中考英语语法反意疑问句考点知识复习.docx

1、中考英语语法反意疑问句考点知识复习2013年中考英语语法反意疑问句考点知识复习反意疑问句 反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。 如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用yes或no来表示。 一、含be(is, are, was, were)动词的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1:主语+ be+其它，isnt(arent, wasnt, werent)+ 主语? 句型2:主语+ be not+其它，is(are, was, were

2、) + 主语? You aAmerica, arent you? Yes, I am. No, I It isnt very cold toda?Nt. Tom was awaday, wasnt he?was. No, he wasnt. The Green werent at home last night, w?were. Nwerent. Maading English now, isnt she?Nt. Your parents arent going to have a paunday, are they?are. Naren The girls were singing wach

3、er came in, werent they?were. Nwerent. 注意：There be句型 Tan old pictuwall, isnt there?Nt. There arent any childa?are. Naren There wasnt a telallwas there?was. Nwasnt. There were enough peoplapples, werent there?were. Nweren二、行为动词的一般现在时的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1: 主语+动词原形+其它，dont I(you, we, they)? 句型2: 主语+ dont+动词原

4、形+其它，do I(you, we, they)? 句型3: 主语+动词第三人称单数+其它，doesnt he(she, it)? 句型4: 主语+ doesnt+动词原形+其它，does he(she, it)? You often watch TVvening, dont you? Yes, I do. No, I dont. The students dont study hard, do they?do. Ndont. Mary studard, doesnt she?does. No, she doesnt. The boy doesngl by bike, does he?does

5、. No, he doesnt. Tlass begins at eight, doesnt it?does. No, it doesnt. 三、 行为动词的一般过去时的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1: 主语+动词过去式+其它，didnt+主语? 句型2: 主语+didnt+动词原形+其它，did +主语? You watched TV last night, didnt you? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Jims parents didnt go to Hong Kong ladid they?did. Ndidnt. The rad, didnt it?did. N

6、o, it didnt. Mr. Clarke didnt buy a car, didnt he?did. No, he didnt. 四、一般将来时的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1: 主语+will+动词原形+其它，wont+主语? 句型2: 主语+ wont +动词原形+其它，will +主语? The boys will play games, wont they?will. Nwont. It wonaining, will it?will. No, it wont. will visit our school next week, wont he?will. No, he wont.

7、 注意：There be句型的一般将来时 There will be a basketball maw, wont there?will. Nwont. There wont be too much polluuture, will there?will. Nwont. 五、现在完成时的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1: 主语+have+动词过去分词+其它，havent+主语? 句型2: 主语+ havent +动词过去分词+其它，have +主语? 句型3: 主语+has+动词过去分词+其它，hasnt+主语? 句型4: 主语+ hasnt +动词过去分词+其它，has +主语? You hav

8、e banghai bavent you? Yes I have. No, I havent. You havent banghai bave you? Yes I have. No, I havent. Jack has dwork, hasnt he?as. No, he hasnt. Jack hasnt dwork, has he?as. No, he hasnt. 六、现在完成进行时的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1: 主语+have been+动词现在分词+其它，havent+主语? 句型2: 主语+ havent been +动词现在分词+其它，have +主语? 句型3: 主语+h

9、as been +动词现在分词+其它，hasnt+主语? 句型4: 主语+ hasnt been +动词现在分词+其它，has +主语? You have been skating for five hours, havent you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. You havent been skating for five hours, have you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Bob has been collectingasnt he?as. No, he hasnt. Bob hasnt been collectingas

10、he?as. No, he hasnt. 七、含有情态动词的反意疑问句 其句型是：句型1: 主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它，情态动词否定形式+主语? 句型2: 主语+情态动词否定形式+动词原形+其它，情态动词+主语? You can speak Fant you? Yes, I can. No, I cant. They cant understand me, can they?an. Nant. Ann could swim wwas six, couldnt she?uld. Nuldnt. The students must study hard, mustnt they?ust. Nd

11、nt. 注意：You must gw, neednt you? Yes, I must. No, I neednt. 值得注意的是有时英语的谓语动词并不用否定式（即没加上not）， 而是用上了“never, little, few, hardlg, nobody”等词，这时该陈述句也属于否定句，因此，反意疑问句的后半部分应用肯定疑问式。 You have never been to Beijing, have you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Mr. Fat has few frienddoes he?does. No, he doesnt. Tlittle mi

12、lbottl?Nt. He could dg, could he?uld. Nuldnt. 八、祈使句用于反意疑问句中 这种类型较特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑问形式。回答也较灵活。 句型1: Let me+动词原形+其它，shall I? Ldoor, shall I?lease. No, tha句型2: Lets+动词原形+其它，shall we? Lets go for a walk, shall we? Good idea!I cant. 句型3: 其它形式的祈使句，will you?lawill you? OK. 反意疑问句综述反意疑问句提出情况或看法，问对方同不同意，这种

13、问句都由两部分组成，前一部分用陈述句的形式，后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句。 1一般情况下，如陈述句中含有助动词、情态动词或系动词be, 则在附加疑问句中应重复此助动词、情态动词或系动词be, 问句中的主语应与前面陈述句的主语同指一个(些)人或物。如： He hadwork, hasnt he? She cant swim, can she? Mary is a college studt she? 2如陈述句部分中谓语动词仅为实义动词。则应借助于助动词do 的适当形式引导问句。附加疑问句部分的主语与陈述句的主语一致。如： You wday, didnt you? He likes

14、playing basketball, doesnt he? 3如陈述句部分是 I 引导的主系表结构组成，附加疑问句部分的主语仍用第一人称单数，但谓语动词应用are的某种形式，一般不用am。如： Im a teacher, arent I / aint I? 4若陈述句部分为祈使句，则附加疑问句部分中用will you 或 wont you。如： Be quick, wont you / will you? Let us have a rest, will you / wont you? 但如陈述句部分为否定祈使句，附加疑问句部分用will you。如： Donwill you? Dont m

15、ake so muwill you? 如果陈述句部分为lets 开头的祈使句，附加疑问句部分用“shall we?”。如： Letall we? 5如陈述句部分含有hardly, seldom, never, little, few, never等否定意义的词时，附加疑问句部分要用肯定形式。如： He hardly raised his head, did he? v？ 6如陈述句部分的主语为nothing, nobod等含有否定意义的不定代词时，附加疑问句部分用肯定形式。如： Nothing has happened, has it? Nws about it, does he? 7如陈述句

16、部分的主语为表示物的不定代词everythinggg, anything等时，附加疑问句部分主语应是it。如： Nothing has been taken away, has it? Everything is right, isnt it? 8陈述句部分的主语为表示人的不定代词body, evanybody, anyone等时，附加疑问句部分主语用they 或 he。如： Everybody knows how to do it, dont they/ doesnt he? Nobody wawasnt he / werent they? 9如陈述句部分的谓动词或表语是通过加前缀构成的否定

17、词，附加疑问句部分用否定形式。如： He is ub, isnt he? They discovereddidnt they? It is unnecessary to write down all the words and phrat it? 10.陈述句部分的主语是“none+of+ n.”, 附加疑问句部分的谓语在人称和数上应和这个名词保持一致。如： Nudents wdid they? Ndish smells good, does it? 11. 陈述句部分是一个复合句，附加疑问句部分的主语谓语在人称和数上一般与主句保持一致。如： He said he would help me,

18、 didnt he? Youd that you would do me a favour, didnt you? 12在复合句中，如果主句的主语是I，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess等时,附加疑问句部分的主语和谓语应和从句保持一致。当主句或从句中出现否定词时，则附加疑问句部分一律用肯定形式。如： I donu are right, are you? I believe he willday, wont he? I suu know him, dont you? 13陈述句部分的谓语动词是wish，附加疑问句部分应用“may+主语”。如： I wish t

19、o gw, may I? I wave a word w ith you, may I? 14陈述句部分是there be 句型时，附加疑问句部分主语用“be there”的适当形式。 如： There are a ludall, arent there? There wont be any trouble, will there? Tg wrong, isnt there? 15陈述句部分的主语为this 或that，附加疑问句部分的主语用代词it；如果是these 或those，用they。如： This is a dt it? These are books, arent they? 1

20、6当动词不定式、动名词短语、从句作主语时，附加疑问句部分主语用it，谓语动词由陈述句部分决定。如： Tbelieve, isnt it? What he said is true, isnt it? Wldg has not been decided, has it? Learning how to repaakes a long time, doesnt it? 17如果陈述句部分由两个或以上的并列句组成，则附加疑问句部分的主谓语应和最后一个分句保持一致。如： He studies hard andblass, isnt he? He got up late, and he didnt ar

21、rivdid he? He has been wr iting letters all aand he should bd, shouldnt he? 18当陈述句部分含有情态动词must，且表示推测意义“一定”、“想必”时，附加疑问句部分不能用must，而应根据陈述句部分的不定式结构采用相应的主动词或助动词。 (1) must be, must be doing 的反意问句用be not 的简略式。如： He must be your friend, isnt he? They must be huntin guntains, arent they? (2) must +have done

22、(been) 时，若动作在过去发生，用didnt / wasnt / werent；若动作延续但现在或已经完成，则用havent/ hasnt。如： He must have been a schoolboy wwar broke out, wasnt he? He must have joined the army when he ldidnt he? Charlie must have worked2 years, hasnt he? Its one oclaThey must have had lunch, havent they? (3) must+动词原型（be,have除外)，用d

23、o / does / did not 的简略式，若must 后接表示 “有”的意思的have，则用have / has / had not 或 do / did/ dose not皆可。如： He must feel terrible, doesnt he? You must have a lwels, havent / dont you? 19当陈述句部分的must 表示“必须”时，附加疑问句部分用mustnt; must 表示“有 必要”时，附加疑问句部分用neednt；mustnt 表示“禁止”时，附加疑问句部分一般用must,有时用may。如： You must work hard n

24、exustnt you? I must answer the lustnt it? You must go back right now, neednt you? You mustnt walk on grass, must you? 20当陈述句部分含有情态动词ought to 时，附加疑问句部分可以用oughtnt ( in Bglish)，也可以用shouldnt(in American English)。如： You ought to gughtnt you / shouldnt you? 21当陈述句部分含有情态动词need，dare 时，如果need, dare 为情态动词，则附加

25、疑问句部分应重复此动词；如果是实意动词时，则要借助助动词do。如： You dare to swa, dont you? He neednt sad he? 22当陈述句部分的谓语动词是have 时,附加疑问句部分应视不同情况采用不同形式。 (1) have意为“有”时，附加疑问句部分采用have或do 的形式。如： She has two children, hasnt she?/doesnt she? She doesnt have a new bike, does she? (2) 其他情况下，则应借助于do。如： They had a meetingday, didnt they? 2

26、3陈述句部分以代词one 作主语时，附加疑问句部分在正式场合用one，非正式的用you。如： One cant be too careful, can one (canyou )? 24陈述句部分用had better结构时，附加疑问句部分用had。如： You had bxadnt you? 25. 陈述句部分用have to do sth. 结构时,附加疑问句部分借助于助动词do的适当形式。 如： I have to do the work now, dont I? She had to give up the plan, didntshe? We havlass, dont we? 26

27、.当陈述句部分用used to 时，附加疑问句部分用used to形式或did形式。如： He used to have a walk after supper, usednt he / didnt he? 27陈述句部分是感叹句时，附加疑问句部分应用否定形式，其主语取决于表示感叹的对象采用相应的代词，且用动词be的现在时。如： What a lovely day, isnt it? What colours, arent they? What a stupid boy, isnt he? How delighted, isnt he? 28陈述句部分用，并列主语时，附加疑问句部分根据其实际逻

28、辑意义而定。如： Nu nor I am an engineer, are we? Nuudies politics, dont they? 29当对某人的话表示怀疑或讽刺时，用简略的形式重复对方的话，然后再加上反意问句，陈述句部分和附加疑问句部分的形式应取得一致，要么都肯定，要么都否定。如： Jack: Tom toldaw a snake last nigMary: He did , did he? 30陈述句部分有语气词so, ah, oh等时,附加疑问句部分与陈述句部分应该同为肯定或否定，这类反意问句往往带有感情色彩。 如： So you are a student, are you?

29、 ant swim, cant she? 反意疑问句的特殊情况如下： 1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren”t I. I”m as tall as you，aren”t I? 2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。 I wave a word with you, may I? 3)陈述部分用g, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (开花

30、), do they ? 4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn”t / oughtn”t +主语。 He ougw what to do, oughtn”t he? / shouldn”t he? 5)陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don”t +主语（didn”t +主语）。 We have to gat eigw, don”t we? 6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn”t +主语或 usedn”t +主语。 He used to take pictudidn”t he? / usedn”t he? 7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn”t you? You”d bad it by yourself