名词前缀及后缀.docx

1、名词前缀及后缀英语前缀后缀表后缀1,-ability表名词,“能，性质possibility2,-able表形容词,“可,的believable3,-aceous,-acious表形容词,“有,特征的delicious4,-acity表名词,“有,倾向capacity5,-acy表名词,“性质,状态privacy6,-age表名词,“状态,总称,场“所费,“用percentage,village,cottage,postage7,-ain表名词“人captain8,-aire表名词“人millionaire9,-al表形容词“,的personal,continental,rural10,-al

2、ity表名词“状态,性质personality,nationality11,-ally表副词“,地dramatically12,-an表名词和形容词“人American,Roman13,-ance,ence表名词,“性质,状况difference14,-ancy表名词“性质,状况vacancy,redundancy15,-ant,-ent表形容词“,的distant,different16,-ar表形容词“,的familiar表名词,“人liar,beggar17,-ard表名词,“不好的人bastard,coward,laggard18,-arian表名词,“,的人vegetarian,1/

3、1119,-ary表形容词,“,的imaginary,elementary20,-ate表动词,“做,造成graduate,frustrate21,-atic表形容词,“有,性质diplomatic22,-ation表名词“行为,过程,结果election,production23,-ative表形容词“有,倾向active24,-ator表名词,“做事的人或物dictator,generator25,-atory表形容词,“有,性质explanatory26,-cy表名词“性质,状态privacy27,-dom表名词“状态freedom28,-ee表名词“被动的或主动的人employee,e

4、xaminee29,-eer表名词“人员engineer30,-el表名词“人或物novel,channel31,-en表动词“变成shorten,darken32,-ency表名词“状态,性质efficiency33,-ent表形容词,“,的excellent表名词“人student,resident34,-eous表形容词,“有,的courteous,35,-er表名词“人singer,leader,writer表动词“反复做mutter,chatter,waver36,-ern表形容词,“,方向的eastern,western,southern37,-ery表名词“场所行,“为nurse

5、ry,rosery,robbery,bravery2/1138,-esque表形容词“如,的picturesque39,-ess表名词“女性poetess,goddess,actres40,-et,-let表名词,“小东西circlet,booklet41,-etic表形容词,“属于,的theoretic,energetic43,-ety表名词“状态anxiety44,-eur表名词“,人amateur,entrepreneur45,-faction表名词“到达的状态satisfaction46,-fold表形容词或副词“双重threefold47,-form表形容词,“有,状态的unifor

6、m48,-ful表形容词,“有,的beautiful,wonderful表名词“满,量handful,spoonful49,-hood表名词,“时期,性质childhood,boyhood50,-ial表形容词“有,的judicial,beneficial51,-ian表名词“某种人historian,librarian52,-ibility表名词“具备,性质的sensibility,possibility53,-ible表形容词“能,的possible,credible54,-ic表形容词,“,的scientific,fantastic55,-ics表名词,“学科,学术physics,mat

7、hematics56,-id表形容词,“如,的valid,humid57,-ific表形容词,“产生,的scientific,terrific58,-ify表动词,“,化purify,clarify3/1159,-ile表示形容词“,的juvenile,fertile表示名词“物体missile60,-ine表形容词,“,的,表名词“状态,药物elephantine,discipline,routine61,-ing表名词,“状态feeling,learning表形容词“正,的62,-ion,-tion,-sion表名词“动作或状态production,union,decision63,-io

8、r,较“,的superior,junior64,-ious“,的curious,spacious65,-ise,-ize表动词“,化memorize,advertise66,-ish表形容词“像,一样foolish,selfish表动词“造成67,-ism表名词“,主义,宗教socialism,capitalism表示学术或学术流派modernism69,-istic表形容词,由ist+ic构成,表示“,的artistic70,-ite表形容词,“有,的polite,71,ition表名词,“行为过程,状态definition,72,-itude表名词,“性质,状态attitude,73,-i

9、ty表名词,指具备某种性质 probability74,-ive表形容词,根据不同的单词结尾可分 -sive,ative,ive,itivepassive,active,75,-ization表名词,来自-ize+ation“,化或开展过程modernization,organization76,-less表形容词,“无,的helpless,careless4/1177,-like表形容词,“像,一样dreamlike,childlike78,-ling表名词,“小东西或某种人duckling,gosling,darling79,-ly表形容词,通常加在名词后timely,lively,fri

10、endly表副词,通常放在形容词后greatly,briefly,mainly80,-ment表名词,“行为或结果movement,agreement81,-most表形容词,“最,的headmost,outmost82,-ness表名词,“性质,状态kindness,business83,-ory表形容词“,的introductory,表名词,指场所factory,dormitory84,-ous表形容词,“,的dangerous,lustrous85,-proof表形容词,“防,的waterproof,rainproof86,-ress表名词“指女性actress,waitress,87,

11、-ship表名词,“表示某种关系或状态friendship,hardship88,-some表形容词,“充满,的,具有,倾向的handsome,89,-th表名词,通常指抽象名词 warmth,growth,strength90,-ture表名词,“一般状态,行为miniature,conjecture,denture,mixture91,-ward表形容词,副词,“向,downward,upward,northward92,-wise表副词,“方向,状态clockwise,likewise93,-y表形容词,rainy,windy前缀1,a-5/111)加在单词或词根前面，表示 “不，无，非

12、。acentric;amoral;2)加在单词前，表示“在，的asleep;aside2,ab-,abs-加在词根前，表示“相反，变坏，离去abnormal,;abuse3,ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at加-在同辅音字母的词根前，表示“一再等加强意。4,ad-加在单词或词根前，表示“做，加强。adapt,adopt,adjoin,adjust,adventure5,amphi-“两个，两种。amphibian6,an-在词根前，表示“不，无。anonymous,anarchism7,ana-表示“错误，在旁边，分开analogy,analysis8

13、,ante-表示“前面，先antedate,anterior,antecedent9,anti-表示“反对，相反antiwar,antitank,antibody10,apo-表示“离开，远离apogee11,auto-“自动，自己automobile,automatic,autograph12,be-1构成动词，表示“使成为befall,befriend,behold2构成介词beside,behind,below,before,beneath13,bene-“善，好benefaction,benediction,beneficent14,bi-表示“两个biweekly,bilingual

14、,biennial,15,by-“在旁边，副的byroad,byway,bywork16,circum-“环绕，周围17,co-表示“共同，通常方在元音词根前。Coeducation,cohabit,coexist,coincide18,col-,cor-在同辅音词根前，表示“共同。collapse,colleague,collect6/1120,contra-表示“反对，相反contrary,contradict,contravene,21,counter-表示“反对，相反counteract,counterbalance,22,de-表示“去掉，变坏，离开，变慢，向下 等destructi

15、on,demobilize.desalt表示“使,成为，加强等depict表示“两个，双dichromatic,dioxide表示“使,变成，分开，离开digest24,dia-表示“穿过，二者之间dialogue,diameter25,dif-和辅音重复表示“不，否认，分开differ,difference,diffident26,dis-表示“不，消失掉dislike,disorder,dishonest表示“分开，别离dispart,disseminate,dispense27，dys-表示“坏，不良dyspepsia,dyslexia,dysfunction28,e-,ef-表示“出，

16、出来evaluate,elongate,elaborate29,em-,en-表示“进入,之中，包围embrace,embed,empathy表示“使,进入状态empower,embitter,embody30,epi-表示“在,上，在,周围，在,后面epidermal,epidemic,epigram31,eu-表示“好，优秀eulogize,euphemism,euphonious32,ex-7/11表示“出，出去export,exclude,expel表示“前面的，前任的ex-wife,ex-president,33,exo-表示“外部的，外面exogamy,exotic34,extra

17、-表示“以外的，超过的extracurriculum,extraordinary,35,fore-表示“前面，预先foresee,forehead,forestall36,hetero-表示“异类，异种heterosexual,heterodoxy,37,homo-表示“同类的homogeneous,homonym38,hyper-表示“超过，太多hyperactive,hypersensitive,39,hypo-表示“下面，次等hypodermic,hypocrisy,hypocrite40,il-,ir-放在同辅音词根前表示 “不，无illegal,illiterate,illogica

18、l,表示“使,成为，进入illustrate,illuminate,illusion,41,im-,in-表示“不，无，非impossible,immoral,impolite,表示“向内，进入import,imprison,immigrate42,inter-表示“在,之间，相互international,interpersonal,43,intro-表示“向内，入内introduce,introspect,introvert44,macro-表示“宏伟，大macroworld,macrostructure,45,mal-表示“坏，恶亦作malemalcontent,malpractice,

19、malnutrition46,micro-表示“微，小microscope,microworld,microskirt8/1147,mini-表示“小minibus,miniskirt,miniwar,48,mis-表示“错误，坏mistake,misspell,misunderstand,49,mono-表示“单个，一个monarch,monogamy,monologue50,multi-表示“多，很多multilingual,multidirectional,multiple51,neo-表示“新的neonatal52,non-表示“不，非nonexistent,nonsmoking,no

20、nstop53,omni-表示“全部，到处omnipresent,omnipotent,omniscient54,out-表示“超过，过度outdo,outlive,outnumber表示“出去，过时outside,outgoing,outlandish55,over-表示“过度，过分overstudy,overwork,overact表示“在,之上overlap,override,overwhelm表示“翻转overturn,overthrow,overhaul56,paleo-表示“古，旧paleozoology57,pan-表示“广泛的pan-American,panacea58,par

21、a-表示“半，类似，辅助paramilitary,parapolitical表示“在旁边paradigm,paradox,paragon表示“降落伞parachute,paratroops,paradrop59,pen-“近似，差不多peninsula9/1160,per-“贯穿，自始至终perspective61,poly-“多polygon62,post-“在后面postwar,postpone“邮件postoffice63,pre-“前的，预先preschool,prefix64,pro-“向前prolong65,proto-“原始protype66,pseudo-“假pseudonym

22、67,re-“向后，重新reappear,rewrite,review68,se-“分开，离开sever,seduce69,sub-“下，次submerge70,sur-“超过，在上面surface,surpass71,super-“超过supermarket,72,trans-“横过transmit,transform73,un-“不，非unreal74,under-“在,下underground,undersea75,intra-“在内，内部intranational76,kilo-“一千kilogram77,milli-“千millimeter78,tri-“三triangle10/1179,uni-“一个uniform80,vice-“副vice-president11/11