错误辨析冠词.docx

1、错误辨析冠词冠词1今天我值日。误：Im on the duty today. 正：Im on duty today. 简析 on duty，at home，at school，at work，at play等这类表状态的词组，名词前均无冠词。2小汽车在哪里？误：Where is car? 误：Where is a car? 正：Where is the car? 简析 在问话与听话者都知道所指的某物前应加定冠词。3那支笔在汤姆的课桌上。误：That pen is on the Toms desk. 正：That pen is on Toms desk. 简析 可以说on the teacher

2、s desk，in the boys room等，但在Jim，Lucy等人名的前面通常不用定冠词。4我父亲没有手表。误：My father doesnt have watch. 正： My father doesnt have watch. 简析 在英语中，一般的单数可数名词前，若没有形容词性物主代词修饰时，应加不定冠词。5到上床睡觉的时候了。误：Its time to go to the bed. 正：Its time to go to bed. 简析 go to bed，go to school，go to work等固定词组，通常不用冠词。6李雷在哪里？一他在门后面。误：-Where i

3、s Li Lei?-He is behind a door. 正：-Where is Li Lei? -He is behind the door. 简析 句中的door是双方都清楚的“那扇门”，因此，前要用定冠词the，不用不定冠词a。7上课时，孩子们都非常安静。误：In the class the children are all quiet. 正：In class, the children are all quiet. 简析 在 in class，out of class，after class等习惯用语中，class前面不用冠词。8什么时候里德一家吃早饭？误：What time do

4、 Reads have breafast? 正：What time do the Reads have breafast? 简析 the Reads里德一家，在姓的复数前加定冠词the是指一家人。9今早我头痛。误：I had headache this morning. 正：I had a headache this morning. 简析 头痛、发烧、感冒，胃痛这些词组中间应加不定冠词a，如：have a headache(fever，cold，toothache等)10那时以后的第二个星期我见过他。误：I saw him next week. 正：I saw him the next we

5、ek. 简析 next一般用于紧接着“眼前”这一年(月、周等)的下一个，下一次。若表示从过去某时算起的下一个，下一次”时，next前面要用the。11你想试一试吗？误：Do you want go? 正：Do you want a go? 简析 这里的go是名词，而不是动词，前面应用不定冠词a。12我要去医院看望我的老师。误：Im going to hospital to see my teacher. 正：Im going to the hospital to see my teacher. 简析 go to hospital表示“生病入院”，而go to the hospital表示“去医

6、院”。13老奶奶，您怎么啦？误：Whats matter with you, Granny? 正：Whats the matter with you, Granny? 正：Whats wrong with you, Granny? 简析 表示“某人怎么啦”，用Whats wrong with sb.? 或Whats the matter with sb.?这是固定句型，不可随意增减定冠词 the。14上星期一你在家吗？误：Were you at home on the last Monday? 正：Were you at home last Monday? 简析 在一般过去时句子中，表“上”的

7、时间状语前面不加定冠词和介词。如：last year(month，week，Sunday)。15这个月饼是三个中最好的。误：This mooncake is nicest of the three. 正：This mooncake is the nicest of the three. 简析 形容词的最高级前不能省去the，而副词的最高级前的the可要可不要。16这是我的第一课。误：This is my the first-lesson. 正：This is my first lesson. 简析 序数词前面如果有物主代词作定语就不能再用定冠词the。17起先我并不认识他。误：At the f

8、irst I didnt know him. 正：At first I didnt know him. 简析 在序数词之前常用定冠词 the表示顺序。如：He lives on the fifteenth floor. 但 at first意为“起先”，“开始时”，是习惯用语，能加定冠词 the。18这两个男孩是安徽人。误：Both of boys come from Anhui. 正：Both of the boys come from Anhui. 正：Both the boys come from Anhui. 简析 both of后接名词时，名词前须有限定词the指示代词物主代词。19

9、两个答案都对。误：The both answers are right. 正：Both answers are right. 简析 both前面不能加定冠词the。20这是露西的上衣。误：This is the Lucys coat. 正：This is Lucys coat. 简析 专有名词的所有格前面不用冠词。21书桌上的那本书是英语书。误：A book on the desk is an English book. 正：The book on the desk is an English book. 简析 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，要用定冠词the。22汤姆是学生。我不是学生。误：T

10、om is student. Im not student. 正： Tom is a student. Im not a student. 简析 在英语中，单数可数名词之前通常要用不定冠词a(an)。23咱们谈一谈，好吗？误：Lets have talk, shall we? 正：Lets have a talk, shall we? 简析 have a talk是一个习惯用语，要用不定冠词。24史密斯先生被选为这所中学的校长。误：Mr Smith was made the headmaster of the middle school. 正：Mr Smith was made headmas

11、ter of the school. 简析 有些名词在句中作宾语补足语，主语补足语和表语或同位语，表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，其前面一般不用冠词。25我们中间大多数人都希望当雷锋。误：Most of us wish to be Lei Feng. 正：Most of us wish to be a Lei Feng. 简析 表示与某个专有名词相仿的某人(即表达“像某某那样的人”)时，该名词前应用不定冠词。26我们已经试过六次。我们再试一次好吗？误：We have tried it six times. Shall we try it the seventh time? 正：We hav

12、e tried it six times. Shall we try it a seventh time? 简析 当序数词不表示顺序，而用来表达“再一”、“又一”之意时，其前用不定冠词。27他是欧洲人。误：He is an European. 正：He is a European. 简析 不定冠词a用在辅音前，an用在元音前(不是指字母，而是指音标)。 European的音标是ju+r+pi(:)+n，所以前面的不定冠词应用a。28姓张的一家与邻居相处得很好。误：Zhangs are getting on well with their neighbours. 正：The Zhangs are

13、 getting on well with their neighbours. 简析 用姓氏的复数形式指某一家人时，其前面应用定冠词the。29二十世纪八十年代情况有了好转。误：In 1980s, things got better. 正：In the 1980s, things got better. 简析 表示几十年代前面应用定冠词。30杰克是两者中较大的一个。误：Jack is older of the two. 正：Jack is the older of the two. 简析 两者比较，起特指作用的比较级前面要用定冠词the。31英国人喜欢体育运动。误：English like s

14、ports. 正：The English like sports. 简析 表示整个民族时在民族名称前面用定冠词。32安经常星期日和她父母一起去看电影。误：Ann often goes to cinema with her parents on Sunday. 正：Ann often goes to the cinema with her parents on Sunday. 简析 在cinema(电影院)，theatre(剧院)，concert(音乐会)等词前面应用定冠词与go to连用构成习惯用语。33我从来未看过这么有趣的电影。误：I have never seen such intere

15、sting film. 正：I have never seen such an interesting film. 简析 such用作形容词，表示“如此的”，“这样的”。被其修饰的名词如果是可数名词单数，应在such后面加上不定冠词a(an)。34我们很高兴又回到了陆地。误：We are very glad to be back on the land. 正：We are very glad to be back on land. 简析 land作“陆地”讲时，是不可数名词，前面不用冠词。35罗恩是他兄弟中个子最高的。误：Ron is the tallest of his brothers.

16、正：Ron is the tallest of the brothers. 简析 在某范围内用最高级时，自身必须包含在此范围内，不能从此范围排斥出去，否则就不合逻辑， his brother不包括he在内，故要把his改为the。36咱们去吃午饭吧。误：Lets go and have a lunch. 正：Lets go and have lunch. 简析 表示一日三餐的名词前面通常不用冠词。37我将要吃一顿多么丰盛的午餐啊！误：What nice lunch Im going to have! 正：What a nice lunch Im going to have! 简析 当一日三餐的

17、名词有定语修饰指一顿饭时，应用冠词。38一九九五年夏天我到海南省洋浦实验中学去了。误：In summer of 1995, I went to Yanypu Experimental Middle School of Hainan Province. 正：In the summer of 1995, I went to Yanypu Experimental Middle School of Hainan Province. 简析 一年四季的前面通常不用冠词，但是当表示“季节”的名词之前或之后有定语修饰时，指具体某一季节，这时季节前应用定冠词。39戴维已经上学去了。误：David has go

18、ne to the school. 正：David has gone to school. 简析 只表示“上学”这一概念，不表示具体的“学校”时不用冠词。40戴维的妈妈昨天去学校了。误：Davids mother went to school yesterday. 正：Davids mother went to the school yesterday. 简析 戴维的妈妈不是去上学，school的前面应用冠词。41我们乘公共汽车去好吗？误：Shall we go by the bus? 正：Shall we go by bus? 简析 by作“乘”讲时接表示交通工具的名词，该名词前面不用冠词。

19、42他们是乘八点钟的火车来的误：They came by eight oclock train. 正：They came by the eight oclock train. 简析 by作“乘”讲接几点钟的车时应用冠词。43房子前面有一棵大树。误：There is a tall tree in the front of the house. 正：There is a tall tree in front of the house. 简析 in the front of意思是“在的前面”(指内部)，in front of意思是“在的前面”(指外面)。大树不可能长在房子的内部，故用 in fron

20、t of，front之前不用冠词。44教室的前部有一张讲桌。误：There is a teachers desk in front of the classroom. 正：There is a teachers desk in the front of the classroom. 简析 讲桌一般放在教室的前部(指内部)故用 in the front of，front前面应用定冠词。45足球是在中国很受欢迎的一项运动。误：A foot-hall is a very popular game in China. 正：Football is a very popular game in China

21、. 简析 球类运动的前面不用冠词。46篮球定价三十元。他花三十元钱买一只。误：Basketball is priced at thirty yuan. He bought basketball for thirty yuan. 正：The basketball is priced at thirty yuan. He bought a basketball for thirty yuan. 简析 basketball表示球类运动时前面不用冠词，当它表示“篮球”这一类物时应用冠词。47我的妹妹非常喜欢弹钢琴。误：My sister enjoys playing piano very much.

22、正：My sister enjoys playing the piano very much. 简析 表示演奏“乐器”时，“乐器”名词前面应用定冠词。48每天下午我们操场上有很多人。误：Every afternoon there are the number of people on our sports ground. 正：Every afternoon there are a number of people on our sports ground. 正：Every afternoon there are numbers of people on our sports ground. 简

23、析 The number of意思是“的数目(字)”；a number of意思是“若干”、“很多”这里应用 a number of或 numbers of。49周广华先生负责阜阳第一中学的工作。误：Mr Zhou Guang-hua is in the charge of Fuyang No.1 Middle School. 正：Mr Zhou Guang-hua is in charge of Fuyang No.1 Middle School. 简析 in charge of意思是“负责”(主动)， in the charge of意思是“受管理”(被动)，如果把“管理者”作句子的主语，

24、应用 in charge of；如果把“被管理者”，“被照顾者”作主语，应用 in the charge of。例如：Miss Li Ling is in charge of the children.李灵小姐照顾孩子们。The children are in the charge of Miss Li Ling. 孩子们由李灵小姐照顾。50谁知道将来会发生什么事情？误：Who knows what will happen in future? 正：Who knows what will happen in the future? 简析 in future(=from now on)意为“从今

25、以后”， in the future(=in the time not yet to come)意为“将来”，“未来”，指将来的某个时候。51吉姆会说一点汉语感到非常高兴。误：Jim is very glad that he can speak little Chinese. 正：Jim is very glad that he can speak a little Chinese. 简析 little作定语时，表示否定意义，根据句意在这里应用a little表示肯定意义。52那盏灯发出的光很弱，我什么都看不见。误：The lamp gave so a little light that I

26、could see nothing. 正：The lamp gave so little light that I could see nothing. 简析 a little作定语修饰不可数名词表示肯定意义，不合句意，故应去掉不定冠词a。53张春江教授在美国生活了三十年。误：Professor Zhang Chun-jiang lived in United States for thirty years. 正：Professor Zhang Chun-jiang lived in the United States for thirty years. 简析 国家名词前面一般不加定冠词，如：

27、China，Japan，Korea，但是，全名不止一个词，并且其主要名词是普名词时，或该国是几个小部分联合组成；或国以复数形式出现时，通常加定冠词。例如：the Peoples Republic of China中华人民共和国，the United States美利坚合众国，the Soviet Union苏联54在他们国家里，富人和穷人的权利是不平等的。误：A poor and a rich dont have equal rights in their country. 正：The poor and the rich dont have equal rights in their coun

28、try. 简析 某些形容词(如old，young，deaf，blind等)用来表示“一类人”时，其前面要用定冠词。55“书桌”用英语怎么说？误：Whats English for“书桌”？正：Whats the English for“书桌”？简析 表示语言的名词前面一般不用任何冠词，但后面接另一个名词(language)使其变成形容词时，则要加定冠词。这里可以看作English之后省略了一个单词word。56程教授星期日最忙。误：Professor Cheng is the busiest on Sunday. 正：Professor Cheng is busiest on Sunday.

29、简析 形容词最高级作表语，表示与主语自身比较时，不用冠词。57海南省位于中国的南部。误：Hainan Province lies in the South China. 正：Hainan Province lies in South China. 正：Hainan Province lies in the South of China. 简析 表示方向的名词south，east，west，north等之后，如有表示地方的名词，一起构成专有名词，前面一般不用定冠词the，如果这些名词单独使用或后面有介词of，前面要用定冠词。58盐湖城是一座美丽的城市。误：The Salt Lake City i

30、s a beautiful city. 正：Salt Lake City is a beautiful city. 简析 在专有名词前面一般不用冠词。59“四人帮”统治的中国一去不复返了。误：China ruled by the“gang of four” is gone. 正：The China ruled by the“gang of four” is gone. 简析 专有名词用来指一时期或一种新的概念时，要用冠词。60桌子上有一副刀叉。误：There is a knife and a fork on the table. 正：There is a knife and fork on t

31、he table. 简析 当and连接的两个名词表示“一套”的概念时，后一个名词前面不用冠词。61农村的学生经常步行去上学。误：The students in the country often go to school on the feet. 正：The students in the country often go to school on foot. 简析 on foot意为“步行”是习惯用法，不用冠词，也不能用其复数形式。62程先生成了歌唱家。误：Mr Cheng has turned a singer. 正：Mr Cheng has turned singer. 简析 在连系动词turn，go(变成)之后作表语的名词前不用冠词。63我不要这种自行车。误：I do