全国通用高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第2课时 高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目练习.docx

1、全国通用高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第2课时 高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目练习（全国通用）2019高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第2课时 高瞻远瞩-锁定主旨大意类题目练习体裁：说明文话题：食品词数：320时间：7(2015安徽卷，E)Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a s

2、pecific meaning，and play a significant role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions. The foods we eatand when and how we eat themare often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread，whether during a special occasi

3、on (时刻) or at the family dinner table，is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread，so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food als

4、o plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States，pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece，people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake，which signifies (预示) success in the New Year

5、for the person who receives it.Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child，and food can play a significant role. In China，when a baby is one month old，families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving redcolored eggs to guests. In many cultures，round foo

6、ds such as grapes，bread，and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life，so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.【语篇解读】该篇介绍了食品作为一种交流的两个基本方面，来说明它是世界各地不同文化的一个重要组成部分。1.According to the p

7、assage，sharing bread_.A.indicates a lack of food B.can help to develop unityC.is a custom unique to rural areasD.has its roots in birthday celebrations答案B考查细节理解。由第一段.can promote unity and trust可知。2.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?A.Trust. B.Success.C.Health.

8、 D.Togetherness.答案B考查细节理解。由第三段signifies (预示).success in the New Year可知。3.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by_.A.using examples B.making comparisonsC.analyzing causes D.describing processes答案A考查推理判断。由第三段可知。4.What is the passage mainly about?A.The custom of sharing food. B.The spec

9、ific meaning of food.C.The role of food in ceremonies.D.The importance of food in culture.答案D考查主旨大意。由最后一段可知。Passage 2体裁：说明文话题：艺术词数：360时间：8(2015重庆卷，E)The values of artistic works，according to cultural relativism(相对主义)，are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.Such a view，however，

10、fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world.It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls，as Japanese pai

11、nter Hiroshige does Paris galleries.Unique works of this kind are different from todays popular art，even if they began as works of popular art.They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.In a 1757 essay，the philosopher David Hume

12、 argued that because“the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature，”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent.He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years.Works of this type，he believed，spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature a

13、nd could continue to exist over centuries.Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art.For example，evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the longlasting themes and plot devices in fiction.The structures of musical pieces are

14、now open to experimental analysis as never before.Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要介绍了艺术作品是永恒受欢迎的，原因是人类的审美具有共同性，并且就此展开说明。5.According to the passage，what do we know about cultural

15、 relativism?A.It introduces different cultural values.B.It explains the history of artistic works.C.It relates artistic values to local conditions.D.It excites the human mind throughout the world.答案C细节推断题。根据文章第一句可知相对主义文化是地方社会和经济状况的反应。故选择C。6.In Paragraph 2，the artists are mentioned in order to show t

16、hat _.A.great works of art can go beyond national boundariesB.history gives art works special appeal to set them apartC.popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great artsD.great artists are skilled at combining various cultures答案A细节推断题。根据第二段列举的三个例子可以看出艺术作品是没有国界的。故选择A。7.According to Hume，some wo

17、rks of art can exist for centuries because _.A.they are results of scientific studyB.they establish some general principles of artC.they are created by the worlds greatest artistsD.they appeal to unchanging features of human nature答案D细节推断题。根据文章第三段第一句the philosopher David Hume argued that because“the

18、 general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature，”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent.可知，选择D。8.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A.Are Artistic Values Universal?B.Are Popular Arts Permanent?C.Is Human Nature Uniform?D.Is Cultural

19、 Relativism Scientific?答案A主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了艺术作品是永恒受欢迎的，因此其价值也是共同的。Passage 3体裁：记叙文话题：人物故事词数：269时间：5(2014新课标全国卷，A)Arriving in Sydney on his own from India，my husband，Rashid，stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay，he went out on

20、e day to do some shopping.He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers，including his passport(护照).He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city，thinking of the

21、 terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.Late in the evening，the phone rang.It was a stranger.He was trying to pronounce my husbands name and was asking him a lot of questions.Then he said they had found a pile of

22、 papers in their trash can(垃圾桶)that had been left out on the footpath.My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents(文件).Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers.Her parents had carefully sorted them out，although

23、 they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents.At last they had seen a halfwritten letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in pe

24、ople.We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者丈夫行李箱中的文件失而复得的事情。通过这件事，作者一家又重新找回了对他人的信任。9.What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?A.Go shopping. B.Find a house.C.Join his family. D.Take a vacation.答案B事实细节题。根据文章第一段中“.stayed in a hotel for a

25、short time while looking for a house for me and our children.”可知作者到达悉尼计划要做的事情就是为“我和孩子”找房子，故B项正确。10.The girls parents got Rashids phone number from _.A.a friend of his familyB.a Sydney policemanC.a letter in his papersD.a stranger in Sydney答案C事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二段中“At last they had seen a halfwritten lette

26、r in the pile.to a friend.”可知作者的电话号码是从文件中夹的一封信中找到的，故C项正确。11.What does the underlined word“restored”in the last paragraph mean?A.Showed. B.Sent out.C.Delivered. D.Gave back.答案D词义猜测题。文章倒数第二段中讲到小女孩一家努力找到失主的联系方式并把重要文件物归原主。这个善举使作者一家不仅找回了文件，而且重新找回了对人的信任。故D项“归还”正确。A.展示；B.发送；C.递送。12.Which of the following c

27、an be the best title for the text?A.From India to Australia.B.Living in a New Country.C.Turning Trash to Treasure.D.In Search of New Friends.答案C主旨大意题。丈夫丢失的重要文件被丢到了垃圾箱，被一个好心的家庭整理好物归原主，这些别人眼中的垃圾对作者丈夫来说非常珍贵。故C项最能体现文章大意。Passage 4体裁：说明文话题：动物与植物词数：330时间：6(2014上海卷，A)Most people agree that honesty is a good

28、 thing.But does Mother Nature agree? Animals cant talk，but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying，but they do agree that many animals，from birds to chimpanzees，behave dishonestly to fool other animals.Why? Dishonesty often helps

29、them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals.For example，a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young.When a predator (猎食动物) gets close to its nest，the plover leads the predator away from the nest.How? It pretends to have a bro

30、ken wing.The predator follows the“hurt” adult，leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird，the scrub jay，buries its food so it always has something to eat.Scrub jays are also thieves.They watch where others bury their food and steal it.But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief

31、is watching them.So they go back later，unbury the food，and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work.How? They dont make nests.Instead，they get into other birds nests secretly.Then they lay their eggs and fly away.When the baby birds co

32、me out，their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees，or chimps，can also be sneaky.After a fight，the losing chimp will give its hand to the other.When the winning chimp puts out its hand，too，the chimps are friendly again.But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winners hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways，too.When chimps find