中考英语 阅读理解题材Topic 8 天气与自然.docx

1、中考英语 阅读理解题材Topic 8 天气与自然Topic Eight Weather and Nature 天气与自然 话说中考 随着社会经济的快速发展，社会和谐已提上日程，天气与自然环境很快就成为人们关注的话题之一。此类话题多是说明文和议论文。这就要求我们了解说明文和议论文的特点，这样才能对问题进一步地分析和解读，才能自觉地完成命题要求，取得高分。 解题思路：把握该类话题的特征，对所给信息进行归纳整合 走进中考(湖北襄樊2010) Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆)They can happen any time of a day，at any p

2、oint during the yearWhen an earthquake is happening，you should know what you should do or not do Do NOT go outsideYou could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildingsIf you are outside，stay away from buildings and power lines(输电线) Stay under a desk，table，or other strong furnitureHold on to

3、 itOr stay in a corner of the buildingCover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothingStay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside Keep away from windows，pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building，and anything else that could fall and

4、hurt youMost people get injured by falling things during an earthquake，not by the shaking itself Also keep away from a fireYou could fall down and burn yourself on the fire If you are driving when an earthquake happens，stop the car if its safeStay inside your car until the earthquake stops，and dont

5、drive near bridgesTry not to stop by power lines or treesThese could fall and hurt you 阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1It isnt safe for you to _ while the earthquake is happening Arun out of the building Bstay in a corner of the building Ccover your head with your arms Dcover your mouth with a towel ( ) 2Fr

6、om this passage，we know _ Amany people fear earthquakes Bearthquakes maybe happen at any time Cwe cant save ourselves in an earthquake Dpeople never get injured in earthquakes ( ) 3The best title for this passage should be _ AHow Earthquakes Happen BHow to Drive a Car CWhat We Should Do in Earthquak

7、es DWhy Earthquakes Happen 解析 1A BCD 三项在第三段可找到答案；根据第二段内容可知 A 项的做法是不安全的，故正确答案为 A。 2B 根据第一段前两句可知，地震可能随时会发生，故 B 项为正确答案。 3C 通过全文可知本文主要是在介绍发生地震时，我们应该采取哪些措施才能使自己避免受伤，故正确答案为 C。 话题专练一 Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earthWhen some plates of the earth move suddenly，an earthquake happensMany earthquake

8、s begin under the seaThey often happen near the mountains，too During an earthquake，the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack(断裂) openHouses fall，people are killed or hurt，and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes S

9、cientists have studied earthquakes and made maps that show the earthquake beltsIn areas in these belts，its possible for earthquakes to happenIn these areas we should build strong houses to fight against earthquakes In the future，scientists will be able to tell when and where an earthquake will be be

10、fore they happenThey can also tell people what to do and how to do it 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1The reason for an earthquake is _ Athat there are so many plates on the earth Bthat the sea is too deep Crocks cracking open ( ) 2A lot of earthquakes often happens _ Ain the area Bnext to mountains Cat night (

11、 ) 3A map showing the earthquake belts will tell people _ Awhat kind of houses to build Bwhat kind of houses can stay up in an earthquake Cwhere earthquake may happen ( ) 4Which is Not True according to the passage ADuring an earthquake people are killed or hurt BThe scientists can tell when and whe

12、re an earthquake is now Cwe should build strong houses to fight against earthquakes ( ) 5In the future，well be no longer so afraid of earthquakes _ Awith the help of scientists exact prediction Bbecause of a map showing the earthquake beltsCbecause we can guess the date and place of earthquakes答案：1A

13、 根据文章第一段中“When some plates of the earth move suddenly，an earthquake happens可知，地球是由许多板块构成的，板块的移动产生了地震，所以根源在板块。2B 根据短文第一段内容可知，地震常发生在山脉附近。3C 根据短文第三段内容可知，地图将告诉我们地震带常发生地震。4B 根据短文最后一段内容可知，专家预测将来能判定地震发生的时间和地点，而不是现在。5A 根据短文最后一段内容可以推测出专家能预测地震发生的时间和地点，所以我们不必担心将来发生地震。二 Have you ever seen a greenhouse Most gree

14、nhouses look like a small glass house Greenhouses are used to grow plants，especially in winterGreenhouses work by trapping heat from the sun，the glass panels(板) of the greenhouse let light in，but keep heat from escapingThis causes the greenhouse to heat up，much like the inside of the parked in sunli

15、ght，and keeps the plants warm enough to live in winter The earths atmosphere(大气) is all around usIt is the air that we breatheGreenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panels in a greenhouseSunlight enters the Earths atmosphere，passing through the blanket of greenhouse gasesAs it

16、 reaches the Earths surface，land，water，and biosphere(生物圈)，they take up the sunlights energyOnce the heat is taken up，this energy is sent back into the atmosphereSome of the energy passes back into space，but much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases，causing our world to hea

17、t up The greenhouse effect is importantWithout the greenhouse effect，the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to liveBut if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger，it could make the earth warmer than usualEven a little extra warming may bring problems to humans，plants，and animals 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

18、1What are greenhouses used for _ 2Why is the temperature in the greenhouse higher than that outside _ 3What behaves much like the glass panels in a greenhouse _ 4If we didnt have the greenhouse effect，what would happen _ 5What does the article mainly tell us_答案：1They are used for growing plants答案来自第

19、二段的第一句。2根据短文第二段中温室效应的工作原理可知，答案是 Because the glass panels of the greenhouse can let light in，and keep heat from escaping3根据短文第三段的“much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases”可知，温室塑料板的作用像空中大气层的作用，即答案是 Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere4根据最后一段内容可知，如果没有大气层的温室效应，人类就不能生存，即答案为 Huma

20、ns couldnt live because the earth would not be warm enough5根据全文内容可知，主要是温室效应及对人类的影响，所以答案为 It mainly tells us what the greenhouse effect is and its influence三 No one can change the weatherBut if read the signs correctly around us，we can know how the weather will beThis way of telling what the weather

21、will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecastingFor many centuries and in all countries，people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecastingRings around the sun are a sign of coming rainMany people feel in their bones the coming of wet weatherTheir joints(关节) a

22、cheSome birds fly high if the fine weather is coming，but they fly near ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the wayIt is probably because of the insects which they are hunting fly lowIf you see a rainbow during rainy weather，this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fineSuch rainbows

23、come in the eveningIf the stars twinkle clearly at night，then fine weather will continueIf a fog appears in the evening just above a river，then the day will be warmIf the sunset is mostly red in color，then the morning，rainy weather will probably comeMost of the above sayings have been made by the pe

24、ople who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1Peoples joints ache _ Ais a sign of coming rain Bbecause they are ill Cwithout any reason Dbecause of the insects ( ) 2Which is true about weather forecasting AWeather forecasting is a report about the weather o

25、n the following day or two BWeather forecasting is a way of telling what the weather will be like CPeople can change the weather forecasting DWeather forecasting is a sign of coming rain ( ) 3The birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly is a sign that the weather will _ Abe rainy Bbe warm Cconti

26、nue clear and fine Dbe cold ( ) 4A rainbow during rainy weather is a _ of the fine weather Asign Bway Cmethod Droad ( ) 5We must _ to make weather forecasting Ause our eyes and brains Bstudy the weather hard Cread the weather hardDall of the above答案：1A 根据短文 Many people feel in their bones the coming

27、 of wet weather可知，人们的一些关节疼痛是雨天来临的标志。2B 根据短文内容可知，天气预报是对未来几天的预测；不是对天气的报道，也不是雨天的标志，即排除 A、D；根据短文第一句可知“人们更不能改变天气”排除 C，所以答案是 B。3C 根据短文中 Some birds fly high if the fine weather is coming，和 If the stars twinkle clearly at night，then fine weather will continue可知，鸟儿飞的高和夜晚星光灿烂是天气晴朗、温度适宜的象征。4A 根据短文中 If you see

28、a rainbow during rainy weather，this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine可知，雨后彩虹是天气晴朗的标志。5D 从整篇文章来看，对天气的了解不仅靠人们的眼睛和大脑，还要继续多观察和研究，所以选 D。四 Green is more than just a colorIt also means taking special steps to protect the environment the water，the land，and the air we breatheWhat can you

29、do Heres one of the guides to being green： Sometimes people call our society a throwaway societyThat means that were a little willing to throw away old things and buy new thingsMany times，even if you no longer need something，someone else just mightFor example，if your baby brother doesnt want his pla

30、stic basketball hoop(篮筐)，why not give it to another family who has a little kid Here are some other ways to reuse the things you have： Use rechargeable(可再充电的) batteries for your laptops，MP3 players，cell phones，and digital cameras Choose reusable travel cups instead of disposable(一次性的) paper or plastic cups Take your own bags when you go to the grocery store Drink tap water instead of buying bottled waterIf you dont like how your tap water tastes，a low-cost filtration(过滤) system could make a