tools.docx

1、toolsChapter 9 Tools and HoldersMilling ToolsMilling tools can be standard APT 7 parameter based tools or special form profile tools. They are explained in the following sections.Standard APT 7 parameter toolsMost milling tools can be defined by the industry standard APT 7 parameters. The parameters

2、 are:1: Diameter2: Corner Radius (Fillet radius)3: Height (Height of the cutting portion/ Flute length)4: Bottom angle (Alpha angle)5: Side angle (Beta angle)6: E length (X distance from center line to center of corner radius)7: F length (Y distance from center line to center of corner radius)Please

3、 refer to the following illustration. The E & F lengths are optional, since they can be computed automatically. In some cases, the E & F lengths may be modified to create unconventional tool shapes. Some of the standard tools can be defined as follows:Flat End Mill Diameter 0 Height 0 Corner Radius

4、& other angles = 0 Radius End Mill Diameter 0 Height 0 Corner Radius 0 0 Corner Radius = Dia /2 Height 0 All other parameters = 0 Drills Diameter 0 Height 0 Bottom/Alpha angle 0Corner radius, Side/beta angle = 0 Tapered Ball Endmill Diameter 0Corner Radius = Dia/2 Side Angle 0 Height 0 Bottom/alpha

5、angle Other parameters = 0Special form tools for millingVirtual Controller supports special form tools that are not covered by standard APT 7 parameters. Users can define any 2d profile as a tool shape. Virtual Controller will automatically revolve the shape to create the tool. The form tool profile

6、s are stored in the TOOLS.LIB file in the current working directory. This file is a simple ASCII text file that can be edited by any text editor.Here are some guidelines and rules to follow while creating form tool profiles: Describe each form tool as a series of closed loops, each of which must be

7、convex. A concave shape must be described as a series of convex shapes. Concave arcs should NOT be used. Each tool description consists of a name statement followed by one or more loops, each of which can consist of several coordinate statements. Description of a loop ends when the coordinates of it

8、s first point are repeated. You may add blank lines or comments anywhere within a file A name statement will contain the name of the tool and may optionally be followed by X and Y offsets for the tool holder, e.g.:SampleTool_1 Each coordinate statement is of one of these forms:point x y arc xc yc r

9、Line segments are implicitly described by two points in a row. Each arc statement MUST be preceded and followed by point statements. Each arc must be less than 180 degrees. Each loop may be either clockwise or counterclockwise. The origin of a form tools profile is mapped to the CL point. If a holde

10、r is used with a form tool, its origin is also mapped to the CL point after being offset by the X and Y offsets on the tools name statement.An example form tool:MillingFormTool1 point 0 0 arc 0 .375 .375 point .375 .375 point .375 1 arc 1.375 1 1 point 1.375 2 arc 1.375 2.75 .75 point 2.125 2.75 arc

11、 1.375 2.75 .75 point 1.375 3.5 point .75 3.5 point .75 6 point 0 6Turning ToolsVirtual Controller supports standard turning inserts and special form inserts. Standard turning insert toolsThe standard turning inserts are: Diamond, Square, Triangle, Groove, Circle. They are explained below. The param

12、eters are: Nose Radius: Radius of the tip of the insert Included Angle: The included angle at the nose tip Inscribed diameter: Inscribed circle diameter (IC Dia) Mounting Angle: The angle between X axis & Insert center (CCW is + towards X axis; CW is - away from X axis) SquareInscribed Circle = dNos

13、e Radius = rIncluded Angle = 90TringleInscribed Circle = dNose Radius = rIncluded Angle = 60DiamondInscribed Circle = dNose Radius = rIncluded Angle = 35DiamondInscribed Circle = dNose Radius = rIncluded Angle = 80DiamondInscribed Circle = dNose Radius = rIncluded Angle = 55CircleDiameter = dSpecial

14、 form tool inserts for turningVirtual Controller supports special form inserts for turning that are not covered by the standard inserts. Users can define any 2d profile as a tool insert. The form tool profiles are stored in TOOLS.LIB file in the current working directory. This file is a simple ASCII

15、 text file and can be edited by any editor. The format for creating form turning tools profiles are identical to that of form milling tools. Please referrer to the section Special form tools for milling in this chapter for more details.Insert & Holder ThicknessThe inserts and turning holders can be

16、assigned a fixed thickness for visualization and solid collision checking purposes. The insert and holder thickness values can be set in the Misc. information page in the System Defaults dialog box under the Options menu.HoldersVirtual Controller supports holders along with tools. Users can define a

17、 milling or turning holder as a general profile. These profiles are stored in the HOLDER.LIB file in the current working directory. This file is an ASCII text file and can be edited by any text editor. Milling HolderHere are some guidelines and rules to follow while creating milling holder profiles:

18、 Describe each holder as a series of closed loops, each of which must be convex. A concave shape must be described as a series of convex shapes. Concave arcs should NOT be used. Each tool description consists of a name statement followed by one or more loops, each of which can consist of several coo

19、rdinate statements. Description of a loop ends when the coordinates of its first point are repeated. You may add blank lines or comments anywhere within a file A name statement will contain the name of the holder and may optionally be followed by X and Y offsets for the tool holder, e.g.:SampleTool_

20、1 Each coordinate statement is of one of these forms:point x y arc xc yc r Line segments are implicitly described by two points in a row. Each arc statement MUST be preceded and followed by point statements. Each arc must be less than 180 degrees. Each loop may be either clockwise or counterclockwis

21、e. The origin of a form tools profile is mapped to the CL point. If a holder is used with a form tool, its origin is also mapped to the CL point after being offset by the X and Y offsets on the tools name statement.Example Milling Holder:SimpleHolder1 Point 0.000 0.000 Point 1.0 0.0 Point 1.0 1.5 Po

22、int 1.5 1.5 Point 1.5 2.0 Point 1.0 2.0 Point 0.25 5.0 Point 0.0 5.0Turning HolderTurning holders work the same way as the milling holders. They are also 2d profiles that are swept instead of revolved as in milling holders. The definition of 2d profile of the turning holder is the same as that of th

23、e milling holder. Please refer to the section on Milling Holders for the rules and guidelines. The turning holders can be assigned a fixed thickness for visualization and solid collision checking purposes. These holder thickness can be set in the Misc. information page in the System Defaults dialog

24、box under the Options menu, Example Turning holder:TurningHolder2 Point -0.050 -0.200 Point 0.700 -0.200 Point 1.450 0.550 Point 1.450 4.800 Point -0.050 4.800 Point -0.050 -0.200Tool Definition in APT-CL filesMilling ToolsAll milling APT 7 parameters based tools are defined by: CUTTER / Example: CU

25、TTER / 0.5, 0, 0.25, 0, 0, 0, 3.0Form tools can be defined by PPRINT / FORM Turning ToolsAll turning tool statements are defined as follows:PPRINT / TURN DIAMOND r icd na maPPRINT / TURN CIRCLE icdPPRINT / TURN SQUARE r icd maPPRINT / TURN TRIANGLE r icd maPPRINT / TURN GROOVE r w lPPRINT / TURN FOR

26、M where: r - nose radiusicd - inscribed circle diameterna - nose angle/ corner anglema - mounting angle: degrees counterclockwise the nose is rotated away from pointing directly inwardw - widthl - lengthExample:PPRINT / TURN DIAMOND 0.03125 0.25 55 10CUTTER / or PPRINT / TURN statements should prece

27、de all GOTO statements. Milling and turning can be intermixed in the same input file for a given setup or operation.General InformationInch & Metric form tools & holdersBoth and Inch and Metric tools are available in the tools and holder libraries. Users can add more tools and holders to the TOOLS.L

28、IB and HOLDER.LIB data files. Tool Set Length Tool set length is the total length of the tool from the tool tip to spindle face. This information is necessary for NC G code files for 4 & 5 axis milling machines with rotary axis (A, B, C) on the head. You can enter the tool set length information in

29、the Tool List dialog. To invoke the Tool List dialog select Edit Tool List from the Tools menu.Default Tool dimensionsUsers can set the default tool information (such as min diameter, max height etc.) in the tool defaults dialog. When a toolpath file is read, all tool dimensions are verified against

30、 the default tool information.Turning ToolsAll turning tool statements are defined as follows:PPRINT / TURN DIAMOND r icd na maPPRINT / TURN CIRCLE icdPPRINT / TURN SQUARE r icd maPPRINT / TURN TRIANGLE r icd maPPRINT / TURN GROOVE r w lPPRINT / TURN FORM where: r - nose radiusicd - inscribed circle diameterna - nose angle/ corner anglema - mounting angle: degrees counterclockwise the nose is rotated away from pointing directly inwardw - widthl - lengthExample:PPRINT / TURN DIAMOND 0.03125 0.25 55 10CUTTER / or PPRINT / TURN statements should precede all G