被动语态详解+例句.docx

1、被动语态详解+例句被动语态详解+例句一、单项选择被动语态1The classroom _ by students every day.Acleans BcleanedCis cleaned Dis cleaning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。2 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman_ to be infected with

2、 the bird flu virus.Aconfirmed Bhad been confirmedCwas confirmed Dhave confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年，当时，一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。Confirm证实，确认，根据was reported in 2014可知，是过去的事情，先行词是2014，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、D；woman与confirm是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选C。考点：考查时态与被动语态3一When shall we start the restoration of the his

3、toric buildings?一Not until our plan_ by the committeeAwill be approved BapprovesCis to approve Dhas been approved【答案】D【解析】这题考查时态语态，our plan和approve是被动关系，用被动，选择A或D。A项是一般将来时，not until引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选D。4Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?Pity he _ to Zimbabwe as a

4、volunteer teacher.Awas sent Bhas been sentChad been sent Dwould be sent【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B选项正确。5The new library _; it will be open next year.Ahad been

5、built Bwas builtCwas being built Dis being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。6Now the worlds attention _ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the worlds economy.Ais fixing on Bis being fixed onChas fixed on Dhad been

6、 fixed on【答案】B【解析】考查时态语态。句意：现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上，因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系，Now提示用现在进行时。7All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.Ashould be; be operated onBwere; must be operated onCbe; was operated onDwas; be operated on【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查ins

7、ist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。考点 : 考查insist的用法8Chinese kites in ancient times _ in the shape of birds.Adesign Bhad designedCwere designed Dhave been designed【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancient times可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去

8、时的被动语态，故选C。9Are the repairs finished yet?Yes, they _ when I came back home.Awould be completed Bwould completeChad completed Dhad been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选D。10Its great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.Atrapped Bhave been

9、 trappedChad trapped Dhad been trapped【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了，这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去，且被困应在被救之前，应用过去完成时；同时，visitors和trap构成被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。11The officer commanded that everyone passing by _ that day.Asearch Bwould be searchedCbe searched Dmust be searched【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查

10、虚拟语气。句意：军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。command后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，（should）+动词原形，此处everyone和search之间是被动关系，故答案为C。12 Can we play basketball in the school gym? No, it _ during the summer holidays.Ais repaired Bis being repairedCwas repaired Dhas been repaired【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：-我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？-不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正

11、在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选B。13You cant move in right now. The house _ now.Ahas painted Bis paintedCis being painted Dis painting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。14Are we about to having dinner?Yes, it _ in the dining room.Aserve Bis servingCis being s

12、erved Dhas been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：我们准备去吃饭吗？是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。15The old man was weak after the accident; so he _ carefully by us.Amust be take care of Bmust take care ofCmust look after Dmust be looked after【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：事故发生后

13、，老人很虚弱；所以他必须由我们仔细照顾。固定词组：take care of/ looked after“照顾”；句子主语he和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态，“情态动词+be +过去分词”。故选D。16People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult _ so long as the whole nation works hard for it.Arealizing Bto be realizedCrealized Dto realize【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国

14、人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do 结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。17My brother and I hav

15、e _her birthday party.Abeen invited Bbeen invited forCinvited to Dbeen invited to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。18 in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.ABeing dressed; pick out BDressed; pic

16、k outCDressed; be picked out DHaving dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着，作状语表状态，故用dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动意思，所以用pick out。故B选项正确。【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1.主语be +adj. +to do。能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tireso

17、me(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。4.不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。I have a meeting to attend today.5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。7

18、.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确19As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes _ into operation nationwide by 2025.Awill have been put Bwill have put Chave been put Dwill be put

19、ting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。20By the end of last year, another new hospital _ in our city.Awould complete Bwould be completedCwas completed Dhad been completed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：去年年底为止，我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有by th

20、e end of表示“到为止”如果后面接过去的时间，句子要用过去完成时。本句中by the end of last year，by后是过去的时间状语，句子要用过去完成时，故选D。【点睛】By表示时间，意为“到.时为止”；该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接by后面是现在的时间，句中就使用现在完成时；如果by后面是过去的时间状语，就使用过去完成时；如果后面是将来的时间，就使用将来完成时。By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到他十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语By 2012the population of this

21、 city will have risen to 20 millon.到2020年，这个城市的人口将增至二千万。By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.当简到家时，她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了21They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.Awill install Bwill have been installed Care i

22、nstalled Dhave been installed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时；“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。22Pity that I havent got a ticket for the concert tonight.It doesnt matter. Im sure it _ on TV.Awill be broadcast Bwill broadcastChas been broadcast Dis broadca

23、sting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：很可惜我没有今晚的音乐会的票。没关系，我相信它会在电视上现场直播的。因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，it代替concert，它与broadcast之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。【点睛】本题难度适中。动词的时态和语态放在一起考查增加了试题的难度，需要考生有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力，必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。如本题中，因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，it代替concert，它与broadcast之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。23I saw Jack in th

24、e lift this morning. He around here for a long time.Awont be seen Bwasnt seenChasnt been seen Dhadnt been seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知，这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知，此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。24Neither Mary nor her parents _ of the exc

25、iting news, which surprises us a lot.Ahas informed Bhave informedChas been informed Dhave been informed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致及语态。句意：玛丽和她的父母都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息，这让我们很吃惊。根据句意可知，此处使用被动语态；neithernor（既不，也不）有就近原则，只看离谓语动词最近的主语，这里her parents是复数，且是被告知，所以用have been informed，故选D项。【点睛】本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。

26、英语中常见的就近原则的词或者短语有：notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, there be句型，whetheror，例如：There is an apple and two bananas.这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。Not only you but also your father likes fishing.不仅你，而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。25This company _ roundly by unionists and social justice groups when it fired a number of workers

27、 for no reason a decade ago.Acondemned Bhas condemned Chas been condemned Dwas condemned【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：十年前，当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时，收到了工会和社会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有明显的时间状语a decade ago十年前，只能跟一般过去时连用。结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以要用被动语态。故选D项。【点睛】解时态题，可以结合句中的时间状语，选择相应的时态。至于语态，则根据句意来判断。比如该题有明显的时间状语a decade ago，这是典型的用一般过去时的

28、标志，结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以必须要用被动语态，所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。26Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.Ais used Bare used Chave used Dhas been used【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意：所有可能的方法都被用来防止空气污染，但天空仍然不明朗。means当名词解释为方法，单复数同型，且every+主语，谓语动词用单数；means与动词use之间是被动关系，根据语境“所有的方法都用了”，应该

29、用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。【点睛】“each/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”等结构作主语当“each/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”或“each/every+单数名词+and+ each/every+单数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶话会。The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。27Beijings new inte

30、rnational airport _ into use in September, 2019, according to the spokesperson.Awas put Bwill putChas put Dwill be put【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：按照发言人所说，北京的新国际机场将在2019年投入使用。根据句意可知，用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选D。考点：考查时态和语态28The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.Ashould have avoided Bshould be avoidedCcould have avoided Dcould have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could hav