六年级语法重点归纳.docx

1、六年级语法重点归纳 六年级总复习语法重点归纳一、 动词原形。1.can/cant +动原 如： I can play basketball. I cant sing the song. 情态动词后加动原。情态动词有 can should may must2.Do/Does+ +动原 如：Do you play the violin? Does she do housework? Did + +动原 如：Did you go to the farm last week? 3.dont/doesnt +动原 如：We dont work on Sundays. He doesnt go to sc

2、hool. didnt + +动原 如：We didnt see a film yesterday.4.主（非三单） +动原 如：I go to school every day.5.Lets +动原 如： Lets do some exercise. Let+人称宾格+动原 6.Shall we +动原 如： Shall we watch TV?7.祈使句把动原放句首 如：Touch your feet with your fingers. 8.help +动原 如：Trees help keep the air clean.二、 动词ing 形式1. 拿到题目一定要先判断时态，（时间关键词

3、now/look/listen）They are singing now. 表明现在几点了如：Its 2 oclock, We are having a PE lesson now.具体情境如： Dont sing loudly,my father is sleeping. Where is Liu Tao? He is reading in the library. We cant help you, we are having an English lesson.现在进行时 主+be+动ing 肯定句式：主语+be+动ing+其他 She is singing in the music r

4、oom now.否定句式：主语+be+not+动ing+其他 She isnt singing in the music room now.一般疑问句：be+主语+动ing+其他 Is she singing in the music room now? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+动ing+其他 What is she doing in the music room? 动词ing形式即现在分词的构成：情况构成方法例词一般情况加-ing jump-jumping; see- seeing eat-eating play-playing

5、 draw-drawing以不发音的e结尾去e加-ing take-taking; skate-skating; 以重读闭音节结尾、末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加-ingget-getting; jog-jogging; run-running; stop-stopping; sit-sitting; put-putting; swim-swimming; shop-shopping; 2. like/love + 动ing 如： I like collecting stamps.3. go + 动ing 如： She often goes climbing.4.how about +

6、 动ing 如：How about going to the cinema? 介词后 + 动inglearn about 学习关于. 后面加动词的ing形式 如：Ill learn about cooking on the Internet.5.特殊句型： do all the cooking and cleaning6.No+动ing 如：It means No smoking.7.start+动ing 如：He starts drawing.8.be good at 善于 后面加名词或动名词(动词ing)。Jim is good at English.We are good at play

7、ing football.三、 to +动原1.would(d) like +to + 动原 如：Id like to visit Shanghai.2.want +to + 动原 如： I want to buy things for the party.3.forget +to + 动原 如：I forget to close the door.4.need +to + 动原 如：we need to clean the library.5.time +to + 动原 如：Its time to have lunch.6.how +to + 动原 如：How to make a model

8、 plane?7.be happy +to + 动原 如：We are happy to see each other8. be sorry +to + 动原 如：Im sorry to hear that.9.try +to + 动原 如：They try to follow the orders.10. be glad +to + 动原 如：I am glad to see you.11,have+to+动原 如：We have to start the story again.12.be nice +to+动原 如：It was nice to get your email.13.can

9、t wait to do,意思为迫不及待的去做某事。四、 拿到题目先判断时态。当有on Sundays/ (星期) in the evenings/ in the afternoons/ in the mornings /often/usually/ every /sometimes/ from Monday to Friday/always/ like代表喜欢/ have表示有。的时候表示一般现在时态。一般现在时（1）定义：表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作，表示主语具备的能力等。（2）时间状语：always, often, usually, sometimes, every day(

10、 week), on Sundays( Mondays) 等。（3）结构：肯定句：主语+be动词+其他 She is an English teacher.主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他 I often get up at six.主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数+其他 My father usually goes to work by car.否定句：主语+be动词+not+其他 She isnt an English teacher.主语（非第三人称单数）+dont+动词原形+其他 I dont often get up at six.主语（第三人称单数）+doesnt +动

11、词原形+其他 My father doesnt usually go to work by car.一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+其他 Is she an English teacher? Yes, she is / No, she isnt.Do+主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他Do you often get up at six? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.Does+主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他Does your father usually go to work by car? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.（4）动三单的变

12、化规则：情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加s清辅音后读/s/浊辅音和元音后读/z/like-likes swim-swims以s,x, ch,sh结尾加es读/iz/wash-washes teach-teacheswatch-watches catch-catches以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i，再加es读/iz/study-studies fly- flies以元音字母+y结尾直接在y后加s就可以了。如：buy-buys主（非三单） +动原 如：I go to school every day.主（三单）即一个人或者一个东西。 把人称转化成 he she it + 动（s/es）Yang Lin

13、g likes going shopping注意：1.以chsh结尾加es.如：catches/ watches/washes/teaches/touches 2.以y结尾的，当倒数第二个字母是辅音字母的，变y为ies.如：studies 3.特殊的 has/ goes/does 五、一般过去时当时间状语为：ago, just now, yesterday, last, on Monday, this, in 1999，one day有时也可以表达过去时，from then on一般也用于过去时，the next day也常用于过去时等。一般过去时的句子结构: 肯定句式：主语+动词过去式+其他

14、 主语+was/were+其他 否定句式：主语+didnt+动词原形+其他 主语+was/were+not+其他 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 Was/Were+主语+其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did/ Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语+didnt./ No, 主语+wasnt/werent. 特殊疑问句：疑问词(what, where, when, why, how等)+did+主语+动词原形+其他 疑问词(what, where, when, why, how等)+was/were+主语+其他Be动词：肯定句：主语+was / were+ 其他 I

15、 was at home yesterday.The children were in the playground just now.否定句：主语+wasnt/ werent +其他 I wasnt at home yesterday.The children werent in the playground just now.一般疑问句：Was/ Were +主语+其他Were you at home yesterday? Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt.Were the children in the playground just now? Yes, they we

16、re. / No, they werent.行为动词：肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 Nancy did housework last weekend.否定句：主语didnt+动原+其他 Nancy didnt do housework last weekend.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动原 Did Nancy do housework last weekend?动词过去式变化规则： 动词过去式结尾ed的发音：一般情况直接加-ed以清辅音（除/t/）结尾读作/t/。如，watched，washed，liked，danced等。以浊辅音和元音（除/d/）结尾读作/d/。如，lived，wat

17、ered，showed，turned等。以/t/和/d/结尾的读作/id/。如，visited，shouted，pointed，needed等。以不发音的字母e结尾加d，如：like-liked 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 不规则动词的变化，要逐一熟记： am, is -was, are-were, do-did, go-went, have/hashad, eatate, get -got ，drink-drank, fly-flew, come-came, make-made, get-got, sit-sat, see-saw, me

18、et-met, take-took, become-became, buy-bought, bring-brought, wear-wore， meet-met， tell-told，stop-stopped，, write-wrote,read-read，say-said,become-became,lose-lost, can-could,find-found,catch-caught.原形过去式原形过去式makemadeseesawgetgotsaysaidletletbecomebecamewake唤醒wokebite咬bit六、一般将来时态解析a.定义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或

19、存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow（）, next week( month, year), this(afternoon, evening, weekend ) soon,some day,等。b.句型结构：be going to动词原形 will +动词原形 例句：I am going to buy some new clothes and food .我将要去买一些新衣服和食物。肯定句：主语+ be going to do 如：I am going to play football tomorrow.否定句：主语+ be not g

20、oing to do 如：I am not going to play football tomorrow.一般疑问句：Be +主语+ going to do 如:Are you going to play football tomorrow? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+ going to do 注意点：come ,go可以用现在进行时表示一般将来时。例句：The bus is coming soon.(公共汽车一会就来了。) Where are you going? (你将要去哪里？)C. be going +to +动原 表示将要做某事 be going +to +地点 表示将要去

21、某个地方My brother is going to pick apples on the farm next weekend. 1 2 3 4 1. Who is going to pick apples on the farm next weekend?2. What is your brother going to do on the farm next weekend?3. What is your brother going to pick on the farm next weekend?4. Where is your brother going to pick apples n

22、ext weekend?一般将来时的特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首，后接一般疑问句（就主语提问时，以疑问词who 开头的疑问词除外）例如：Who is going to bring drinks for the party? Helen isWhos going to buy snacks and drinks for the party? Wang Bing is. When are they going to meet? At half past three. Where are you going to have the party? At Mikes house.

23、Whens the party going to begin/start? At one oclock.Whens it going to end? At five.Whats Helen going to do for the party? She is going to play piano.Whats Mike going to bring to the party? He is going to bring some flowers.will的用法 will+动词原形=be going to+动词原形，构成一般将来时。表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用

24、。如：tomorrow, next month( week, year), soon, this afternoon, this evening等。例：Ill play football tomorrow.=Im going to play football tomorrow.人称+will的缩略形式和完整形式： 缩略形式完整形式缩略形式完整形式IllI willhellhe willyoullyou willshellshe willwellwe willtheyllthey willWill you go to Beijing by plane? 你乘飞机去北京吗？ No, I wont.

25、 不。 这是一般将来时的一般疑问句，句中的wont是will not的缩略形式。will= be going to，都可以构成一般将来时 一般疑问句： Will+主语+ 动词原形+? Will she visit her aunt and uncle? Yes, she will. / No, she wont.注意： wont= will not特殊疑问句： 疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+?Where will she go? 她将要去哪里 What will she do there? 她将在那里做什么？ When will she go? 她将什么时候去？ How long will

26、 she stay there? 她将在那里待多久？六、名词名词复数：like +名词复数如：I like insects. How many +名词复数如：How many trees are there in the garden? 种类表示复数 如： catch +名词复数如：I often catch insects.different +名词复数如：We are from different cities.在一般现在时的时态里 on +星期复数 如 She often surf the Internet on Fridays.可数名词前有some/many/lots of /thes

27、e/those/大于2的数词后面也是名词的复数名词的复数形式：1.直接在名词后加S。2.以s/es/ch/sh/x结尾的名词后加es.如：boxes watches buses 3.以辅音字母加y结尾，。把y变成ies.如studystudies hobbyhobbies librarylibraries butterfly-butterfliescitycities country countries 以元音字母加y结尾，。不要把y变成ies.直接在y后加s如 boy-boys toy -toys day-days holiday-holidays名词单数 every +名词单数 如： ev

28、ery week every Friday.mango-mangoes potato-potatoes tomato- tomatoes这三个以有生命的字母o结尾的单词，复数形式是在末尾加上es.表示数量的限定词：some,a lot of, a few,a little,many,much some,a lot of既可以修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。（还有any, lots of） 如：There are some/a lot of eggs in the fridge. There is some/a lot of milk in the fridge. a few 和a littl

29、e是同义词，它们的区别： a few的意思是“几个”，与可数名词连用。如：There are a few eggs in the fridge. a little表示“一点儿”，与不可数名词连用。如：There is a little milk in the fridge. many 和much都表示“许多”，它们的区别： many与可数名词连用。如：There are many eggs in the fridge. much与不可数名词连用。如：There is much milk in the fridge.常见的不可数名词的食品归纳： bread, meat, rice, chocol

30、ate, milk, juice, tea, coffee, water, fruit, food【不可数名词】六液体：water，milk, juice, coffee, tea, cola 五食物：bread，rice, food，meat肉，fruit 五资源：coal，oil，energy, plastic, woodsweet名词：糖果；如：like sweets 形容词：甜的；如：sweet food有关职业的单词worker 工人 teacher教师 farmer农夫 driver驾驶员waiter 服务员 waitress女服务员 cook厨师 doctor医生nurse 护士 engineer工程师 policeman 警察 policewoman女警察traveller旅行者artist艺术家 pianist 钢琴家 scientist科学家 dentist 牙医 astronaut宇航员 dancer舞者 player运动员 writer作家 七、形容词+名词 （“姓名”结构）如：She is a beautiful girl. He is a good student.动词+ 副词 （“豆腐”结构）如：She dances beautifully. He studies well.副词一般是在形容词后加ly