词语大辨析.docx

1、词语大辨析 词语大辨析abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的放弃之意abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋 eg.forsake ones wife and children遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指停止 eg.quit work停止工作1.His presence of mind never _ him.A.deserted B

2、.left C.lost D.quit2.Despite some difficulties,theyre not going to _ the plan.A.abandon B.desert C.forsake D.quit3._ it out!A.Forsake B.Quit C.Give up D.Desert4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has _ the theater for politics.A.deserted B.forsook C.quit D.exchanged1.His presence of mind never deserted him.他从不失去

3、镇静.2.Despite some difficulties,theyre not going to abandon the plan. 尽管他们遇到了一些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划.3.Quit it out!住嘴./住手.4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has forsook the theater for politics.阿诺德?施瓦辛格弃艺从政了词语大辨析accessory，decoration，ornament 都含有一定的装饰品之意accessory 常作pl.指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)decoration 指为了装饰某物所使用

4、的艳丽好看的装饰品ornament 指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换) 1.The hall is _ with flowers and flags.A.full B.filled C.garnished D.decorated2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning _ such as colored lights and glass balls.A.ornaments B.luxuries C.exhibits D.complements3.She wore a green wool suit wit

5、h matching _.A.decorations B.ornaments C.accessories D.appendix4.Can you help me to _ a fish with slices of lemon.A.add B.garnish C.decorate D.ornament1.The hall is decorated with flowers and flags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.(此句也能用ornament替换.)2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning ornaments such as color

6、ed lights and glass balls.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球.3.She wore a green wool suit with matching accessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰.4.Can you help me to garnish a fish with slices of lemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗?(garnish多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等)_词语大辨析 accomplish，complete，end，finish 都含有完成之意accomplish 指成功地完成预期的计划或达

7、到预期的目的或成果complete 指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分end 指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish 指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止1.We tried to settle the arguement but _ nothing.A.accomplised B.completed C.ended D.finished2.The term will _ early in July.A.accomplish B.complete C.end D.finish3.The building was _ in 1962.A.accomplished

8、 B.completed C.ended D.finished4.When will the work be _.A.accomplished B.completed C.ended D.finished5.比较:I have finished the book.和I have completed a book.分别释为何意呢?_1.We tried to settle the arguement but accomplished nothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.2.The term will end early in July.学期将在七月初结束.3.The building w

9、as finished in 1962.大厦建成于1962年.4.When will the work be completed.工作什么时候完结?5.I have finished the book.我读完了那本书.I have completed a book.我写完了一本书. _ 词语大辨析accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的正确,精确之意accurate 准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性correct 正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的e

10、xact 确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带吹毛求疵的贬义 _1.His painting is a/an _ copy of the original.A.exact B.precise C.correct D.accurate2.Laser technology has enhanced the _ of many surgical procedures.A.detail B.cost C.exaction D.preci

11、sion3.We hope to become more _ in predicting earthquakes.A.exact B.correct C.precise D.accurate4.Its the _ thing to do.A.accurate B.precise C.exact D.correct5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a _ operation,he quickly recovered his sight.A. precise B.delicate C.considerate D.exac

12、t_1.His painting is a/an exact copy of the original.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品.2.Laser technology has enhanced the precision of many surgical procedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度.3.We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.(be accurate in 在方面很精确)4.Its the correct thing to do.正应如此.5.One

13、of his eyes was injured in an accident,but after a delicate operation,he quickly recovered his sight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力. _词语大辨析accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的指控,控告之意accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为指责某人,控告某人charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人indict 具体用法见练习3、4、5句 _1.The soldier was _ of runni

14、ng away when the enemy attacked.A.scolded B.charged C.accused D.punished2.He _ me with negligence of duty.A.accused B.blamed C.charged D.indicted3.The police _ him as a rioter.A.indicted B.accused C.charged D.punished4.His company _ him for sabotage.A.accused B.indicted C.blamed D.charged5.He was _

15、on a charge of murder.A.accused B.charged C.punished D.indicted_1.The soldier was accused of running away when the enemy attacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.2. He charged me with negligence of duty.他指控我玩忽职守.3.The police indicted him as a rioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(indict sb. as指控某人为)4.His company indicted him for sabota

16、ge他公司告发他的破坏行为.(indict sb for sth.告发某人)5.He was indicted on a charge of murder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb. be indicted on a charge of 因犯被告发)_词语大辨析achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的获得,达到之意achieve 强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地gain 指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过

17、竞争获得某些有价值的东西obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西 _1.After so many years of hard work,he finally _ success.A.obtained B.acquired C.achieved D.gained2.She has _ some very unpleasant habits recently.A.obtained B.gained C.attained D.acquired3.In typhoon,winds _ a speed greater than 120 km per hour.A.assume

18、 B.accomplish C.attain D.assemble4.In the second experiment they _ a very clear result.A.obtained B.acquired C.won D.attained5.No _ without pains.A.obtains B.gains C.attains D.acquires6.She _ a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chens lectures. A.achieved B.attained C.acquired D.gained_ C.D.C.A.B.C.

19、1.After so many years of hard work,he finally achieved success.经过这么多年努力,他终于获得了成功.2.She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.她最近养成了一些不良的习惯.3.In typhoon,winds attain a speed greater than 120 km per hour.发生台风时,风速每小时高达120公里.4.In the second experiment they obtained a very clear result.在第二次试验

20、中他们的到了一个非常清楚的结果.5.No gains without pains.不劳则无获.6.She acquired a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chens lectures.他从陈教授的讲座中学到很多英语知识._词语大辨析acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的承认之意acknowledge 着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等)concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败confe

21、ss 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶recognize 指正式承认主权、权利等 _1.He _ that the statement was true in an argument.A.conceded B.admitted C.confessed D.recognized2.She _ having been at fault.A.admitted B.confessed C.acknowledged D.recognized3.The new law was generally admitted _ difficult to enforce.A.being B.to being C.to be

22、D.to have4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to _ defeat.A.conced B.conserve C.admit D.assert5.Finally he has to _ himself guilty.A.concede B.confess C.admit D.acknowledge6.Mr.Zhang was_ as the legitimate representative. A.acknowledge B.admitted C.conceded D.recognized_A.C.C.A.B.D

23、1.He concededthat the statement was true in an argument.他在辩论中承认对方的说法是正确的.(有点不情愿的承认)2.She acknowledged having been at fault.他承认自己曾犯过错误.3.The new law was generally admitted to be difficult to enforce.大家普遍认为,新的法律很难实施.(admit后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补.此句中admit为被动结构,所以用to be difficult to enforce作主语补

24、语.)4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to concede defeat.虽然他们已遭受惨重损失,但还是不肯认输.5.Finally he has to confess himself guilty.最终他不得不认罪.(confess oneself认罪)6.Mr.Zhang was recognized as the legitimate representative of the company.张先生背城认为公司的合法代表. _词语大辨析affirm，assert，allege，claim都含有一定的宣称，断言

25、之意affirm 断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意assert 宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称allege 宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说claim 声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点 _1.Politicians more often_ their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.A.assert B.claim C.allege D.affirm2.The suspect _ that he had not been in the neighbourho

26、od.A.advocated B.alleged C.addressed D.announceed3.He _ his belief that she was innocent.A.affirmed B.asserted C.maintained D.stressed4.He _ that this could be done.A.affirmed B.alleged C.asserted D.claimed5.Dont _ to know what you dont know.A.claimed B.asserted C.alleged D.affirmed_1.Politicians mo

27、re often affirm their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的.2.The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighbourhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时他并不在现场.3.He asserted his belief that she was innocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的.4.He asserted that this could be done.他宣称这是可行的.5.Dont claim

28、to know what you dont know.不要强不知以为知. _词语大辨析alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的惊恐之意alarm 惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑 (take/feel alarm at因而惊恐)dread 担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比fear更为强烈的恐惧fear 表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌fright 指突然的惊恐horror 令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现

29、象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因)panic 恐慌(指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态)terror 恐怖(指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇) _1.There is nothing to get _ about.A.alarmed B.feared C.horrified D.terrified2.She had always been in _of meeting with an accident.A.horror B.alarm C.terror D.dread3.Our cat _ dogs.A.alarms B.fears C.panics D.dreads4.I dont _ easily.A.fear B.dread C.fri