届小题必练19 七选五之代词指代型教师版.docx

1、届小题必练19 七选五之代词指代型教师版常考考点：1）It/They的指代；2）This/That/Those/These的指代。（2020全国III卷）A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and fa

2、mily to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents. 37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitche

3、n tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isnt a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. 38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activi

4、ties like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39 Housewarming

5、parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 Now most homes have central heating and dont use fires to keep warm.A. This isnt usual though.B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C. You can also bring

6、food or drinks to share with the other guests.D. If youre lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep the

7、ir home warm for the winter.【答案】EBCAG【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的、礼物的选取、活动安排和名称的由来。36.空格上句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.”介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，空格下句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.”介绍这也是给新家填满爱和礼物的好时

8、机。E项（它也让人们有机会一睹新家的风采。）与上下句并列，都是介绍乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。37.空格下文列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项（带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统。）概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。38.本段介绍了聚会的活动安排。后文“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served.”指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选

9、C。39.本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，客人可能会被要求帮忙打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项（但这并不常见。）表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。40.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称由来，根据“bring firewood to a new home as a gift”可知本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项（这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。）符合语境。故选G。（2020浙江卷1月）Lets take a minute to think about the water we use.

10、The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water. 31 For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a compu

11、ter we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. 32 Thats around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bac

12、teria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻) from dirty water. Thats around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. 33 Therefore, they dont have time to learn how to read or write and dont get an educatio

13、n. 34 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. 35

14、 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.A. We use water indirectly too.B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.D. If children walk

15、many hours a day to get water, they cant go to school.E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink?F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles

16、.【答案】AEDFG【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为“世界水日”，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知道清洁水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。31.空格下文：例如，生产粮食的农民需要使用水使植物生长。当我们开灯或打开电视电脑时，我们会使用能源，而我们需要水来产生这种能源。可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项（我们也间接地用水。）符合上下文语境，故选A。32.根据空格下文“Thats around

17、 one in 10 people in the world.”（那大约是世界上十分之一的人。）可推知本句在说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项（你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗？）符合上下文语境，故选E。33.根据空格上文“Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.”（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中“walk many kilometres every day to get water”可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to ge

18、t water，故D选项（如果孩子们每天花很多时间去取水，他们就不能去上学。）符合上下文语境，故选D。34.空格下句（每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。）是在说明“世界水日”当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故F选项（1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。）符合上下文语境，故选F。35.空格前句：在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子要负重6升水步行6公里。可推知空格处是承接上文，故G选项（通过这种方式，他们能了解带着沉重的瓶子长距离步行是什么感觉。）符合上下文语境，故选G。Passage 1Realiz

19、ing your dreams is not a matter of possibility; its a matter of motivating yourself to focus on the right things. You know you should be doing something, but sometimes you just dont feel like doing anything. 1 Here are some daily motivation tricks that might work for you.This is by far the most impo

20、rtant tip in this article. Sit down and get a move on! Reading more about motivation wont help. Reviewing your to-do lists wont help. 2 So stop thinking about how hard the task is going to be or how long its going to take you. Tell yourself, “As soon as I get going, Ill feel more motivated.” 3 You h

21、ave the choice to replace negative self-talk with a more encouraging and friendly voice. A voice that does not look at the possibility of success before taking action, but rather uses self-belief as its driving force; a voice that all things are possible to those who commit to their dream.Think abou

22、t how far you have come. You have made so much progress, you just dont realize it. Open your eyes and give yourself credit for all that you have done. Think about it. Write down your past successes. 4 Youll probably be pleasantly surprised when you review your results.Accept failure as a positive le

23、arning experience and judge unsuccessful work and mistakes as part of the growth process. When times get tough, take a deep breath, and know that most great things come when you least expect it. Being defeated is a temporary condition; giving up is what makes it permanent. 5 A. Do you feel the push-

24、back of laziness?B. Only doing helps get everything going.C. Be aware of your self-talk and stay confident.D. This discouraging situation can last a long time if you dont take action.E. Push through! Daily motivation tricks help you to realize your dreams.F. Consider using a diary to keep track of t

25、hem.G. And most people that gave up didnt realize how close they were to success.【答案】1-5 DBCFG【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些日常激励技巧，可以用来帮助你实现梦想。1.空格上文：实现梦想不是一个可不可能的问题，而是一个激励你自己去关注正确的事情的问题。你知道你应该做点什么，但有时你就是不想做任何事。再根据空格后文（下面是一些可能对你来说行之有效的日常激励技巧。）可知空格处是承接上文说明这一行为造成的影响。上文中dont feel like doing anything与D选项中dont ta

26、ke action相对应。故D选项（如果你不采取行动，这种令人沮丧的情况会持续很长时间。）符合语境，故选D。2.空格上文：多读些关于激励的书没有什么帮助，回顾你的待办事项也没有实质性的帮助。空格后文：所以不要再去想这个任务到底有多难，或者要花多长时间。告诉自己：只要我开始行动，我就会觉得很有动力。上文列举了对实现梦想没有用的事情，后文提到开始行动，故本句应当是说明真正能起作用的事情。故B选项（只有行动才能让一切顺利进行。）符合语境，故选B。3.空格后文：可以选择用一种更有激励性和更友好的声音来代替消极的自我对话，在采取行动前不考虑成功的可能性，而是以自信为动力。对那些致力于实现自己梦想的人来说

27、，一切皆有可能。本段主要是在说明自我对话和保持自信对实现梦想的重要性，后文中self-talk和self-belief可与C选项中self-talk和confident相对应。故C选项（注意与自我进行对话，保持自信。）符合语境，故选C。4.根据空格上文“Think about it. Write down your past successes.”可知，空格处是承接上文继续说明用什么方式来记录下自己的成功。上文中past successes与F选项中的them相对应。故F选项（考虑用把它们写成一本日记。）符合语境，故选F。5.空格上文：将失败视为一种积极的学习经历，将感受不好的工作和错误视为成

28、长过程的一部分。当生活变得艰难的时候，保持深呼吸，要知道大多数美好的事情都是在最意外的时候出现的。被打败只是暂时的失败，但放弃却会让失败成为永恒。空格处为本段最后一句，上文提到放弃，上文中giving up可与G选项中most people that gave up相对应。故G选项（大多数放弃的人没有意识到他们离成功有多近。）符合语境，故选G。Passage 2Healthy See, Healthy DoVisit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things

29、you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. 6 And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks. 7 A 2012 study

30、 in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkou

31、t area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods. 8 It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “We know that the stores are full of cues meant to encourage consumption,” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at

32、 the department, “Making healthy foods more convenient or attractive can lead to increased sales of those products.”Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their citys crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter. 9 Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought something from the checkout areas. Among tho