常见的否定形式表肯定含义的表达形式讲课讲稿.docx

1、常见的否定形式表肯定含义的表达形式讲课讲稿常见的否定形式表肯定含义的表达形式常见的否定形式表肯定含义的表达形式 有些英语句子不可“貌相”(望文生义),它们明明看起来是否定形式,有时却可以表示肯定的意义,甚至表示非常强烈的肯定意义。由此,语言的神奇妙用被体现得淋漓尽致。本文对这一有趣的语言现象进行了归纳总结,以期能给同学们带来一点新意扑面、趣在其中的感觉。1 can / could not.too表示“无论怎样也不过分”。例如:You cannot be too careful when crossing the street. 穿越马路时,再怎么小心也不为过。You can never be

2、too careful in performing an experiment. 做实验越仔细越好。2 can / could not.enough意为“无论怎么都不够”，表示强烈的肯定。例如:I cannot thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。You cant be careful enough. 你越小心越好。3 too.not to表示“太不会不”,具有肯定意义。例如:He is too careful not to have noticed it. 他那么小心,一定会注意到这一点的。4 never too.to是对too.to的再否定,表示肯定。例如:Its neve

3、r too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。5 not.for nothing中,not用来否定for nothing,从而加强了谓语的肯定意义。例如:He didnt study law for nothing. 他学法律并没有白费。Believe me, he did not fly into such a rage for nothing. 请相信我,他勃然大怒是有原因的。6 nothing if not表示“极其”,含强烈的肯定意义。例如:He was nothing if not clever. 他很聪明。The story was nothing if not inte

4、resting. 故事极其有趣。7 nothing less than表示“完全是”,有肯定的含义。例如:What he said was nothing less than a lie. 他说的纯属谎言。His negligence was nothing less than criminal. 他的粗心大意无异于犯罪。8 nothing but表示“只有,只不过”,含肯定意义。例如:We could see nothing but water. 我们只看见一大片水。She does nothing but listen to records. 她除了听唱片什么也不做。9 no的否定意义很强

5、,和具有否定意义的名词连用,来表示强烈的肯定。例如:She is no fool. (She is very clever.) 她绝不是傻瓜。There is no question that Mr. Smith is the boss. 毫无疑问, 史密斯先生就是老板。10 双重否定表示强烈的肯定。例如:Nobody had nothing to eat. =Everyone has something to eat. 每个人都有吃的。11 not.until / till表示“直到才”,具有肯定的意义。例如:She didnt stop working until 12 oclock la

6、st night. 昨晚12点以前,她一直在不停地工作。12 “否定词 + so + adj. / adv. + as”结构,从反面表示“最”,是一种强烈的肯定。例如:It wasnt so bad as last time! 这次不像上次那么糟!None is so blind as those who wont see. 没有比视而不见的人更瞎眼的了。13有些带否定词的短语,在使用时并不构成否定意义,即表示肯定意义。例如:He would go as soon as not. 他非常乐意去。As often as not the buses are late on foggy days.

7、遇多雾天气时,公共汽车经常晚点。14否定的感叹句、疑问句常表示肯定意义。例如:Isnt this film interesting? 这部电影难道没趣吗?Who doesnt enjoy reading The Dream of the Red Mansion? 谁不喜欢看红楼梦呢?（人人都喜欢看红楼梦。）15. 以Why dont you.和Why not . 开头的疑问句往往表示邀请、建议、指导等,具有肯定意义。例如:Why dont you introduce her to your parents? 你为什么不把她介绍给你父母呢?Why not come and see me tomo

8、rrow? 明天来看我怎么样？ 英语句形：形式否定意义肯定 英语中有些句子形式上是否定的，但是内容含义上却是肯定的。现将这种常见的句式结构归纳如下： 一、 cannot wait 后跟不定式， 意为“急于做”，表示强调的肯定例1 I couldnt wait to see her. 我渴望见到她例2 I cannot wait to read the book. 我非常渴望读到这本书。二、 cannot/couldnttoo意为“越越，非常，无论怎样也不过分”在此结构中，cannot 也可改用can hardly，scarcely，never，impossible；too也可改用over，en

9、ough等。例3 You cannot be too careful. 你越小心越好。例4 We can hardly praise him too much.对他我们无论怎么赞扬也不过分。例5 A man can never have too many friends. 朋友越多越好。例6 He cannot see you quickly enough. 他想很快见到你。三、 not until/ till 意为“直到的时候才”例7 People take no thought of the value of time until they lose it. 人们失去时间后才知道时间的价值

10、。例8 We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. 直到井干了我们才知道水的重要。例9 It was not until the next day that I that truth. 直到第二天我才知道真相。例10 He did not go to bed until his mother came back. 直到他母亲回来他才睡觉。四、否定词but1. nobut 意为 “都, 没有不”。例11 there is no man but has his faults. 人皆有过。例12 No one believes but

11、 she will succeed. 人们相信他会成功。例13 there is no one but knows him. 人人都认识他。2. never (not)but (that) 意为 “每当, 总是, 没有哪次不是”。例14 I never see you but I think of my mother. 每当看见你时,我总是想起我的母亲。例15 It never rains but it pours.每次下雨都是倾盆大雨。例16 He will not be angry but that he is offended. 人们惹了他他才会生气。3. nothing but /no

12、ne but 意为 “仅仅,只,只有才”。例17 We can see nothing but water. 我们只能看见水。例18 the boys want to do nothing but play football. 男孩们只想踢足球。例19 None but me knew what happened. 只有我知道发生了什么事情。例20 He chose none but the best. 他只选最好的。五、 not long before 意为“不久就”例21 It was not long before he appeared. 他不久就出现了。例22 It will not

13、 be long before we finish the experiment. 我们不久就完成了实验。六、 否定词without 意为 “ 每必”例23 I never see her without thinking of my younger sister. 每次见到她，我就想起我的妹妹。例24 What appeared to me wonderful was that none of the ants came home without bringing something. 使我感到惊奇的是每只蚂蚁回来都带回一些东西。例25 there is no smoke without f

14、ire. 有烟必有火。七、 no(none) other than意为 “仅仅,完全”例26 This is no other than the book we want to buy. 这正是我们要买的那本书。例27 She is none other than my teacher. 她正是我的老师。例28 the letter was written by none other than Mary. 写这封信的正是玛莉。八、 too + 形容词 / 副词 + not 不定式 “非常必定能， 太不会不”1. 本句型是对too to 的否定，表示肯定意思。例29 His speech was

15、 too good not to stir the audience. 他的演讲太好了，不会不使观众轰动。例30 He is too wise not to solve this problem. 他那么聪明，一定会解决问题。例31 He is too foolish not to say it. 他那么傻，不会不把这事说出来。2. 若 把否定词放到前面not too to 表示这并不太所以能。例32 English is not too difficult to learn. 英语没有难到不能学的程度。例33 He is not too old to do it. 他做这件事，年龄并不老。3

16、. never too to (永不/决不)。例34 It is never too late to give up prejudices. 放弃偏见永远不晚。九、 more often than not意为 “常常,往往”例35 John is a good swimmer. He wins more often not. 约翰是个游泳健将,他常常在比赛中获奖。 例36 During bad weather the trains are late more often than not. 在天气不好时,火车常常晚点。例37 the street is crowded more often t

17、han not.这条大街常常很拥挤。十、 否定词比较级( 相当于最高级)例38 I couldnt aGREe more. 我非常同意。例39 Nothing is more valuable than health. 健康是最宝贵的。例40 Never is more beautiful flower than this!这是我见过的最美丽的花！十一、 not a little意为 “很,很多”例41 He is not a little tired. 他非常累。例42 He has not a little experience.他有着丰富的经验。十二、 某些不用回答和表达说话人感情的疑问

18、句1. 否定修辞性疑问句表示非常强烈的肯定。例43 Who does not know?(=Everybody knows.) 谁不知道?(意思是“人人知道”)例44 Why not try again? 你怎么不再试试？(即:你该再试试！)2. 否定感叹疑问句表示的肯定。例45 Isnt that beautiful! 多么美丽呀!例46 Isnt she a sweet girl! 她多么可爱啊!注：这种疑问句用来回答别人的问题或对别人的谈话作出反应,以强调自己和对方的意见一致。例47 -Lovely day, isnt it ? 天气真好啊,是不是?-Yes, isnt it!是啊,真好

19、!3. 祈使疑问句。例48 Wont you have some beer? 请喝点啤酒吧！例49 Won/t you sit down! 请坐呀!十三、否定的习惯用语表示的肯定有些习惯用法,虽然形式上是否定的,但意义却是肯定的。例50 Hell be at home now, as likely as not.(=Hell probably be at home now.) 他很可能现在在家。 英语中表示比较的句型相当多，如果句型中插进了 一个否定词，其意义和用法就很难掌握，下面介绍 几种常见的表达方式：1no better than：表示“和一样；实际等于”，如：Eg. He is no

20、better than a beggar.他实际上等于一个乞丐。Eg. The invalid is no better than he was yesterday.病人的情况和昨天一样。Eg. He has no better a say in the matter than I have.他和我一样在这件事上没有发言权。2not. any more than或no more. than：表示“同一样不”，如：Eg. I could no more do that than you.Eg. I could not do that any more than you.你不能做这件事，我也不能做

21、。Eg. He is not a poet any more than I am a scholar.我不是一个学者，他也不是一个诗人。Eg. This story is no more interesting than that one.这个故事和那个故事一样没有趣味。Eg. He is no more able to read German than I am.他和我一样都不懂德语。3not so much. as：表示“与其不如”Eg. He is not so much a writer as a reporter.他与其说是个作家，不如说是个记者。Eg. Your explanati

22、on does not so much enlighten us as confuse us.你的解释没有起到启发作用，反而把我们弄糊涂了。Eg. Oceans dont so much divide the world as unite it.与其说海洋分隔了世界，不如说海洋联结了世界。Eg. I dont so much dislike him as hate him.我与其说不喜欢他，不如说我恨他。4nothing like：表示“没有什么能比得上”Eg. There is nothing like home.金窝银窝，不如自己的草窝。Eg. There is nothing like

23、walking as a means of keeping fit.没有比散步来保持健康更好的了。Eg. There is nothing like leather for shoes.做鞋用皮革再好没有了。5nothing like（或near）as（或so）. as：表示“远远不像那样”Eg. This novel is nothing near so interesting as that one.这篇小说远远不及那篇小说有趣。Eg. The book is nothing like as difficult as I expected.这本书远没有我想像的那么难懂。Eg. His analysis of the poem is nothing like as penetrating as yours.他对这首诗的分析远没有你的分析那样透彻。6no less. than：表示“和一样”Eg. He is no less active than he used to be.他和从前一样活跃。Eg. His mind is no less alert than yours.他的思路和你的一样敏捷。Eg. Our soldiers fought with no less daring than skill.我们的士兵作战的英勇不亚于他们的战斗技能。