高考英语试题及答案与解析上海秋季精校版.docx

1、高考英语试题及答案与解析上海秋季精校版2010年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海 英语试卷 后二位 校验码号码考生注意：1. 本试卷分为第卷（第1-12页）和第卷（第13页）两部分。全卷共13页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。2. 答第I卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。3. 第I卷（1-16小题，25-80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试

2、卷上一律不给分。第I卷中的第17-24小题、81-84小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。第卷 （105分）. Listening Comprehension II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.

3、 Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.A. between B. along C. below D. with【解析】考介词用法。根据句意“Sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示“沿着”时，应选along。【答案】B。26. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was journey.A. three hour B. a three-hours C. a th

4、ree-hour D. three hours【解析】考复合形容词和冠词。数词+连字符+名词的用法, 连字符后连接的名词要用单数。意为“是个三小时的路程”。 【答案】C。27. If our parents do everything for us children, we wont learn to depend on A. themselves B. them C. us D. ourselves【解析】考反身代词。主语为we，应选对应的ourselves。 depend on oneself:自力更生。 【答案】D。28. Every few years, the coal worker

5、s their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had【解析】考时态。根据时间状语every few years, 应选一般现在时have。【答案】B。29. - Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.- Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt

6、【解析】考虚拟语气。此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词，表达“本应该做，而未做”。【答案】C。30. In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market. A. longer than B. more than C. as much as D. as far as【解析】考介词词组。根据rarely travelled long distances，应选as far as远到.。【答案】D。31

7、. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored【解析】考时态和语态。根据后一句，可知工程还未完成，是正在被修复中，应选is being restored。【答案】D。32. I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A. fi

8、nd B. found C. to find D. finding【解析】考非谓语用法。句意：我很难找到，是主动关系，应选finding。固定词组have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难。【答案】D。33. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused【解析】考非谓语用法。根据句意，逻辑主语her colleagues与它后面的非谓语动词成被动关系

9、，为keep + sb./sth. + done的句型, 故选amused。【答案】A。34. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problemC. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem【解析】考让步状语从句。首先排除A 和D，However后应先接形容词，而What后应先接不定冠词。句意“无论遇到多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑

10、战”。 however表让步时是倒装句型：however + 形容词/副词+ 主语 + 谓语，however = no matter how,意为“无论、不管”，选However serious a problem。【答案】C。35. the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached【解析】考非谓语动词。逻辑主语就是句子的主语we，表示正在进行或主动的动作，应选现在分词，即Appro

11、aching。【答案】A。36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why【解析】考that引导同位语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。【答案】A。37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . A. he is enteri

12、ng which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering【解析】考宾语从句。which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。【答案】B。38. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which【解析】考介词搭配。常与return 搭配的介词有to 和f

13、rom，此处根据句意“回到”，应选to。 【答案】C39. our manager objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After【解析】考连词。句意是“除非我们经理反对Tom加入俱乐部，不然我们都应接受他为成员”。选Unless。【答案】B。40. Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to

14、 reduce C. reduced D. reduce【解析】考非谓语动词。此处应选不定式to reduce做the way的定语，表要发生还未发生的（减少）动作。不要受被we can imagine隔断的干扰，误选reducing。【答案】B。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. additional

15、 B. producing C. regular D. predicted E. identifiedF atmosphere G. matched H. reducing I. carried J. increaseForests in the northern half of the globe could be growing faster now than they were 200 years ago as a result of climate change, according to a study of trees in eastern America. The trees a

16、ppear to have faster growth rates due to longer growing seasons and higher concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide in the _41_.Geoffrey Parker, a scientist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre in Edgewater. Maryland, said that the increase in the rate of growth was unexpected and might be

17、_42_ to the higher temperatures and longer growing seasons documented in the region. The growth may also be influenced by the significant _43_ in atmospheric CO2, he said.We made a list of reasons these forests could be growing faster and then excluded half of them, Dr. Parker said. Their study sugg

18、ests that northern forests may become increasingly important in _44_ the influence of man-made CO2 on the climate.Dr. Parker and his colleagues have _45_ out a detailed record of the trees on a(n) _46_ basis since 1987. They calculated that due to the global warming the forest is producing _47_ tons

19、 of wood each year.The scientists _48_ the land with trees at different stages of growth and found that both young and old trees were showing increased growth rate. More than 90 per cent of the tree groups had grown by between two and four times faster than the scientists had _49_ from estimates of

20、the long-term rates of growth.41. 【解析】根据选项前的the，应选名词。根据43选项后的atmospheric CO2，atmosphere符合句意。【答案】F。42. 【解析】根据选项后与之搭配的介词to，选matched 符合句意。【答案】G。 43. 【解析】根据选项前的定语，应选名词。根据41选项前提到的higher concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide ，选increase 符合句意。【答案】J。44. 【解析】根据选项后的the influence，应选动名词，reducing符合常识：森林的增加有助于减少二氧

21、化碳对天气的影响。【答案】H。45. 【解析】根据选项前有have ，后有宾语，应选过去分词。根据后面搭配的out ，carried 符合句意，carry out 实行，实施。【答案】I。46. 【解析】根据选项前是冠词 ，后是名词，应选形容词。on a regular basis: 定期的/固定的基础。【答案】C。47. 【解析】根据选项前是动词 ，后是名词，应选形容词。根据句意，由于地球变暖森林产生额外的木材，选additional。【答案】A。48. 【解析】根据选项前是主语 ，后是宾语，选项应是谓语。根据句意，科学家认定不同生长阶段土地与树的关系，选identified 【答案】E。4

22、9. 【解析】选项应是谓语，理由同上。句意，科学家根据长期生长率预测，选predicted 【答案】D。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The first attempt of even the most ta

23、lented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing _50_. What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The a

24、nswer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, _51_ ，revising. Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving

25、 psychological love story set to music. The musical had _52_ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber _53_ some of the music because the Phantoms makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds. When you revise, you change aspec

26、ts of your work in _54_ to your evolving purpose, or to include _55_ ideas or newly discovered information. Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. _56_, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the

27、 way. Even your decision to _57_ topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However，dont make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows _58_. Always make time to become your own _59_and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you _60_ new id

28、eas.Revising involves _61_ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writin

29、g: Is my main idea or purpose _62_ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the _63_ that is, facts, opinions, inferences that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many _64_ details that may confuse readers?50. A.

30、technique B. style C. process D. career51. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words52. A. undergone B. skipped C. rejected D. replaced53. A. rewrote B. released C. recorded D. reserved54. A. addition B. response C. opposition D. contrast55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D

31、. fresh56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore57. A. discuss B. switch C. exhaust D. cover58. A. drafting B. rearranging C. performing D. training59. A. director B. master C. audience D. visitor60. A. personal B. valuable C. basic D. delicate61. A. mixing B. weakening C. maintaining D. as

32、sessing62. A. amazing B. bright C. unique D. clear63. A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints64. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. concrete D. final【文章大意】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。50.【解析】考名词辨析。根据51选项后提到的“such a process”，选process。【答案】C。technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不达意。本题难度适中。51.【解析】考介词短语辨析。前面列举的a