15初三英语.docx

1、15初三英语 老师蓝冰科目英语学生 胡敬成年级初三就读学校七中学习顾问 专题四 数词数词是中考必考的一个语法点，基数词，序数词，分数一、 数词的分类 数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。1. 基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下：A从110： one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，tenB. 从11-19： eleven，twelve，thirteen， fourteen， fifteen，sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen这里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen，

2、eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。C从 2199：整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-sixD百位数：1-9基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and101 a hundred and one 320 three hund

3、red and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eightE千位数以上：从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加 thousand，第二个“，”前面的数字后添加 million，第三个“，”前的数字后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。1）2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight。2) 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four。

4、3) 5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-fourF基数词在表示确切的数字时，要用百、千、百万、十亿的单数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，则以复数形式出现。four hundred boys There are hundreds of people in the hallThey went to the theatre in twos and threes

5、注：several+ hundred/thousand/million /billion+复数名词eg：There are several hundred students.G表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。表年龄: in ones + 整十的复数,表示在某人几十岁时 He became a professor in his thirties他三十多岁时成为了教授在他四十岁时: _ 表示年代: in the + 年份的复数,在几世纪几十年代. It was in the 1960s H基数词的句法功能基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。The two happily

6、 opened the box（作主语） I need three altogether(作宾语）Four students are playing volleyball outside（作定语） We are sixteen（作表语）They three tried to finish the task before sunset（作同位语）2. 序数词:表示顺序的词称为序数词。序数词的主要形式：A从第一至第十九：其中，one first， two second， three third， five fifth，eighteighth，nineninth，twelve twelfth为特殊形

7、式，其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如： six sixth、nineteen nineteenthB从第二十至第九十九：整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i，再加“eth”构成。twentytwentieth thirtythirtieth 第四十 第五十 表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六 seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九C第一百以上的多位序数词：由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hun

8、dred and twenty-first 第一百二十一；one thousand，three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十D.序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。firstlst second2nd third3rd fourth4th sixth6th twentieth20th twenty-third23rd注：lst，2nd，3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。E序数词的句法功能：序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。The second is what I really need（作主语） He choose the secon

9、d（作宾语）We are to carry out the first plan.（作定语） She is the second in our class（作表语）序数词前常要加定冠词 the；但若序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再一”“又一”。 Weve tried it three timesMust we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三遍了还必须试一次（第四次）吗？表编号 结构:名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词 = the +序数词 +名词Lesson One = the first lesson the fifth page=Page 5（five）

10、 the twenty-first room=Room 21（twenty-one）二、时刻表示法1. 表示几点钟用基数词可以加oclock,也可省略：5:00 读作 five oclock 或 five2. 表示几点过几分，在分钟后加past，再加小时 eg: five past seven 七点过五分 half past six 六点半 a quarter past eight 八点过一刻3. 表示几点差几分，在分钟后面加to，再加小时 ten to eight 差十分八点（七点五十分） a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二点（十一点四十五分）差二十分六点 4.在日常生活中，

11、 以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字： 读作 ten twenty-six 14:03 读作 fourteen o three 18:30 读作 eighteen thirty 23:55 读作 注：时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法，这样就不需要用a.m.表上午，p.m.表下午了。三、年月表示法1.年代用定冠词+基数词+十位整数的所有格或复数形式构成in the 1930s/in the 1930s（in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties）在二十世纪三十年代；在十九世纪六十年代 2. 表示某年代的早期

12、、中期和晚期，可以在定冠词后，年代前添加 early，mid-，latein the early 1920s 在二十世纪二十年代早期 in the mid-1950s 在二十世纪五十年代中期3. 年月日表示法A年份用基数词表示，一般为阿拉伯数字：1949 读作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine1800 读作 eighteen hundred 1902 读作 nineteen hundred and two或 nineteen o two表示在哪一年，一般在年数前加介词in，eg: in 2012 在2012年 使用yea

13、r时，year放在数词之前in the year two hundred fifty-three B.C. 在公元前253年B. 月份，在哪个月，用介词in加第一个字母大写的月份词：例如：in May在五月；月份常用缩写形式表示：缩写形式除May，June，July外，其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示，但September除外。JanuaryJan FebruaryFeb MarchMar. AprilApr AugustAug SeptemberSept OctoberOct NovemberNov DecemberDec注：这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略C日期 在具体哪一天要添加介词on。Na

14、tional Day is on Oct. 1.（October first也可以表示为 National Day is on the 1st of October）May 5（th） 五月五日（读作May fifth） 也可以表示为the fifth（5th）of MayMar. 1（st） （读作March first或 the first of March）四、分数表示法.1).结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词 .b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数. 3/4 three fourths或 three quarters 1/3 one third或a third 1/2 a half

15、 = one second 1 1/2 one and a half2).注意:a).当分数后面接可数名词时，如果分数表示的值大于1，名词用复数；1，名词用单数。1 1/2 hours 一个半小时（读作 one and a half hours） 4/5 meter 五分之四米2 3/4 meters 二又四分之三米（读作two and three-fourths meters）b).分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定. Two fifths of the milk _(be ) drunk by Tom . One third of the students _(be )g

16、irls .五 、小数表示法1. 小数用基数词来表示，小数点读作 point，o读作 zero或oou，整数部分为零时，可以省略不读。0.4 zero point four或point four 零点四 10.23 ten point two three 十点二三25.67 twenty-five point six seven 二十五点六七 l.03 one point o three 一点零三2. 当数字值大于1时，小数后面的名词用复数，数字值小于1时，小数后面的名词用单数。1.03 meters 一点零三米 0.49 ton 零点四九吨 l.5 tons 一点五吨六、百分数表示法 : 百

17、分数=基数percent表示 这里的percent不用复数形式。50 fifty percent 3 three percent 0.12 zero point one two percent七、数量表示法1. 表示长、宽、高、面积等： 用基数词+单位词（meter，foot，inch，kilogram等）+ 形容词（long，wide，high等）表示，或者用基数词+单位词 + in + 名词（length， width， height， weight等）表示。two meters long或 two meters in length 2米长 three feet high或 three f

18、eet in height 3英尺高2. 表示温度时，温度=基数词+degree（s）+单位词（centigrade摄氏）表示。thirty-six degrees centigrade或 36（通常单位词可以省略）3. 表示时间、距离时，使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。five minutes walk 步行五分钟（的距离） one kilometers distance 一公里远。4. 数词加名词单数构成的短语，短语中间要用连字符“-”来连接，作定语修饰名词Its a five-minute walk from the library to the playground Shes a s

19、ixteen-year-old girl八、特殊用法 1数词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如： Two months is quite a long timeFour and two is sixWhats two and three？ 2一个半小时（一年半，一个半月可类推）onean hour and a half one and a half hours一，基础练习 ( )1. Lincoln was born on _. A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12( ) 2

20、. A _ boy can sing the English song very well. A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old( ) 3. An hour later, _ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men. A. two B. the second C. the two D. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United S

21、tates. A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us _ ? A. two B. the two C. second D. the second( ) 6. How many students are there in your class? _. A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _. A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. N

22、inth D. Nineteenth( ) 8. The Peoples Liberation Army was founded _. A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _. A.four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B. four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C.four thousand and a

23、 hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _. A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty( ) 11. This classroom is _ ours. A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D.

24、 as big three times as( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third( ) 13. Which is the car that he drives? Its _. A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? _.

25、 A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15. C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students. A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of( ) 16. How many new words are there in _ lesson? There a

26、re only _. A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five( ) 17. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market. A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 1970s( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _. A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk D.

27、 tenth mile walk( ) 19. Today is the first day and _. A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth C. second is Tuesday D. a second is Thursday( ) 20. Which room do you live in? _. A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room( ) 21. How many magazines do you have? I have _. A. two B.

28、 both C. twice D. the second( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _. A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170( ) 23. On May _, _ people traveled round the country. A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions( ) 24. _ of them are di

29、ning at school. A. Twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelve D. the 12th( ) 25. Its 7:17 is read _. A. seven and seventeen B. seven seven C. seven one seven D. seven seventeen( ) 26. Four _ two is two. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 27. Three _ five is eight. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 28. Three _ seven is twenty-one. A. plus B. minus C. times