人教版八年级英语上册unit 3单元语法知识讲练解析版.docx

1、人教版八年级英语上册unit 3单元语法知识讲练解析版人教版八年级英语上册Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister. 知识点 讲与练知识点一1. is talented in music. (P 20. 1a)be talented in指 “在方面有天赋”, 后接名词或动名词。Mozart was talented in music. 莫扎特有音乐天赋。Youre very talented in speaking English. 你很有说英语的天赋。【知识拓展】(1) 同义词gifted adj. 有天赋的She is a gifted violini

2、st. 她是位有天赋的小提琴手。(2) talent n. 天赋; 才, 人才have a talent forhave a gift for 有天赋The woman has a talent/gift for cooking. 这个女人有烹饪的天赋。He is a great talent. 他是个了不起的人才。完成句子Molly is _(有天赋) music.【答案】talented in知识点二2. likes to do the same things as me(P20, 1a)“the same +名词 + as”意为 “和一样”。Her hairs the same colo

3、r as her mothers. 她的头发颜色跟她母亲的一样。【知识拓展】(1)the same as和相同, 反义词组为be different from(和不同)。Your pen is the same as mine. 你的钢笔和我的一样。 (2)the same to意为 “对来说是一样的, 对没有什么不同”, 后面常接表示人的名词或代词。the same 前面可用 quite 修饰, 但不能用 very 修饰。Its the same to Mike. 这对迈克来说是一样的。The two paintings are quite the same. 这两幅画完全一样。【易混辨析】

4、be the same as和一样两词组后都可跟名词、代词或名词性物主代词。My hairstyle is the same as hers.我的发型和她的发型一样。 be different from 与不同两个词组在使用时, 前后都应是同类事物。My hobbies are different from Lucys.我的爱好与露西的不同。 【拓展】The same to you! 表示 “你也一样！”, 是回复对方祝福的常用语。Happy New Year! 新年快乐！The same to you! 你也一样！Its not necessary to find a friend who

5、is the same_you.A. in B. as C. to D. from【答案】B【解析】句意：没有必要找一个和你一样的朋友。A. in介词, 在里面; B. as连词或介词, 像一样、作为; C. to介词, 到; D. from介词, 从。根据固定词组the same as像一样, 可知此处选择as。故选：B。知识点三3. makes me laugh(P20, 1a)make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。使役动词make和感官动词see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice 等都接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后的不定式可带

6、to, 也可不带to。She made me stay with her. 她让我和她待在一起。【知识拓展】(1)make sb./sth. +形容词, 表示 “使某人(感到); 使某物”, 此时形容词作宾语补足语。此类形容词有happy、sad、pleased、angry、relaxed、scared、comfortable、sick、worried、easy等。The news makes me happy. 这个消息让我很高兴。(2)make sb. + 名词, 表示 “使某人成为”, 名词作宾语补足语。We make him captain. 我们选他当队长。(3)make sb. +

7、 过去分词, 表示 “使某人被”, 动词的过去分词作宾语补足语, 有被动含义, 翻译成主动语态形式, sb.可以是反身代词。She spoke aloud to make herself heard. 她大声说话, 以使别人能听到她。(4)make sb./sth. do表示 “使某人/某物做”, 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。注意在被动语态中不定式符号to不能省略。She made me wait for a long time. 她让我等了很长时间。Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk. 我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋, 喝一些牛奶。(5

8、) 常见的后接省略to的不定式作宾补的使役动词let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 Let me have a try. 让我试一试have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 He had me give him a hand. 他让我帮他个忙。【巧记口诀】使役动词三兄弟, let、have和make, 宾补只用do形式, to do见了则回避。1. I broke my arm last year but she made me_(laugh) and feel better. 2. He always tells funny things to me and always _.

9、A. makes me to laugh B. makes me laughingC. makes me laugh D. makes me laughs1. 【答案】laugh【解析】make sb./sth. do表示 “使某人/某物做”, 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。此处表示 “使我笑, 并感觉好多了”, 故用laugh。2. 【答案】C【解析】句意：他总是给我讲述很有趣的事情, 总是叫我大笑。此题考查固定短语make sb. do sth. (使某人做某事)。根据句意, 故选C。知识点四4. Im so shy so its not easy for me to make frien

10、ds. (P21, 2b)(1)It is+形容词/名词+(for sb. +) to do sth., it是形式主语, 动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语。sb.为宾格代词或名词, 因为主语太长, 为了使句子保持平衡, 习惯上把真正的主语放在后面, 这样就避免了句子头重脚轻。 Its not easy to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语是不容易的。(2) “It is+形容词+ (for sb. +) to do sth.”相当于 “Its+形容词+that 从句”。Its is better for you to live alone for s

11、ome time.=It is better that you live alone for some time. 你单独住一段时间更好些。【注意】形容词若表示人的性格与品质, 如kind, good, nice, wrong等, for sb. 要改为of sb.。 Its very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。 完成句子1. Its _ English well.对我们来说, 学好英语很重要。2. Its _ early.对我来说, 早起很容易。3. Mr Smith, I dont think we can get there on time by

12、 bike.You mean its necessary for us _ (take) a taxi?【答案】1. important for us to learn 2. easy for me to get up 3. to take知识点五5. But I think friends are like books you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. (P21, 2b)as long as “只要; 既然”, 表示条件, 意思是 “只要”, 引导条件状语从句。The air ticket to Sydney will b

13、e half price as long as you book it three months earlier. 只要你提前三个月预订, 飞往悉尼的票价就会减半。Im sure we are safe as long as we are in his care. 我深信只要在他的保护下, 我们就会平安无事。As long as it doesnt rain we can go. 只要不下雨, 我们就可以去。【知识拓展】（1）用于as.as句型中, 表示 “像一样长”。 My arms are as long as yours. 我的胳膊和你的一样长。（2）表示时间, 意思是 “达之久”。 Y

14、ou can keep the book as long as you like. 这本书你想借多久就借多久。I really want to pass the exam for further study.Believe in yourself, dear! Your dream will come true _ you put your heart into it.A. even if B. as long as C. as soon as【答案】B【解析】句意：我真的想通过考试, 继续深造。相信你自己, 亲爱的！只要你用心去做, 你的梦想就会成真。考查连词辨析。A. even if即使,

15、 表让步; B. as long as只要, 表条件; C. as soon as一就。本句是条件状语从句, 需用as long as连接。根据句意语境, 可知选B。知识点六6. My best friend is similar to Larry because shes less hard-working than me. (P 22, 2d)be similar to与相像的/类似的, 相当于be like。Your new haircut is similar to mine. 你的新发型和我的相似。Jack is similar to his father in many ways.

16、 杰克在很多方面与他爸爸相似。similar与in连用时, 构成be similar in sth.意为 “在某方面相似/相仿”。Ice fishing, a popular winter sport, is similar in many ways to regular fishing. 冰下捕鱼, 一个受欢迎的冬季运动, 在许多方面与常规钓鱼是相似的。【易混辨析】be similar to, be similar in (1)be similar to意为 “与相像的/类似的”。(2)be similar in意为 “在方面相似”。【易混辨析】similar形容词, 意为 “相似的; 类似

17、的”, 可作定语和表语。My best friend and I have similar hobbies. 我和我最好的朋友有相似的爱好。same 形容词, 意为 “相同的; 同样的”, 前面要加定冠词the。They have the same age. 他们的年龄相同。完成句子1. 他的问题和你的相似。His problem is similar_ yours.2. 这两位老师在教法上有相似之处。The two teachers are similar _teaching methods. 【答案】1. to 2. in知识点七7. care about 关心; 在意Do you car

18、e about your future? 你关心自己的未来吗? He doesnt care about the news. 他对这条新闻并不关心。【知识拓展】（1）care作动词的常用词组还有：care for 喜欢; 照料He cared for her more than she realized. 她不知道他是多么在乎她。（2）care作名词的常用词组：take care 小心; 当心; 保重take care of 照顾; 照料（相当于look after)Take care not to make mistakes. 当心别犯错。Goodbye, and take care! 再见

19、, 多保重！He is old enough to take care of himself. 他足够大, 能照顾自己了。知识点八8. laugh v. 笑; 发笑He who laughs last laughs longest. 别高兴得太早。【知识拓展】（1）laugh at 嘲笑Dont laugh at others. 别嘲笑他人。（2）laugh作名词时, 意为 “笑声”, 是可数名词。We had a good laugh about his joke. 我们觉得他的笑话很好笑。I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates

20、will _ me.A. laugh at B. agree with C. depend on D. worry about【答案】A【解析】句意：我这个发行看起来很傻, 我所有的同学都会嘲笑我的。laugh at嘲笑; agree with同意; depend on依靠, 取决于; worry about为担心。根据句意I look stupid.可知, 这里应表示“嘲笑”, 故选A。知识点九9. serious adj. 严肃的; 稳重的serious用作形容词, 用来指人的表情严肃或事情严重, 常用短语： be serious about “对认真”。Our math teacher

21、is a serious man. 我们的数学老师是一个严肃的男人。The mistake is not very serious. 这错误不太严重。You should be serious about your job. 你应该认真对待你的工作。【知识拓展】seriously用作副词, 意为 “严肃地; 认真地; 严重地”。His mother is seriously ill. 他妈妈病得很重。（2018内蒙古包头）He is a _ person, but he is good at telling funny storiesA. serious B. patient C. kind

22、D. humorous【答案】A【解析】句意：他是一个严肃的人, 但是他擅长于将有趣的故事。考察形容词辨析。A. serious严肃的; B. patient有耐心的; C. kind善良的; D. humorous幽默的。根据句中的but可知前后表示转折关系, 后面说他善于讲有趣的故事, 前面应是和“有趣”相反的一个词, 结合选项可知A项符合句意, 故选A。知识点十10. bring out 使显现; 使表现出I want to bring out the meaning of the poem. 我想阐明一下这首诗的意义。bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某

23、人最好/最坏的一面展现出来。Please tell me how to bring out the best in me. 请告诉我怎样把我最好的一面展现出来。The party brought out the worst in Bill. 这次宴会使比尔显现出了最丑恶的一面。【知识拓展】bring out有 “拿出, 带出, 出版, 生产”之意。Please bring out your camera and take some pictures. 请拿出你的相机并且照一些照片。The company is bringing out a new sports car. 这个公司正在生产一种新

24、型跑车。知识点十一11. reach for 伸手去拿He reached over for the last cake. 他伸过手来拿最后一块蛋糕。【易混辨析】reach地点I reached Beijing last night. 我昨天晚上到达北京。 get to地点I got to Beijing last night. 我昨天晚上到达北京。 in大地点arrive at小地点I arrived in Beijing last night. 我昨晚到达北京。I arrived at Beijing Airport last night. 我昨晚到达北京机场。知识点十二12. share

25、 v. 分享; 共享; 共用; 分摊The twins share a room. 这对双胞胎合住一间房间。【知识拓展】share.with sb. 与某人分享My best friend shares her happiness and sadness with me. 我最好的朋友与我分享她的快乐与悲伤。Were not supposed to _ those who failedNo one can be a winner all the time.A. turn out B. laugh at C. spread out D. share with【答案】B【解析】句意：我们不应该嘲笑那些失败的人。没有人能成为永远的赢家。考查动词短语辨析。A. turn out关掉; B. laugh嘲笑; C. spread out分散D. share with与分享, 根据语境可知laugh at符合语境, 故选B。