大学英语综合教程四级必考笔记.docx

1、大学英语综合教程四级必考笔记大学英语综合教程四级必考笔记 符号说明：=引出解释/词义相同，表示用法相同，批注表示待确认，加粗表示一个词系的词，荧光，数字表示页码。 2 Shape = to have great influence on sb;determine the nature of sth. e.g.1.These events helped to shape her future career.这些事情对她的未来事业产生重大影响。e.g.2.Her attitudes were shaped partly by her early experiences.她的想法一定程度上由她的早期

2、经历决定。 一定程度上：partly, to an extent, to some extent, to some degree conform 与一致 3 off and on=from time to time=sometimes断断续续地，有时e.g.It has been raining on and off for a week, thats why the clothes feel damp(潮湿的）. Belleville=a city in a coal mining region,has diverse industry. possibility=likelihood e.g

3、.They havent arrived yet. Theres the possibility that theyve taken the wrong road. take hold=become established生根，确立e.g.Old habits die hard. （很难摆脱）Thats why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold. bored get/be bored by sth; grow bored with a crashing bore/a frightful bore/an insufferabl

4、e bore/an utter bore讨厌之极的人/事 Assignment=a piece of work given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业 assign assign sth to sb=assign sb sth give e.g. Some work to do on holiday was assigned. turn out = (1) come out or gather as for a meeting, public event, etc. e.g.1.A large group of protester(抗议者）have

5、turned out. e.g.2.Crowd turned out for the procession. (2) prove e.g. The plan turned out a failure/success. (3)shut off turn out the light (4)produce e.g. The school has turned out some great scholars. agony=painful anticipate+gerund（动名词）/that e.g.1. They anticipate that deaths from AIDS will have

6、doubled by 2005. e.g.2. We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform.(医改) e.g.3. We anticipate hearing from you. cheerless cheering欢呼cheerfulcheerleader拉拉队长 That most tedious of subjects=the most tedious subject of all subjects. Have a reputation for 因 be able to do

7、,have the ability to do be capable of Inspire sb to do an inspired guess凭灵感做出的猜测 e.g.1.Martin Luther King Jrs speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans. e.g.2.The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on. inspirati

8、on+to do e.g.Her work shows real inspiration. Rigid=fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict e.g.If he had been a little less rigid about things, his daughter would not have left home at such a young age. Hopeless be hopeless at对一窍不通 a hopelessly ill patient绝症 Be/go out of date/old fashionedbe fa

9、shionable/up to date bring sth up to date Prim=stiffly (too) formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude and improper. A prim dress端庄 prim appearance prim and propernegative过于古板和认真 Severe=1朴素的:Hemingway is known for his severe writing style. 2 stern, strict: be severe on/wit

10、h e.g. Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the air force. 3 剧烈的e.g. The severe chest pain experienced by the Vice-president proved to be a heart attack. Glasses=spectacles, contact lens Wavy 卷曲的 有波纹的 He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar button

11、s of his white shirts. Comic滑稽的 tackle e.g. The question set by the teacher was so difficult that pupils did not know how to tackle it. Distribute=divide and give out among people, places, etc. distribute sth among/to sb. 词根tribute e.g. films tribute(n.)/dedicated to the national day; pay tribute to

12、 contribute, attribute to把.归因于 Simple-minded=showing very little intelligence narrow/open-minded; high-minded思想高尚; strong-minded意志坚强 Due e.g.1. The book is due to publish in Nov. e.g.2. The train is due in 15 minutes. Face up to e.g. Now that your daughter was born, youll have to face up to the resp

13、onsibilities of being a father. A sequence of一连串相关事物 a sequence of dance movements Image an image ambassador of.product In my minds eye mental images 脑海 定语后置e.g.1. A list has been drawn up of words we have learned so far. E.g.2. All is not gold that glitters(闪闪发光). Scanner扫描仪 Spaghetti-not taste pul

14、py (多汁的) poke戳scoop舀 prong叉子的尖头 Recall +n/gerund/that clause e.g.1.I dont recall ever meeting her. E.g.2.She recalled that she had to see the doctor again that afternoon. Remind sb. Of doing/to do/that clause Drive sth home将讲透彻 Argument get into/break off(中止)/terminate（结束）/settle(解决)/put forward; of

15、fer(提出论点)/confute(驳倒)an argument Awake The letters awoke old fears. Violate=act against e.g. Speeding downtown areas violates traffic regulations.violet紫罗兰violent剧烈的 A failing/passing grade Respectable=1 值得尊敬的:a respectable couplerespectful尊敬的: talk to him at a respectful distance 2 decent/proper合乎礼

16、仪的，礼貌的 Composer作曲家 The graded papersthe corrected papers Report to sb for sth: I was ordered to report for training to the artillery officers. Discipline: tighten discipline加强纪律； keep discipline维持纪律learn discipline学会遵守纪律 4 Speak/talk/say/laugh out loud Contempt 轻视，轻蔑 Ridicule=making or being made fu

17、n of. 1 In contempt of对不屑一顾Do sth in contempt of heaven and hell天不怕，地不怕 2 to hold sb up to ridicule嘲笑 Hold back =1 to prevent the expression of feelings, tears, etc. e.g. Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back the tears. 2 make sb/sth stop moving forward e.g.The en

18、built banks(堤） of earth to hold back the rising flood water. 3 to prevent the development of e.g.You could become a good musician, but your lack of practise is holding you back. 4 keep secret. e.g.Tell me about it, dont hold anything back. Be pure delight at Power=the faculty(能力，技能，功能） of the body o

19、r mind e.g.1 Well have to use all of our powers of persuasion. e.g.2 He has lost the power of speech.失去说话能力 Career, profession, trade At the eleventh hour As it were=so to speak=as one might say Put the final seal on my happiness. definite. A seal of approval e.g.This project needs the governments s

20、eal of approval.正式批准。e.g.2 A last-minute goal set/put the seal on Tottenhams victory. e.g.3 This award has set a seal on the successful stage career.BOOK 2U1Raining reflects on a visit to China. Reflect=think,consider. e.g. When we feel sorry for ourselves,we should reflect that there are others les

21、s fortunate than we are.Reflect on/upon=think deeply about. e.g. I must reflect on how to answer the question. Please reflect on your action/ behavior.反省Reflect well/badly on证明在某方面表现好/差 e.g.This scandal reflected badly on this party as a whole.丑闻对该党整体影响不好 Bad manners often reflect on ones parents.粗鲁

22、举止让父母丢脸thoughtCan you read her thoughts?=can you guess what she is thinking about?Dont keep your thoughts to yourself.不要闷在心里。That woman has not got a thought in her head.没脑子Thoughts pl.=ideas. e.g. My thoughts on this issuethe bustling eastern Chinese cityBustling=busy,full of noise/activities e.g.

23、A bustling trade town.贸易兴隆的小镇Bustle vt/vi-in/transitive e.g. You have to bustle your roommate to school.催促bustle with e.g. The office bustled with people and activity.办公室挤满了人，十分忙碌。arts=the arts=the fine arts=art文科An arts degree文科学位工engineering理science elementary school入门的=primary school初等的，小学年龄的 gra

24、de school grandma schoolthe most telling lessons=1 impressive=have a noticeable effect Telling argument 有力的论据2 流露感情的a telling smile/remarkbe attached to=对。产生依恋，留恋，爱慕e.g.Ive never seen 2 people so attached to each other.Weve been so much attached to this campus that we dont want to move. Do you have

25、a strong attachment to your family?affiliated hospital/school附属医院 blockMy nose is blocked.鼻塞 block the traffic妨碍交通Your stubborn attitude is a block to the progress.强硬的A block of marvel一块大理石positionDont position yourself too close to the fire.Be in a/no position to do由于某些条件（不）可能In/out of position Be

26、in position, players.各就各位Put oneself in sbs( sb elses) position设身处地地着想vigorYou are in your prime and full of vigor.年富力强，精力旺盛。EnergeticallyMusic of tremendous vigor极大的，绝妙的tender=1 young, easy damaged or hurt. e.g. Tender plants at/of a tender age tender foot.pl. Tender foots=inexperienced2 gentle, lo

27、ving, 关心，爱护 a tender parent慈母/父 Be tender to/ towards. A tender smile温柔 A tender glance含情脉脉地 not in the least=not at allbother He didnt even bother to say thank you.费心。他连谢谢都不说一声。Rudeness bothers me.讨厌粗鲁表现Bother ones head/oneself about/with sth.为。操心e.g. Ive grown up so dont bother your head about me.

28、 Cant be bothered 不愿出力/找麻烦e.g.He behaved as if he couldnt be bothered.It bothers that he is so sensitive/he couldnt finish it in time.让人不痛快bang=strike violently, to make a loud voice e.g. Strike with a fist拳头Bang goes sth破灭e.g. Bang goes his hope of promotion.提拔The idea hit him with a bang.突然产生的主意fi

29、nd its way into the slot=reach the destinationinitial. n.首写字母Please sign your initials here. a. The first/beginningInitiative n.On ones own initiative主动，自发 Take the initiative in倡导，发起. v.开始实施Any Chinese staff member nearby would come over to watch him and, noting his lack of initial success, attempt

30、 to assist. =noticing/observinghold onto ones hand=not let go of抓住，握住Hold onto your hat while walking on such a windy day.Rock climbing Hold onto the rock to stop yourself slipping.expectantly=hopefullyShes expecting a child=pregnantAn expectant mother/father孕妇/准爸爸Turn expectant eyes on sb.投以期待目光awa

31、it =wait foron occasion=now and then=sometimeson the occasion在。场合/情况下neglect清楚的、可以做到的事，没有做incident-indicate things in international politics e.g. The 911 incident was not an accident.Ordinary incident of daily life日常事务be (ir)relevant to 介词Relevance bear/have relevance to冒号表示后文为对前文进一步解释shed/cast/throw (new) light on=to help explain/understandShed new light on cause of the disease医学新发现exceptionAn exception to the ruleWith no exceptionultimate1 基本的the ultimate principles2 最终的=final the ultima