英语八年级上册知识汇总.docx

1、英语八年级上册知识汇总UNIT 1 Playing SportTopic 1 Im going to play basket ball .词组：See sb do sth 看到某人做某事（看见事件、行动的全过程，动作已经结束）see sb doing sth 看到某人做某事（强调事件、行动正在进行）Cheer sb on 为sb加油 cheer sb up 使sb振作起来Prefer A to B 与A 比起来更喜欢B prefer+名词 更喜欢、Prefer doing sth 喜欢做sth twice a week 一周两次Play for+队 为、队效力 grow up 长大Spend

2、time /money doing sth 花费时间金钱做某事Spend sth on sth 在、上花费时间或金钱join+组织 加入某个组织 leave fo r、动身前往Join in+活动 参加某项活动Join sb 加入某人的行列，和某人在一起Be good at doing sth=do well in doing sth 擅长做某事all over the world 全世界 arrive in sp 到达spPlay against +队伍 与某队对抗 against对着、反对The day after tomorrow 前天 make/keep +sb/sth+形容词 使某人

3、/某物保持、Make sb /sth do sth 使某人/某物做某事a good way to keep fit 一中保持健康的好方法 be famous for sth 因为sth而著名 be famous as 作为、而出名语法点：含有be going to +动词原形（打算/准备做某事）的一般将来时I am going to play basketball .She is going to take part in the long jump.We are going to have a basketball game against Class Three on Sunday .句型

4、：Would you like to come and cheer us on ?Sure ,Id like to .Which sport do you prefer ,swimming or rowing ?I prefer rowing Topic 2 We should team work .词组：Fall (feel ) ill生病 keep doing sth 持续做sth mind doing sth 介意做sth practice doing sth 练习做sth Kick sb sth =kick sth to sb把sth传给 sbNot at all 一点也不 give

5、sb a hand 帮助sb Be angry at sth 为sth生气 be angry with sb 为sb生气Be sorry for doing sth 为sth感到抱歉Be sure to do sth 肯定做sthOne of +可数名词复数形式， 、之一 so that 如此、以至于、Come into being 形成 pass、to、把什么传给某人All over the world 全世界 be glad to do sth 做sth很高兴 Enjoy doing sth =have fun doing sth 做某事得到乐趣Stop 、from doing sth 阻

6、止、做某事语法、句型：双宾语主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语I kick the ball to you .You can also pass a teammate the ball .Topic 3 The school sports meet is coming .词组：be able to do sth 有能力，能够Be in +活动=take part in /join in 参加某项活动Its ones first time to do sth 某人第一次做某事Make it +时间 约定在几点 go together 一起去In turn 依次、轮流 have the chanc

7、e to do sth有机会做某事in the future 在将来、在未来 some day (将来的）某一天One day （过去或将来的）某一天For the first time 第一次 try ones best 尽某人最大努力语法：Will/shall 表达一般将来时Ill be in the long jump and the high jump Shall I take my camera ?UNIT 2 Keeping HealthyTopic 1 You should see a dentist .Have a toothache have a headache have

8、a backacheHave a stomachache have a bad cold Whats the matter ? =whats wrong ?怎么了Day and night feel like doing sth too much +不可数名词Do sb a favour tell sb sth had better do sthHurt +名词（身体部位）/反身代词be worry about 形容词修饰不定代词something ,anything,nothing 等不定代词时，位于其后。 nothing wrong 没事儿语法、句型:情态动词Should/shouldnt

9、 ;had better /had better not You should see a dentist .You shouldnt drink coffee or tea in the evening.You had better take some medicine .You should better not go to school today .Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking .give up doing sth 放弃做sth be bad for sb 对某人来说不好Stay up late 熬夜到很晚 show sb sth=

10、show sth to sb 把某物展示给某人 Throw litter around 到处扔垃圾 ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事In the night强调时间段 at night 泛指夜晚Take care of 照顾 force sb to do sth 迫使某人做某事 as soon as 以、就、 Take a walk =go for a walk 散步Be bad for sb 对某人不好语法、句型：情态动词：不能单独做谓语，只能与实意动词连用做谓语，情态动词后跟动词原形。Must /mustnt ;may ;can You mustnt throw litte

11、r around .It may even cause cancer .Topic 3 Must we exercise to prevent the flu ?词组：Go ahead 进行吧、好吧 ask sb some question 询问sb一些问题 question sb 询问 sb all the time 一直Build sb up 增强体质 take ones advice接受某人的建议 talk with sb与某人交谈 keep away from 远离Speak to sb 与sb谈话 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 ring sb up =call sb

12、 up 与某人打电话 do exercise 做运动Tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事Right now=at once =right away 立刻、马上At the moment 此刻、目前 leave a message留言 give sb a/the mesage 给某人一个口信Keep fit 保持健康 first aid 急救 stay away from 远离语法、句型：情态动词Must/have to Must we exercise to prevent the flu ?Yes,we must ./No, we dont ./No ,we nee

13、dnt .May I ask you some questions?You should say no to smoking and drinking .UNIT 3 Our HobbiesTopic 1 Whats your hobby ?In ones free time =in ones spare timeLove doing sth start with share sth with sb Sound good =that sounds great cut out Provide sb with sth =provide sth for sb Take sb out Be speci

14、al to sb Start with just like 语法、句型:Used to 过去常常做某事I used to collect baseball .I used to enjoy pop music ,but now I dont like it .What hobbies did you use have ?I am fond of acting . I prefer playing soccer .Topic 2 What sweet music !At the corner 在拐角处 lend sb sth =lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人Why not +动词原

15、形 为什么不（表示建议）Not at all 一点也不（没关系） mind doing sth介意做sth hate doing sth 讨厌做 sth Be famous for 因为什么而著名 be popular for 因什么而流行Be famous as作为什么而流行 start doing sth开始做sth At the age of +基数词 在几岁时语法、句型：感叹句 英语感叹句常用what和how引导，what和how与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。一、 由what引导的感叹句：what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词(被强调部分)，单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an

16、,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).如： What a clever girl she is!多么聪明的姑娘呀! What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的故事呀! What good children they are!他们是多么好的孩子呀! What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花呀! What delicious food it is!多么有味的食物呀! What heavy snow it is!多么大的雪呀!二、由how引导的

17、感叹句：how意为多么，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是：How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).如： How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀! How nice the pictures are!多么漂亮的图画呀! How happy they look!他们显得多么高兴呀! How well she sings!她唱得多好呀! How hard they are working now!他们干得多么起劲呀!三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既

18、可用what引导，也可用how引导。如： What a hot day it is!How hot the day is !多么热的天气呀! What tall buildings they are!How tall the buildings are!多么高的楼房呀! What bad weather it is!How bad the weather is!多么糟糕的天气呀! What bright sunshine it is!How bright the sunshine is!多么明亮的阳光呀!感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如：

19、What a fine day!多么晴朗的天呀! What an honest boy!多么诚实的孩子呀! What red apples!多么红的苹果呀!Topic 3 What were you doing at this time yesterday ?Practice doing sth 练习做某事 Hold on 别挂断 at this time这次 hold the line请稍等take a shower 洗澡 Agree with sb 同意、赞同sbget together聚会 too、to 太、太、In a low voice低音 fall down 落下 pass by

20、路过 go out出去、熄火 come out 出版、结果是Knock at the door敲门 stop doing sth停下做sth（正在做的） stop to do sth 停下做某事（停下来去做某事）Laugh at sb 取笑sb make faces做鬼脸 make sb do sth 使某人做sth be fond of doing sth 喜欢做某事语法、词汇：一般过去时：I was taking a shower at this time . Were you playing computer games ?Yes,I was ./No ,I wasnt .I agree

21、 . You are quite right .UNIT 4 Our WorldTopic 1 Which do you like better , plants or animals?Think about 思考、考虑 on the farm在农场 chat with sb与某人聊天 think over仔细思考The same with sb/sth 与sb/sth一样 play an important part in sth 在、扮演重要角色Be in danger 处在危险之中语法、句型：形容级比较级与最高级(I)形容词比较等级构成的规则变化 多数单音节形容词 = 词尾加 er 或

22、est long tall clean 长的 高的 干净的 longer taller cleaner 较长的 较高的 较干净的 longest tallest cleanest 最长的 最高的 最干净的 以e结尾的单音节形容词 = 词尾加 r 或 st large late nice 大的 晚的 好的 larger later nicer 较大的 较晚的 较好的 largest latest nicest 最大的 最晚的 最好的 以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词 双写这个辅音字母，再加er 或 est big hot thin 大的 热的 瘦的 bigger hotter t

23、hinner 较大的 较热的 较瘦的 biggest hottest thinnest 最大的 最热的 最瘦的 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的形容词 = 变y为i， 再加er或 est easy busy angry 容易的 繁忙的 生气的 easier busier angrier 较容易的 较忙的 较生气的 easiest busiest angriest 最容易的 最忙的 最生气的 两个或两个以上音节的形容词 = more/most + 形容词原级 beautiful important 美丽的 重要的 more beautiful more important 较美的 较重要的 most

24、 beautiful most important 最美的 最重要的The air is fresher ,the sky is bluer and the rivers are cleaner .The pigs must be the laziest and fattest animals on the farm . Topic 2 How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake ?Fall down 倒下 more than多于 lose ones life失去某人的生命 protect sb from sth 保护某人远离sthAsk

25、sb for help 向sb寻求帮助 hear about听说 run out of用尽 In the middle of 在什么中间 get away from 远离 turh off 关上 turn on 调大 turn down拒绝 、调小 turn up打开 语法、句型：形容词比较级与最高级(II)Was it serious ?How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake ?Topic 3 The Internet makes the world smaller .Do some shopping购物 a piece of inf

26、ormation一则消息 make it into use 充分利用 more and more越来越、Start to do sth 开始做sth let sb do sth 让sb做sthfind out 发现 put sth into sth 把sth放进sthLook like 看起来 become、 成为、 All kinds of 各种各样 share with sb 与某人分享 in the future 在将来语法、句子:主+谓+宾+宾补The Internet makes the world smaller .It also help us to find information much faster.