loaders absolute monopoly, promote China loader industry technical progress, leading the loader industry toward high reliability, high technology cont

23、ent, high performance, large tonnage the direction of development of epoch-making significance. Use The loading machine is mainly used for loading, unloading, shovel, earth and stone type bulk material, also on rock, hard soil for mild digging. If a different work device, can also complete the bulld

24、ozing, lifting, loading and unloading materials work. In the highway construction is mainly used for subgrade engineering excavation, asphalt and cement concrete material field of aggregate, charging and other operations. Due to its high operating speed, good maneuverability, convenient operation an

25、d other advantages, and is developing very quickly, become the main machinery construction of earth and stone. Classification The commonly used single bucket loading machine, according to the power of the engine, transmission, walking system structure, loading way classification. In 1, the engine po

26、wer : the power is less than 74kw for small loader. The power in the 74 147kw for medium-sized loaders and power in the 147 515kw for large loader; the power is more than 515kw for oversize loading machine. In 2, transmission forms: of hydraulic mechanical transmission, small impact vibration, trans

27、mission and long service life, convenient operation, speed and load can be adjusted automatically, generally in large loader uses; the hydraulic transmission: stepless speed regulation, between the operation is started, but poor, generally only in small loader on the use of; the power transmission:

28、stepless speed regulation, reliable work, simple repair, high cost, generally in large loaders used. 3, walking structure : 1tire type: light quality, speed, flexibility, high efficiency, not easily damaged pavement, ground pressure, poor through, but are widely used; the crawler: grounding than the

29、 small, through the good, low center of gravity, good stability, strong adhesion, large traction force, cutting force, ratio of low speed, flexibility, high cost, relative difference when walking easily damaged pavement. 4, loading and unloading method : 1before unloading type: has the advantages of

30、 simple structure, reliable work, good vision, suitable for a variety of operating field, wide application; the rotary: working device is installed on the rotary360O table, lateral unloading without turning, high work efficiency, but the complex structure, quality, high cost, side stability is poor,

31、 is applicable to small venues. The unloading type: front-end loaded, unloaded, the operation efficiency is high, the rear safety good. Selection principle Type selection of main basis: operation and use to select and determine the. Generally in the quarry and soft base operations, using a crawler l

32、oader;2, power selection: the general use of engineering mechanical diesel engine, the special regional operations, such as elevation higher than that of 3000m place, should use the special high prototype diesel engine;3, transmission type selection: selection of hydraulic - General Mechanical trans

33、mission. The key components are converter selection form. China now produces loader selects the double single stage, two phase fluid power converter. 4, in the selection of the loader, and fully consider the loader braking performance, including a plurality of the brake, parking brake and emergency brake three. Brake shoe type, a caliper disc and