动名词作宾语或介词宾语.docx

1、动名词作宾语或介词宾语1.在很多动词后都可跟动名词作宾语：Have you finished cleaning the windows窗子擦好了吗Would you mind shutting the door劳驾把门关上行吗I enjoyed working there.我在那里工作很高兴。Our house needs painting.我们的房子需要油漆。能跟这种宾语的动词很多，常见的有：stop, suggest, remember, begin, like, start, mind, continue, cant help等。2.有些动词可以跟动名词作宾语也可用不定式作宾语，意思上没

2、有太大差别，如：Do you like playing chess你喜欢下棋吗to play They began talking about something else.他们开始谈别的事。to talk 有时两者在意思上有差别：I remember seeing you somewhere.记得在哪里见到过你。Remember to post the letter.记得把信发掉。3.动名词作介词宾语的时候也很多，特别是在某些成语后，如：Are you interested in going with us你有兴趣和我们一块儿去吗He is fond of playing tennis.他很

3、喜欢打网球。Im thinking of going to Hangchow.我在考虑到杭州去一趟。Thank you for coming.谢谢你来。4.动名词还可和某些介词一道用作状语等：After playing chess, we watched TV.下过棋之后我们看电视。Give me a phone call before leaving home.离家前给我打个电话。Im all for going by bus.我完全赞成坐公共汽车去。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中作宾语的动名词(短语)下划线：1) He enjoys teaching.2) She kept tal

4、king.3) She disliked my working late.4) Forgive my ringing up so early.5) I remember telling her about you.6) She liked reading short stories.7) Then we stopped talking.8) Would you mind telling her about it9) He admitted taking the money.10) They began talking about their school days.2. 在下面用作介词宾语的动

5、名词下划线：1) I dont feel like eating anything now.2) Ive got used to working at night.3) Im proud of having a friend like you.4) She was keen on coming to Chine.5) I never dreamed of meeting you in China.6) My sister is fond of reading picture books.3. 在下面句子中的介词短语下划线：1) We cant live without eating.2) Th

6、ey were surprised at your doing that.3) Since returning from Xian, I was awfully busy.4) She left without saying good-bye to us.5) What have you been doing besides writing the book6) He was praised for working so hard.不定式作主语和宾语 2007年09月11日 19:10 北文图书不定式作主语和宾语1.不定式(短语)常可用作主语：To see is to believe.眼见为实

7、。To act like that is foolish.这样做是愚蠢的。2.在很多情况下我们都把不定式往后移，前面用先行词it作形式上的主语，这样句子结构会显得更平稳。这时谓语可以是：1)be形容词：Its difficult to learn English well.学好英语不容易。2)be形容词for引起的短语：Its hard for me to answer.我很难回答。3)be形容词of引起的短语：Its kind of you to think so much of us.难得你为我们这样着想。4)be名词：Its our duty to do that.这样做是我们的职责。5

8、)其他形式的谓语：How long does it take to get there到那里需要多少时间3.不定式(短语)作宾语的时候极多，例如：She is learning to swim.她在学游泳。He promised to help us.他答应帮助我们。4.有些动词后可跟一个带有连接副(代)词的不定式作宾语：I dont know how to answer.我不知道该怎样回答。She will tell you what to do.她会告诉你该怎么做。5.有时还可用it作形式上的宾语，把不定式放到后面去：I dont think it necessary to do that

9、.我想这样做不必要。He felt it his duty to point that out.他感到有责任指出这一点。Exercises:1. 在下面句子的主语下划线：1) To smoke so many cigarettes is bad for your health.2) Its difficult to answer the question.3) Its nice to be with you.4) Its impossible to get there in two hours.5) Its our duty to help them.6) How long does it t

10、ake to get there7) It made her angry to hear that.8) It isnt right not to help them.9) It is an honour to be invited to visit the country.10) Its easy to answer that question.2. 在下面句子的宾语下划线：1) She agreed to go there with us.2) They decided to go there by train.3) He promised to help us.4) Do you wis

11、h to go there with us5) They will show you how to do the work.6) I did not know how to translate the sentence.7) Helen found it hard to get on with them.8) Do you think it easy to learn English9) They considered it better not to go.10) She felt it her duty to take care of the children.不定式作定语和状语 2007

12、年09月11日 19:10 北文图书不定式作定语和状语1.不定式(短语)作定语时很多，特别是在某些句型中：Do you have anything more to say你还有什么话要说吗I want to get something to read.我要找些资料看。There is nothing to be worried about.没有什么事值得发愁。We need someone to take care of the children.我们需要人看孩子。2.有些名词后常可用不定式作定语：Its time to go to bed.是睡觉的时候了。You have no right

13、to do that.你没有权利这样做。Thats the best way to do the work.这是做这工作最好的办法。Id like to have a chance to see him again.我希望有机会再见到他。3.不定式有时可用作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等：I went to town to buy some books.我进城去买书。Ive come to learn from you.我是来向你们学习的。What have I said to make you so angry我说了什么话使你这样生气She lived to be ninety.她活到了九十岁

14、。Im glad to see you.看到你我很高兴。We are proud to be students of China.作为中国的学生我们感到自豪。4.还可用来表示某方面：She is always ready to help others.她总是乐于帮助别人。We were eager to go home.我们亟于想回家。Be careful not to catch cold.当心别感冒。The book is easy to understand.这书容易懂。She was too young to understand that.她太年轻不懂这一点。Exercises:1.

15、 在作定语的不定式(短语)下划线：1) I have a lot of things to do today.2) There are two letters to be typed.3) Lets go and get something to drink.4) Theres no need to worry at all.5) We have a right to know.6) I had nothing to do that night.7) She didnt have the courage to tell you that.8) Thats probably the only t

16、hing to do now.9) There is no need to worry.10) He is not a man to bow before difficulties.2. 在作状语的不定式(短语)下划线：1) They ran over to welcome us.2) Im sorry to hear that.3) They are eager to take part in the job.4) The girls are easy to get along with.5) You are right to say so.6) She was glad to see us

17、.7) Never too old to learn.8) It was too late to do anything now.9) She was unwilling to take the job.10) To be frank, I dont like the idea.动名词的句法作用 2007年09月11日 19:10 北文图书动名词的句法作用1.动名词起名词的作用，在句中可作：1)主语：Fishing is prohibited.禁止垂钓。2)表语：My favourite sport is skiing.我最喜欢的运动是滑雪。3)宾语：I suggested going by

18、plane.我建议坐飞机去。4)介词的宾语：She is fond of swimming.她喜欢游泳。5)定语：This is your boarding pass.这是你的登机证。在很多情况下动名词和名词已构成合成词：opening speech开幕词 waiting-room候车室living room客厅 sleeping pill安眠药deep-ploughing深耕 close-planting密植weightlifting举重 family-planning计划生育2.有些动名词已经名词化，前面可加冠词，可用定语修饰，甚至有复数形式：You should give the roo

19、m a good cleaning.你把房间好好打扫一下。Who did the recording是谁录的音Please take our greetings to him.请向他问好。The work needs careful planning.这工作需要周密计划。3.有些动名词已完全成为名词：Lets bring in the washing.咱们去把洗好的衣服收进来。The story has a happy ending.这故事有个愉快的结局。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中的动名词下划线并说明它在句中的作用：1) Smoking is prohibited. ( )2) T

20、he only thing that interests her is dancing. ( )3) They insisted on going by plane. ( )4) I like reading short stories. ( )5) What can we learn by watching such movies ( )6) Do you mind my sitting here ( )7) They insisted on my staying there for supper. ( )8) Im thinking of going to London. ( )9) Sh

21、e takes no interest in my working there. ( )10) Running is my favourite sport. ( )11) Her job is raising pigs. ( )12) Seeing is believing. ( ) ( )2. 把下面合成名词译为汉语：1) reading-room2) parking space3) sitting room4) washing machine5) job-hunting6) living standard7) handwriting8) sight seeing9) washing-pow

22、der10) air-conditioning3. 在下面句子的真正主语下划线：1) Its nice talking to you.2) Its no use doing that.3) Its no good arguing with him.4) Its a waste of time going there now.动名词作宾语或介词宾语 2007年09月11日 19:10 北文图书动名词作宾语或介词宾语1.在很多动词后都可跟动名词作宾语：Have you finished cleaning the windows窗子擦好了吗Would you mind shutting the do

23、or劳驾把门关上行吗I enjoyed working there.我在那里工作很高兴。Our house needs painting.我们的房子需要油漆。能跟这种宾语的动词很多，常见的有：stop, suggest, remember, begin, like, start, mind, continue, cant help等。2.有些动词可以跟动名词作宾语也可用不定式作宾语，意思上没有太大差别，如：Do you like playing chess你喜欢下棋吗to play They began talking about something else.他们开始谈别的事。to talk

24、 有时两者在意思上有差别：I remember seeing you somewhere.记得在哪里见到过你。Remember to post the letter.记得把信发掉。3.动名词作介词宾语的时候也很多，特别是在某些成语后，如：Are you interested in going with us你有兴趣和我们一块儿去吗He is fond of playing tennis.他很喜欢打网球。Im thinking of going to Hangchow.我在考虑到杭州去一趟。Thank you for coming.谢谢你来。4.动名词还可和某些介词一道用作状语等：After p

25、laying chess, we watched TV.下过棋之后我们看电视。Give me a phone call before leaving home.离家前给我打个电话。Im all for going by bus.我完全赞成坐公共汽车去。Exercises:1. 在下面句子中作宾语的动名词(短语)下划线：1) He enjoys teaching.2) She kept talking.3) She disliked my working late.4) Forgive my ringing up so early.5) I remember telling her about

26、you.6) She liked reading short stories.7) Then we stopped talking.8) Would you mind telling her about it9) He admitted taking the money.10) They began talking about their school days.2. 在下面用作介词宾语的动名词下划线：1) I dont feel like eating anything now.2) Ive got used to working at night.3) Im proud of having

27、 a friend like you.4) She was keen on coming to Chine.5) I never dreamed of meeting you in China.6) My sister is fond of reading picture books.3. 在下面句子中的介词短语下划线：1) We cant live without eating.2) They were surprised at your doing that.3) Since returning from Xian, I was awfully busy.4) She left witho

28、ut saying good-bye to us.5) What have you been doing besides writing the book6) He was praised for working so hard.现在分词的句法作用 2007年09月11日 19:10 北文图书现在分词的句法作用1.现在分词和动名词同形，在句中可构成各种进行时态(参阅时态各节)：It is raining hard.雨下得很大。(现在进行时)He was writing a letter.他在写信。(过去进行时)What have you been doing你在干什么(现在完成进行时)2.除了

29、构成谓语外，现在分词还可：1)用作表语：The story is very interesting.这故事很有趣。The day was so charming.天气十分怡人。2)用作定语：China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。The house is a charming museum now.这房子现在是一座迷人的博物馆。3)用作状语：He is busy answering letters.他在忙着给人回信。Lets go fishing.咱们钓鱼去吧。4)用来构成复合宾语：We saw a girl running towards us.我们看见一个女孩向我们跑来。I heard someone knocking at the door.我听见有人敲门。3.有不少现在分词可用作表语，表示主语的特征：The water was quite refreshing.水使人清新。One of the boys is missing.有一个男孩不见了。“That