届高考英语大一轮复习备考北师大版讲义Book 7 Unit 19 language.docx

1、届高考英语大一轮复习备考北师大版讲义Book 7 Unit 19 language.核心必记单词1thankful adj.为感到高兴的；感谢的thankfully adv.感谢地；感激地thank n感谢；vt.感谢2decade n十年3trend n趋势，倾向4absence n缺乏；缺席absent adj.缺席的；缺少的5theory n理论；学说6surround vt.环绕，围绕surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n环境7target n目标8enlarge vt.扩大9adjust vt.调整；调节adjustment n调整；调节10inform

2、vt.告知，通知information n信息；通知11announcement n通告；宣告announce vt.宣布；宣告12congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n祝贺13unrest n不安14bent adj.弯曲的bend v(使)弯曲；n.弯曲；弯道15globe n地球global adj.全球性的16sincerely adv.真诚地sincere adj.真诚的；诚挚的.阅读识记单词17fluency n流畅度，流利度fluent adj.流畅的，流利的fluently adv.流利地18accuracy n精确度，准确度accurate ad

3、j.精确的，准确的accurately adv.精确地19nationwide adv.全国性地20fold v折叠；交叉21acquisition n(语言)习得22attain vt.达到；获得23adequate adj.足够的，充分的adequately adv.足够地；充分地24medium n媒介物；渠道；adj.中等的；适中的25ensure vt.确保，保证26accelerate vi.&vt.加速27guarantee vt.&n.保证28relative n亲戚，亲属relatively adv.相对地；相当地relate vt.叙述；使有联系29unconscious

4、adj.无意识的；不知不觉的conscious adj.意识到的；故意的30tight adj.绷紧的；紧张的tightly adv.紧紧地tighten vt.收紧；(使)变紧31resemble vt.像；与相似32purchase vt.购买33negotiate vt.协商；谈判negotiation n谈判34ambiguous adj.模棱两可的35offence n冒犯；得罪offend v冒犯36approval n赞成；赞许；批准approve v赞成；批准37applicant n申请人apply vi.申请application n适用；申请；申请书38candidate

5、 n候选人39regulation n规则regulate vt.调节，规定40amateur adj.业余的41embarrass vt.使窘迫embarrassment n困窘；尴尬embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的42punctual adj.准时的，守时的punctually adv.如期地，准时地语境活用用所给词的正确形式填空1The wide application(applicant) of computers will greatly improve our work efficiency.2The damage is usu

6、ally more serious on the first plant，but the neighbors，relatively(relative) speaking，stay safer.(2017全国)3Now，several states are moving to tighten(tight) laws by adding new regulations for opting out.(2017北京)4She speaks English so fluently(fluency) as if she had studied English in Britain.5Now all th

7、at was needed were the parents，but they were absent(absence)(2017全国)6Having devoted himself to language acquisition(acquire) for many years，he did make great achievements.7To our embarrassment，all of us had no money to pay for the bill.In that embarrassing situation，all of us were very embarrassed.(

8、embarrass)8While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global(globe) warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak.(2017江苏)9I sincerely(sincere) invite you to come here again.(2017天津)10The boy cant go out to play without his fathers approval(approve)11He was offen

9、ded(offence) by her unreasonable quarrel.12Weve had to make some adjustments(adjust) to our original plan.1more than不仅仅；超过2stand out出色；突出3get ahead取得成功；取得进步4rely on依靠；依赖5take the form of以的形式出现(存在)6adjust.to.调整以适应7inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事8keep in mind记住9catch on学会；受欢迎10for ages很久，很长时间11congratulate sb

10、.on sth.就某事向某人祝贺12consist of由组成，构成13on purpose故意地14be aware of意识到；察觉到15on the other hand另一方面16regardless of不管；不顾语境活用选用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空1On the one hand，I would like to go to the cinema.On the other hand，I have no time to do that.2And keep in mind that the more careful you are，the better results youll ge

11、t.3Some holidays are so much fun that they catch on outside of their culture.4The medical team consisting of five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to West Africa.5Now that you are grown-up，you shouldnt rely on your parents.6She will have to adjust herself to new conditions after moving to a ne

12、w city.7The club welcomes all new members regardless of age.8A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent，two ideas stand out.(2017江苏)9He broke the vase by chance，not on purpose.10Today，Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year.(2017全国)1Theres no point

13、 (in) doing.做是没有意义的。Theres no point reading the news in English if youve already watched it in your own language.如果你已用母语看过这则消息，再用英语来读是没有意义的。句式仿写用不着让自己这么不安。There is no point (in) upsetting yourself.2to put it simply简单地说To put it simply，if you want to be a success in the business world，you need a high

14、 level of English competence.简单地说，如果你想在商业世界中成为一个成功者，你需要高水平的英语能力。句式仿写简单来说，我们手头上没有货。To put it simply，we have nothing on hand.3provided that.如果Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.第三，你们说我只要预先付款就有折扣。句式仿写如果你周五之前能把钱还给我，我就借给你。Provided that you pay me back by Friday，I will

15、 lend you the money.1表示“得到”的动词集合acquire，attain，gain，get，obtain，win2前缀en-动词扫描(1)ensure确保，担保(2)enlarge扩大(3)enrich使充实(4)enable使能够(5)endanger使遭遇危险3带后缀-ings名词集锦(1)surroundings环境(2)savings积蓄(3)earnings工资(4)belongings所有物(5)greetings问候语(6)sufferings痛苦，苦恼4mind短语个个清(1)make up ones mind下决心 (2)bear/keep (.) in

16、mind记住(3)change ones mind改变主意(4)absence of mind心不在焉(5)have sb.in mind心中有合适的人选5“组成”短语有几何(1)consist of由组成(2)make up组成(3)be made up of由组成(4)be composed of由组成6“故意地”词汇知多少(1)purposely adv.故意地，蓄意地(2)deliberately adv.审慎地；故意地(3)intentionally adv.故意地，有意地(4)by design故意地，有意地(5)on purpose有目的地，有意地 拓展词：absent adj.

17、缺席的；不在的；缺乏的(1)absence of mind心不在焉in sb.s absence某人不在时in the absence of sth.缺乏某物(2)be absent from缺席(be present at 出席)(1)He failed in the exam because of his absence of mind.他因心不在焉而考试不及格。(2)In the absence of wolves，coyote populations also grew quickly.没有了(灰)狼，郊狼的数量也迅速增加。(2017全国)(3)He was absent from t

18、he meeting for one reason or another.他因为某种原因而没有出席会议。同义句改写(4)The decision was made while I was not there.The decision was made in my absence.易错点拨(1)absence通常为不可数名词，但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时，为可数名词。(2)表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介词from。 be adequate to do./for doing.足够做be adequate to sth.胜任more than adequate绰绰有余(1)Is your salar

19、y adequate to support/for supporting your family?你的薪水足够养家吗？(2)He was adequate to the task.他胜任这项工作。 ensure sb.sth./ensure sth.to sb.向某人保证ensure doing.保证做ensure sb.from/against.确保某人免受(1)We ensure fulfilling(fulfill) the task on time.我们保证按时完成任务。(2)This pill will ensure the patient a good nights sleep./

20、This pill will ensure a good nights sleep to the patient./This pill will ensure that the patient has a good nights sleep.这种药丸能使病人睡个好觉。(3)We should try all means to ensure ourselves from/against all possible risks.我们应该想尽一切办法确保自己免受一切可能的风险。guarantee vt.保证；担保n保证；担保；保修单(1)guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事guarantee

21、 to do sth./that.保证做某事；确保be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会；必定会(2)under guarantee在保修期内give sb.a guarantee that.向某人担保/保证(1)I guarantee to pay(pay) off his debts.(2)The car is less than a year old，so it is still under guarantee.一句多译(3)我们保证在一周内将货物送到。We guarantee to deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee v；简

22、单句)We guarantee that we will deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee v；复合句)We give a guarantee that we will deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee n) 拓展词：adjustment n调整；调节；适应(1)adjust.to.调整以适应adjust oneself to.使自己适应adjust to doing.适应做(2)make an adjustment/adjustments to.对作出调整(1)She found it hard

23、to adjust to working at night.她发现很难适应夜间工作。(2)Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform.一些学校将不得不做出调整，以便和国家足球改革保持一致。 拓展词：information n消息；信息informed adj.消息灵通的；见多识广的inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事inform sb.that.通知某人keep sb.informed of/about.通知某人关于；使某人知道(1)It w

24、as considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.迈克尔通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。(2015福建)(2)He has been informed(inform) that he doesnt qualify for the scholarship because of his academic background.他被告知，因为其教育背景，他没资格获得这笔奖学金。同义句改写(3)He informed the company of the ships safe arriva

25、l.(改为复合句)He informed the company that the ship had arrived safely.易错点拨inform后不接双宾语，也不用于inform sth.to sb.。要表示“告诉某人某事”，通常用inform sb.of/about sth.。inform的宾语通常只能是人，所以当后接从句时，其前的sb.不能省略。 拓展词：resemblance n相似；形似(1)You resemble your mother neither in character nor in appearance.在性格和外貌上你都不像你母亲。(2)He and his f

26、ather resemble each other.他和他父亲很像。易错点拨(1)resemble是及物动词，后接宾语时，不能用介词。注意不要按汉语意思在其后加介词to，like，with等。(2)resemble虽然是及物动词，但不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。 拓展词：negotiation n协商；谈判(1)negotiate with sb.about/over/for sth.与某人商议某事/谈判某事negotiate sth.with sb.通过与某人商议、谈判等处理或解决某事；商定；洽谈(2)under negotiation在商谈中in negotiation with和协商/

27、谈判中(1)The pilots are negotiating with/in negotiation with the airline managers.飞行员们正在跟航空公司的经理们谈判。(2)He asked me to tell you that the contract is under negotiation/being negotiated.他要我告诉你合同正在谈判中。 拓展词：embarrassing adj.令人不安的；令人尴尬的embarrassed adj.窘迫的；尴尬的embarrassment n尴尬；难堪；惹麻烦的人或事(1)be embarrassed at/a

28、bout因感到尴尬(2)to ones embarrassment令某人尴尬的是(1)Embarrassed(embarrass) about his mistakes，he locked himself in his room.(2)That was an embarrassing(embarrass) situation for me.(3)He wore an embarrassed(embarrass) expression on his face.一句多译(4)让他难堪的是，他对所发生的事情一无所知。What embarrassed him was that he had no id

29、ea of what was going on.(embarrass)To his embarrassment，he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrassment) 写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(1)The new dance quickly caught on among the students.流行起来(2)Please repeat what you said；I didnt quite catch on.理解(3)Just keep trying.Youll catch on soon.学会catch up with sb./sth

30、.赶上catch sight of看见catch ones eye吸引某人的注意catch sb.doing.发现某人正在做(4)Keep looking up，and you may catch sight of some unexpected creatures.继续观察下去，说不定你可以看到某些意想不到的动物。(5)She caught him smoking a cigarette.她发现他正在抽烟。 (1)on the one hand.on the other (hand).一方面另一方面(2)for one thing.for another.一则二则(1)On the one hand I want to sell the house，but on the other (hand)，I cant b