人教版英语课本原文必修选修及部分翻译.docx

1、人教版英语课本原文必修选修及部分翻译【人教版】英语课本原文(必修1选修9)及部分翻译必修1 第一单元Reading 阅读ANNES BEST FRIENDDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted t

2、he first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only

3、 true friend was her diary. She said, “I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.Thursday 15, June, 1944Dear kitty,I wo

4、nder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. Thats changed since I was he

5、re.For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when

6、 the window was open. I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to faceSadlyI am only able to look at nature through dirty cur

7、tains hanging before very dusty windows. Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.Yours,AnneUsing Language? 语言运用Reading and listening? 读与听1? Read the letter that Lisa wrote to Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers and predict what Miss W

8、ang will say. After listening, check and discuss her advice.Dear Miss Wang,I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. Im getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students ha

9、ve started gossiping. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I dont want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping. What should I do?Yours,LisaReading and writing? 读与写Miss Wang has received a letter from Xiaodong. He is also asking for some advice. Read th

10、e letter on the right carefully and help Miss Wang answer it.Dear Miss Wang,Im a student from Huzhou Senior High School. I have a problem. Im not very good at communicating with people. Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them. So I feel quite lone

11、ly sometimes. I do want to change this situation, but I dont know how. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.Yours,Xiaodong2? Decide which are the best ideas and put them into an order. Then write down your advice and explain how it will help. Each idea can make one paragraph. The fol

12、lowing sample and the expressions may help youDear Xiaodong,Im sorry you are having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you follow my advice. Here are some tips to help you.First, why not?If you do this,Secondly, you could / can Then / That way, Thirdly, it would b

13、e a good idea if By doing this, I hope you will find these ideas useful.YoursMiss Wang2? 决定哪些是最好并把它们按顺序组织起来。然后把你的建议写出来，并解释它为什么会有所帮助。每个想法可以自成一个段落。下面的例子和表达可能对你有所帮助。亲爱的小冬：很遗憾听说你在交朋友的过程中遇到了困难。但是，如果你听听我的建议，这种情况是很容易改变的。这些建议会对你有所帮助。第一，为什么不呢如果你这样做第二，你可以这样的话第三，如果那将是个不错的主意。通过做我希望你会发现这些想法对你有所帮助。你的王小姐LEARNING T

14、IP 学习建议Its a good habit for you to keep a diary. It can help you remember past events. You can express your feelings and thoughts in it. It will help you improve your English if you write your diary in English. Why not have a try?写日记对你来说是一个好习惯。它可以帮你记住一些过去发生的事件。你还可以在日记中表达你的情感和思想。如果你用英语写日记的话，还可以帮助你提高英

15、语水平。为什么不试一试呢|第二单元Reading? 阅读THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISHAt the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English be

16、gan to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before.通向现代英语之路在16世纪末，大约有五至七百万人讲英语。几乎所有这些讲英语的人都住在英格兰。在其后的一个世纪中，英格兰人为征服世界航海到了世界其他一些地方，结果世界的其他地方的人们也开始说英语了。今天，把英语作为自己的第一语言、第二语言或外语来使用的人比以往任何时候都多。Native English speakers can u

17、nderstand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?American Amy: Yes, Id like to come up to your apartment.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲不是同一种英语，他们也能彼此听懂。请看看这个例子：英国人贝蒂：来看看我的公寓吗美国人艾米：好的，我来看看你的公寓吧。So why has English changed over t

18、ime? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually b

19、etween about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoken first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.

20、 In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.那么，随着时间的推移英语为什么发生了变化呢实际上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展和变化。开始，英格兰人在大约公元450年到1150年之间所说的英语与我们今天所说的英语很不一样。当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，不像我们现在说的英语。后来，大约在

21、公元800年至1150年之间，英语慢慢变得不那么像德语，因为统治英格兰的那些人开始是说丹麦语，后来说法语。这些新来的定居者丰富了英语语言，尤其是丰富了英语词汇。所以到17世纪初的时候，莎士比亚能够得以使用比以往任何时候都丰富的词汇。1620年一些英国定居者来到了美洲，后来到了18世纪的时候，一些英国人还被带到了澳大利亚。英语也就开始在这两个国家使用。Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samue

22、l Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.最后到19世纪的时候，英语这种语言就变得稳定了。当时，英语的拼写发生了两个很大的变化：先是塞缪尔?约翰逊编写了他的英语词典，后是诺亚?韦伯斯特出版了美国英语词典。后者使得美式英语的拼写有了其独特的个性。English now is also spoke

23、n as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countr

24、ies in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.现在英语在南亚地区也被作为外语或第二语言使用。比如，印度就有很多人说英语说得很流利，因为在1765年到1947年之

25、间英国统治着印度。在此期间，英语成了印度政府和教育所用的语言。在新加坡和马来西亚以及像非洲的南非，人们现在也说英语。当今，在中国学英语的人数正在快速增加，事实上，中国可能是学英语人数最多的国家。中国式英语是否也能发展成一种具有自己独特个性的语言这还有待时间去证明。Using Language? 语言运用STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTSWhat is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not,

26、 there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the

27、 way people speak.When people use words and expressions different form “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighbouring towns speak

28、a little differently. American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world.Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved form one place to an

29、other, they took their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and u

30、nderstand each others dialects.什么是标准英语是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰所说的英语吗信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的英语就是标准英语，这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们在说话时的差异。当人们使用不同于“标准语言”的词语和表达时，那就叫做方言。美国英语有许多方言，特别是中西部地区和南部地区的方言，以及美国黑人和西班牙人的方言。即使在美国有些地区，两个相邻城镇的人所说的方言也可能稍有不同。美国英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为美国人是来自世

31、界各地的缘故。地理位置对方言的形成也有所影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人说着比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言随着带去了。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。美国是一个大国，有着许许多多彼此不同的方言。虽然许多美国人经常搬家，但是他们仍然能够辨别和理解彼此的方言。Reading and speaking? 读与说1? Amy and her American friends are visiting London. They plan to visit Amys aunt and decide to go there by un

32、derground, but cannot find the nearest underground station. So she asks directions and then tells her friends. Read the dialogue and circle the words that mean the same.1? 艾米和她的美国朋友正在参观伦敦。她们计划去拜访艾米的姑妈，并决定乘地铁去，但是她们找不到最近的地铁站。所以她问问了路，然后告诉她的朋友。读对话，然后圈出意思相同的词。AMY: Excuse me, Mama. Could you tell me where the nearest subways is?L