11页Word版高考英语专题10非谓语动词讲解.docx

1、11页Word版高考英语专题10非谓语动词讲解【专题十】非谓语动词【考情分析】1.不定式的时态和语态;2.不定式的功能:不定式的形容词性功能、不定式的副词性功能、不定式的名词性功能;3.不定式的省略;4.不定式的否定形式;5.不定式的搭配形式;6.独立主格结构;7.v-ing分词名词性功能;8.v-ing分词形容词性功能;9.v-ing分词副词性功能;10.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别;11.过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别;12.过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别;【思想方法】非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

2、方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。4、判断时间关系。方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。考点研读:【2011全国卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.roseB.risingC. to riseD.risen【答案】B【考点】考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。【解析】句意为“接下来我们看到的是烟雾从房子的后面冒出来。”rise升起来和see

3、看到这两个动作是同时发生的,因此选择现在进行的形式表示非谓语动词动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。选B。【2011全国卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“因为有一座桥与大陆连接,那个岛屿很容易去。”join是及物动词,但空格后没有宾语,故使用join的过去分词形式,充当表示状态或性质的形容词用,选项A、B、D都是主动式,需要后接宾语,因此排除。选C。【2011全国卷II

4、,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying【答案】D【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Sarah假装开心,对那次争论什么也没说。”A和B项是谓语动词形式,句中没有连词,故排除;C项是作目的状语,而句中是伴随状态,故选D。【2011北京卷,25】Its important for the fi gures regularly.A. to be updatedB. to have been updatedC. to updateD. t

5、o have updated【答案】A【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“经常更新这些数值很重要。”B和D项表示发生过的某件具体的事,但句尾的regularly表示经常发生的事,故用一般现在时。for引出的逻辑主语the figures与update 存在着被动关系,故选A。【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept【答案】B【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Emma,你

6、坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。”A项to keep是表示将来。C项having kept和D项to have kept表示动作先发生。make yourself more tired与keeping on you feet同时进行,故选B。【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried【答案】A【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“旅客只可以随身携带一件行李登机。”perm

7、it sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,句中是被动语态,Passeagers是carry的逻辑主语,用主动式,故选A。【2011天津卷,12】into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated【答案】B【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“翻译成英语后,发现这个句子的词序全变了。”the sentence与translate之间存在着被动关系,故用过去分词

8、,答案B。【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A. lookedB. to lookC. lookingD. to be looking【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Mike在他屋子外的大街上发现了他丢失的汽车,看上去刚擦得干干净净,还打过腊。”A项looked是谓语形式,但句中没有连词;B项不定式to look和D项to be looking 如果都表结果,那只能由Mike执行这个动作,与题意不符;C项look

9、ing表明车子的特性,作伴随状语,故选C。【2011上海春招,36】in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.A. OpenedB. Having openedC. OpeningD. Being opened【答案】A【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“很多人认为1955年开业的加利福尼亚迪斯尼乐园非常有趣。”open开业,与Disneyland之间存在着被动关系;D项Being opened表正在进行,但开业的事实已经发生,故选A。【2011上海春招,40】Harrison

10、 Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before.A. to workB. to be workingC. to have workedD. to have been working 【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Harrison Ford被认为是为数不多的曾经做过木匠的电影明星之一。”“做过木匠”这事发生在过去,不定式应当用完成式,表示发生过,排除A、B项。因为现在是明星,排除D项,选C。【2011山东卷,27】Look over theretheres a very long,

11、 winding path up to the house.A. leadingB. leadsC. ledD. to lead【答案】A【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“看那儿,有一条长长的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子。”leading作为path 的后置定语,相当于which leads。选A。【2011江苏卷,31】Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.comparedB.comparingC.

12、comparesD.being compared【答案】B【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“最近一项调查引起了市民们的激烈讨论,该调查是比较在两个不同超市里的相同商品的价格。”句子的主语是a survey,谓语动词是has caused,宾语是heated debate。由此可见,原句不缺主干成分,“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”该部分是来修饰survey的,做后置定语。排除C作谓语动词的选项。由于prices作compare的宾语,是主动形式,所以选B。【2011福建卷,23】Tsinghua Unive

13、rsity, in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. foundB. foundingC. foundedD. to be founded【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“建于1911年的清华大学培养了一大批杰出的人士。”Tsinghua University与found之间存在着被动关系,to be founded不定式表将来。founded过去分词表被动,也表动作已完成,故选C。【2011福建卷,27】The difference in thickness and weight from th

14、e earlier version makes the iPad2 more comfortable .A. heldB. holdingC. be heldD. to hold【答案】D【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“iPad 2与早期的型号在厚度和重量上不同,拿在手里很舒服。”在用easy, difficult, hard, comfortable等形容词构成的复合宾语时,用不定式作状语。hold与前面的the iPad 2有逻辑上的动宾关系,故用主动式。因此,选D。【2011安徽卷, 30】Tom asked the candy makers if they could make

15、 the chocolate easierinto small pieces.A. breakB. breakingC. brokenD. to break【答案】D【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Tom问糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容易扳成小块。”在用easy, difficult, hard, comfortable等形容词构成的复合宾语时,用不定式作状语。to break与the chocolate存在着动宾关系,故用主动式的不定式,选D。【2011浙江卷,3】Bats are surprsingly long-lived creatures, some a life span

16、of around20 years.A.having B had C. have D. to have【答案】A【考点】考查独立主格结构。【解析】句意为“令人惊讶的是,蝙蝠是长寿的动物,有些能活20年左右。”had和have是谓语动词形式,题中没有连词,无法并存两个句子。to have表将来;having表伴随,因此,选A。【2011浙江卷,14】Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost【答案】B【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“甚至最优

17、秀的作家有时也会发现他们难以用文字表达自己。”lose是及物动词,A、C、D项都是主动式,空格后没有lose的宾语,故用过去分词lost当形容词用,作find themselves的宾语补足语。选B。【2011浙江卷,19】If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the cityby their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheeredB. be cheeresdC. to be cheeredD. were cheered【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】

18、句意为“如果他们赢了今晚的决赛,队员们将会巡游全城,接受热心支持者的欢呼。”A项being cheered正在进行;B项be cheeresd是谓语原形;D项were cheered也是谓语,但句中已有谓语are going to;C项to be cheered表示将来,同时也表示被动。根据语境,选C。【2011四川卷,2】Ladex doest feel like abroad. Her parents are old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD.to study【答案】B【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Ladex不愿意去国外留学,因为她的父母年纪大

19、了。”feel like doing sth.想要做某事,习惯表达法。因此选B。【2011四川卷,11】Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.to keep【答案】D【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Simon制作了一个大竹盒来养这只生病的小鸟,直到它能飞起来。”make a big bamboo box的目的是为了keep the little sick bird,因此选D表示目的状语。A项构成使役用法,大竹盒无生命力,不能执行这个动作;B项是谓

20、语词,与句中made冲突;C项是伴随状语,表示made与keep同时进行。根据句意选D。【2011四川卷,16】an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.To offer【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Andy在一部新影片中扮演重要角色,这就有了成名的机会。”offer sb. sth.(主动提供某人某物。句中Andy与offer之间存在着被动关系,故选C。【2011重庆卷,29】More TV programs, accor

21、ding to government officials, will be produced peoples concern over food safety.A.to raiseB.raisingC.to have raisedD. having raised【答案】A【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“据政府官员说,为了唤起人们对食品安全的关注,将制作更多的电视节目。”raising表示伴随;to have raised表示动作已发生;having raised表示动作先发生;to raise 表示目的状语,事情还没有发生,是前面“将制作更多的电视节目”的目的,因此,选A。【2011重

22、庆卷,33】Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himselfof his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Michael在他的床头贴了姚明的照片提醒自己不要忘了自己的梦想。”空格前的himself与动词remind之间存在着被动关系。故选C。【2011陕西卷,14】Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left.A.check

23、B.checkingC.to checkD.checked【答案】D【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“Claire在登机前一小时她携带的行李接受了检查。”have sth. done“让被做”。逻辑主语是her luggage,和check的关系是被动关系,所以答案选择D。【2011陕西卷,20】More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made【答案】A

24、【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“中国修建了越来越多的高速公路,人们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。”空格后面是it,说明是主动关系,排除B;不能选择C的原因是to do做目的状语,不符合句意;答案选择A,表示结果。【2011湖南卷,21】The ability an idea is as important as the idea itselfA expressingB expressedC to expressD to be expressed【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。【解析】句意为“想法重要,提出想法的能力也同样重要。”express 修饰的是ability,

25、 为主动关系,排除B和D表示被动的选项;ability作为一个抽象名词,通常使用动词不定式做定语,联系到短语be able to do sth,不难推断正确选项为C。【2011湖南卷,23】The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A selectingB to seleceC selectedD having selected【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词做定语的用法。【解析】句意为“人们期待着从全国各地挑选出来的运动员能在今年夏季的赛事中给我们带来荣誉。”s

26、elect修饰players, 为被动关系,只有C选项表被动。故选C。【2011湖南卷,29】Do you wake up every morning energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“每天早上醒来后,你是否感到精力充沛,并为新的一天作好了准备?”wake up作句子的谓语,句中没有连词,排除谓语动词feel。to feel表将来,与wake up组成一先一后的动作关系,felt 作为过去分词表被动,与you 这个逻辑主语矛盾,故选C

27、,feeling 作伴随状语。【2011辽宁卷,30】around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】句意为“游客们围绕在火堆旁边,与当地人一起跳舞。”gather的动作由the tourists 执行,用主动形式,并与dance同时进行,故选C,表示伴随情况。【2011江西卷32】On receiving a phone call from his wife she had a f

28、all, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office.A. saysB.saidC.sayingD.to say【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。【解析】“在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒后,Gorden先生立刻从办公室冲回家。”非谓语动词修饰phone call,前后动词的动作在同一时间发生,表主动进行用现在分词的形式。选C。【2011辽宁卷,23】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read fast.A. whatB. whoC. howD. why

29、【答案】C【考点】考查疑问副词+ to do的用法。【解析】句意为“有二十名学生想听旨在提高阅读速度的课程。”f ast提示了方式,how + to read fast等同于名词,作teach的宾语。故选C。10福建Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.A. sendingB. to sendC. having sentD. to have sent答案A考点非谓语动词解析表示伴随。从“were working”

30、 可以判断是进行时态, 排除C。10福建In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck答案B考点remain后接动词的用法解析remain是高考的重点词汇。当它做系动词时, 后面接过去分词作表语。10上海Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.A. amuse

31、dB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused答案A考点本题考查非谓语动词。解析keep+sb. /sth. +done,根据句意, sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系, 故选A.10上海the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached答案A考点本题考查非谓语动词。解析考察现在分词作状语, 表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语, 因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。10上海Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse o