专升本核心英语单词大汇总.docx

1、专升本核心英语单词大汇总A以下单词出现“搭表示“搭配、“辨表示“辨析、“例表示“例句。able a.能够，会；能干的；聪明的【搭】be able to do sth. 有能力干某事【辨】be able to 和 can。be able to 有各种时态变化，can除有过去时变化外，不能有其他时态的变化。如：I have not been able to go to work for three days我都三天没能去上班了。He could swim very well at that time他那时游得很好。 例I am afraid I wont be able to visit you

2、on Sunday. 恐怕我无法在星期日来拜访你了。abandon v.放弃；抛弃，离弃【搭】abandon oneself to 沉溺于；听任摆布【辨】abandon和give up。abandon指因为外界的原因(如影响或压力等)而完全放弃。如：Mary had to abandon her trip because of her mothers illness由于母亲生病，玛丽不得不放弃旅行。give up指放弃或中止某种习惯、方案、努力等，其后可接宾语也可不接宾语。如：You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year. 你应该戒烟

3、, 我去年就戒掉了。例The driver abandoned his car in the snow. 司机把汽车抛弃在雪地里。The nextbest solution is to abandon the project altogether. 仅次于最正确的解决方法是放弃全部方案。abrupt a.突然的，意外的；鲁莽的例The meeting came to an abrupt end. 会议突然结束了。That young man has an abrupt manner. 那个年轻人态度很无礼。abide v.坚持；遵守；容忍【搭】abide by 遵守，履行：Everyone m

4、ust abide by the law. 所有的人都必须遵守法律。I abide by what I said. 我坚持我所说的话。例He could not abide any rude behaviour他不能容忍任何无礼的行为。 He cannot abide to stay in one position for long. 他无法忍受长久待在同一职位上。abolish v.废除，取消例There are many bad customs and laws that ought to be abolished. 有许多不良的习俗和法规应予以废除。Abraham Lincoln abo

5、lished slavery in the United States. 亚伯拉罕林肯在美国废除了奴隶制。absencen.没有, 缺乏；缺席【搭】in the absence of没有, 缺乏例What was the real reason for your absence? 你缺席的真正原因是什么？ We must invent an excuse for our absence. 我们必须为缺席编造一个借口。absent a.缺席的，不在的；缺乏的【搭】be absent from缺席例Professor Li is absent, I will take the lesson in

6、the place of him. 李教授不在, 我替他上课。Many students were absent, especially the monitor. 许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。absolute a.绝对的；完全的；专制的【搭】absolute既不可以有比较级，也不可以使用强调程度的副词very等来修饰，但是可以使用nearly等副词来修饰。如：The officer had nearly absolute control over his soldiers该军官几乎可以完全控制他的士兵。例I have absolute trust in the skill of doct

7、ors. 我绝对相信医生的医术。 The police has found absolute proof of his guilt警方已经发现他犯罪确实凿证据。absorb v.吸收；吸引的注意, 使全神贯注【搭】be absorbed in 专心于例Plants absorb minerals and other nutrients from the soil. 植物从泥土中吸收矿物质和其他养料。 The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him. 那个聪明的男孩把他老师所能教他的所有知识都吸收了。abs

8、tract a.抽象的；深奥的n.摘要；抽象 v.摘要；转移例We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is abstract. 我们尽可谈论美的事物，然而美本身却是抽象的。 Mary abstracted a story for the book review玛丽为这篇书评写了故事梗概。absurd a.愚蠢的；荒唐的例What an absurd proposal! 多荒唐的提议啊！It was absurd of you to suggest such a thing. 你居然建议这样的事，太可笑了。abundant a.丰富的

9、；充足的【搭】be abundant in 有丰富的, 有大量的例The agricultural commodities are abundant this year. 今年的农产品很丰富。Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here. 我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。abuse v.滥用；谩骂n.滥用；谩骂，毁谤例Its easy to abuse ones power. 人容易滥用权力。 The government ha

10、s set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse. 政府已成立工作组调查滥用毒品的问题。academic a.学院的；学术的，教学的例She already has good academic qualifications under her belt. 她已获得良好学历。 Computer science is now a fullydeveloped academic subject. 计算机科学目前已是一门成熟的学科。accelerate v.加速；促进例The leader is losing ground

11、as the rest of the runners accelerate. 领先者在其余赛跑者加速时就逐渐失去了优势。 The government have made some policies that will accelerate the development of manufacturing industry政府已经制定了一些加快制造业开展的政策。accentn.腔调，口音；重音例Where are you from? I cant recognize your accent你是哪里人?我听不出你的口音。In the word “today the accent is on th

12、e second syllable. 英语“today一词的重音在第二个音节上。accessn.接近，进入；入口，通路；进入的方法例As her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence. 作为她的私人秘书, 他能接触到她所有的信件。 Every senior citizen has free access to the city park. 每位老年人都可免费进入市立公园。accidentn.事故；意外事件 【搭】by accident 偶然 例Helen had an accident and broke her l

13、eg. 海伦出了事故，折断了腿。 We got back without accident. 我们平安无事地回来了。accidental a.偶然的，意外的例Our meeting was quite accidental. 我们的相遇是很偶然的。accommodate v.留宿，收容；供给，供给；容纳 例The bank is accommodating its customers more than it used to. 这家银行现在给客户贷款比以前多了。 The cottage could accommodate up to four people. 这间小屋最多能容纳4个人。acco

14、mmodationn.居住设施例This hotel has accommodation for 500 guests. 这家旅馆能接待500位客人。 We offer help in finding accommodations. 我们提供代客人预订旅馆住宿的效劳。accompany v.陪伴，陪同；伴奏例Her husband accompanied her to every place of interest. 她的丈夫陪伴她到各个旅游胜地旅游。 The pianist accompanied the singer. 钢琴家替歌唱者伴奏。accomplish v.完成，实现【辨】acco

15、mplish, complete, finish和fulfill。这几个词都有“完成的意思。accomplish有“成功地完成某事的意思，后常接的宾语有aim，task。complete所完成的事较accomplish的具体，有“补足缺少的局部使之完整或圆满的含义，尤指建筑工程的竣工、文艺作品的完成等。 finish强调“结束，通常指日常事务的完成。fulfill多指完成制定的目标、任务、理想等，有“实现的含义。例We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once. 我们不能指望同时完成两件工作。The delegation tried to a

16、rrange a peace，but accomplished nothing代表团试图调停以实现和平，但是却未能成功。accountn.账户；记述，描述，报告 v.说明的原因【搭】account for说明的原因on account of为了的缘由；因为，由于take into account 把考虑进去例Id like to open an account. 我想开个户头。The newspaper carries an exciting account of the match该报纸刊载了这场比赛的精彩报道。accumulate v.积累，积蓄；堆积【辨】accumulate, gath

17、er和collect。accumulate表示“积累，聚集，指经过一段时间连续不断收集而使之愈来愈多，但并非有强烈的意图：Ive accumulated quite a lot of rare books over the years我多年来收集了相当多的珍贵书籍。gather与collect均表示“收集，有时可互换。如：gathercollect leaves收集叶子。但collect常指有目的、有方案或按一定的要求进行收集，而gather没有这层含义。如：collect books表示按内容或顺序收集书籍，而gather books那么只表示把散着的书收好。例As the evidence

18、 began to accumulate, the experts felt obliged to investigate. 当证据日趋增多时，专家们感到有必要进行调查。 Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly. 房屋不经常清扫，尘土很快就会越积越多。accurate a.精确的，准确的例We might have a free press, but that doesnt mean all reporting is true and accurate. 我们即使有新闻自由，也并不意味着一切报道都真实可

19、信、准确无误。The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records. 经理让办公室职员认识到做精确记录的重要性。accuse v.控告，谴责【搭】accuse sb. of doing sth. 指控某人做了某事【辨】accuse和charge。accuse 所表达的“指控，控告，非难比较直接和锋利，但指控对方的事不一定很严重，有时可与charge通用，但accuse通常的搭配为accuse sb. of sth.如：She accused him of theft. 她控告他行

20、窃。charge 表示“指控，控告，一般用于较严重的错误或罪行，常用结构为 charge sb. with sth.，如：He was charged with murder.他被指控犯有谋杀罪。例He accused the man of having committed a crime. 他指控那个人有罪。 Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes. 人类常把自身的不幸归罪于天。accustom v.使习惯【搭】be accustomed to doing sth. 例He soon gets accustom to dormitor

21、y life and make two or three friends. 他不久就逐渐习惯了宿舍的生活并交了两三个朋友。 He had to accustom himself to the cold weather. 他不得不使自己习惯于寒冷的天气。You must accustom yourself to getting up early. 你必须使自己习惯于早起。actn.行为，做事 v.扮演，行动，起作用【搭】act as 充当；担任 act on 按照行事 例It is an act of kindness to help a blind man across the street.

22、 帮助盲人过马路是一种好事。 He thought for a long time before he acted. 他考虑了很久才行动。acidn.酸 a.酸的；酸性的例I am doing an experiment of neutralizing acid. 我在做一个中和酸的实验。Acids react with bases to form salts. 酸与碱反响生成盐。acquaint v.使认识，使了解【搭】acquaint oneself with熟悉，通晓 acquaint sb. with. 把告诉某人 例Please acquaint him with my arriva

23、l. 请通知他我到了。 I am acquainted with her. 我认识她。acquaintancen.熟人；相识；熟悉【搭】make sb. acquaintance 与某人相识例I have never made his acquaintance. 我与他素昧平生。 He is my acquaintance.他是我的熟人。I have a slight acquaintance with Japanese. 我略通日文。acquire v.取得，获得；学到【辨】acquire, attain, earn, gain, get, obtain和win。这几个词都有“取得，获得的意

24、思。acquire表示依靠自己的能力、努力或行动而得到技能、知识等较抽象的东西。attain指通过长期的努力到达一定的目的、结果。earn强调所获得的东西是应得的，它可以指赚得钱财等物质利益，也可指因自己的成就、行为等得到非物质性的东西。gain尤指获得有用的或需要的东西，语义比obtain强，表示需付出更大的努力才能获得。get为最普通的用语，可用于各种情况。obtain较为正式，表示经过相当长的时间或通过很大的努力才获得期望已久的东西，含有“成为某物的主人的意思。win“赢得，指通过竞争、努力、坚持等得到某物。例How did he acquire his wealth? 他的财富是怎样得

25、来的？ The collector has acquired a fine collection of impressionist paintings. 这位收藏家收集到了大量印象派绘画。actionn.行动，行为；动作，活动；作用【辨】act和action。act指具体的动作或行为，而action指抽象、概括的动作或行为，如：in the act of learning在学习过程中take action采取行动；当action被用作单数可数名词时，可与act互换。如：a kind actaction友好的行为。在机械、物理及其他科学领域中一般用action，不用act。例 The actio

26、n lasted three hours. 战斗持续了三个小时。The action took place in a seaside village. 这个故事发生在海边的一个渔村里。Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于空谈。adapt v.适合；改编，改写【搭】adapt to适应例He tried hard to adapt himself to the new conditions. 他努力使自己适应新的情况。The author is going to adapt his play for television. 作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。Ad

27、apt or perish is Natures inexorable imperative. 适者生存，不适者灭亡，这是自然界永不变更的规律。 additionn.加，加法；附加物【搭】in addition 另外；还 in addition to此外例In addition to giving a general introduction to computer, the course also provides practical experience. 该课程除了介绍一般电脑知识外，还提供实际操作的时机。additional a.附加的，另外的例You should know the

28、additional responsibilities that are incidental to the job. 你该知道做这项工作要承当额外责任。 He had to pay some additional charges. 他不得不付些附加费。adequate a.足够的，充分的；符合要求的例Our bodies need adequate nutrition. 我们的身体需要充足的营养。 And last but not least there is the question of adequate funding. 最后同样重要的是要有足够的资金的问题。adhere v.黏附；遵

29、守;坚持例There were several pages that adhered to each other. 有几页书粘连在一起了。 They adhered to the contract. 他们遵守了合同。adjust v.调节，校正； (使) 适应【搭】adjust oneself to. 使自己适应于例Over the years, we all learned to become more comfortable with each other, and to adapt to our new family arrangement. 年复一年，我们都学会了彼此宽容，学会了适应我

30、们新的家庭规那么。 This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need. 这种书桌的上下可以按照你的需要调节。administrationn.管理，经营；行政部门；政府 例She has been looking after the daytoday administration. 她一直在照管日常的行政工作. The company developed rapidly under his administration. 在他的管理下，公司开展得很快。adopt v.采用，采纳；收养 例We should adopt the con

31、sumers suggestion. 我们应该接受用户的建议。 Most countries adopt metric system. 大多数国家采用米制。advisern.参谋例He became her senior adviserher deputy, if you will. 他成了她的高级参谋你要说是她的副手也未尝不可。 Professor Smith served as special adviser to the President. 史密斯教授曾做过总统的特别参谋。 affectionn.爱，慈祥例He gave me a necklace as a symbol of his affection. 他送给我一条项链作为爱情的象征。 Every mother has affection for her children. 每个母亲都爱她的孩子。afterwardsad.后来，以后例His heart stopped beating and he died soon afterwards. 他心脏停止了跳动, 随即就死亡了。We saw the play sepa