专题3并列句和状语从句含答案.docx

1、专题3并列句和状语从句含答案专题3并列句和状语从句一、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。并列连词用法例句and，not only.but (also).，both.and.等表并列、顺承或递进关系There the air is clean and the mountains are green. 那里空气清新，千山一碧。but，yet，whereas等表转折关系The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthus

2、iastic as ever.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。or，either.or.，not.but.等表选择关系Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。for，so表因果关系。for连接的分句一般不能放在句首The leaves of the trees are falling，for its already autumn.树叶在坠落，因为秋天已经到了。and，or表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句and/or陈述句”中You have to

3、move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.你得让出路来，否则卡车无法从你身旁通过。while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比I drink black coffee while he prefers it with milk.我爱喝黑咖啡，而他更喜欢喝加牛奶的。注意：when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时；突然”，常用于下列句式：sb.be about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when.(某人正要做某事，突然)；s

4、b.be doing sth.when .(某人正在做某事，突然)；sb.had just done sth.when .(某人刚做完某事，突然)。He was about to go out when the telephone rang.他正要出去，电话铃突然响了。He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。单句语法填空1At school，some students are active while some are shy，yet they

5、can be good friends with one another.2The other day I was doing some grocery shopping when a man walked toward a group of us at the checkout stand.3Follow your doctors advice，or your cough will get worse.4John plays basketball well，but/yethis favorite sport is badminton.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)5It seems to m

6、e that autumn is the most grand and impressive season in a year.First of all，neither can I suffer summers heat， can I go through winters coldness.6Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.7Because life is beautiful，so we should fully enjoy it.8When I was 10，once my parents were

7、away on business， I had to stay at home alone for a day.二、状语从句考点一让步状语从句though，although，as，even if/though，whether.or.，while等引导的让步状语从句1.although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。2.even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调的内容。3.as也可以引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起倒装；作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词

8、，冠词需省去。though引导的从句也可以倒装，但although引导的不可以。4.while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，比though/although语气弱。while引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。“no matter疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”引导的让步状语从句no matter后接who，what，where，how等疑问词引导让步状语从句，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上-ever构成whoever，whatever，wherever，however等。但在引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词-ever”类词。单句语法填空1The athletes，especially the

9、 winners，should remain modest whatever rapid progress they have made.2Much as/though I have traveled，I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.3Dont trust him，no matter what he says.4While/Although/Though I admit that there are problems，I dont agree that they cannot be solved.5Ill do it，even

10、if/though it takes me all the afternoon.6Well go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or not.7No matter how hard the work is，youd better try to do it well.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)8. I was only a child when I studied in that classroom，I will never forget it.9Child he is，he knows a lot of t

11、hings.10. if it is cold，the workers are still working hard on the ground.考点二时间状语从句before常用如下句型：It will be long before.(得过好久才)It will not be long before.(过不了多久就)It was long before.(过了好久才)It was not long before.(过了不久就)since意为“自以来”，从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。此外

12、，since常用于以下句型：It is/has been时间段since从句(常用一般过去时)。as意为“一边一边；随着”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生。when意为“当时候”，可与延续性动词或非延续性动词连用，从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生。while意为“当的时候”或“在某一段时间里”，只可与延续性动词连用，侧重于主句动作与从句动作相对比。其他连词引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：1.till，not.until.，until2.hardly/scarcely.when.，no sooner.than.表示“一就”3.directl

13、y，immediately，the moment，the minute，the instant，as soon as意为“一就”4.each time，every time，the first time等单句语法填空1Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.2Air pollution is getting more and more serious，so we must take action before it is too late.3He had no sooner fi

14、nished his speech than the students started cheering.4While watching TV，children do not merely absorb words and images.5As he grew older，he became less active.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)6I have fallen in love with journalism I was a child.7Shaking hands is the most popular way to greet each other people meet.8I

15、 was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.考点三地点状语从句和条件状语从句地点状语从句where，wherever可引导地点状语从句。条件状语从句1.引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词(短语)有if，unless，as/so long as，in case (万一)，on condition that，provided/providing (that)，supposing/suppose (that)，assuming that(假设)等。2.在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般

16、过去时代替过去将来时。单句语法填空1Well，Im working on a huge assignment and if I dont do well，that will ruin my reputation as an excellent accountant!2He will never make progress in math unless he really wants to learn it.3Wherever she goes，there are crowds of people waiting to see her.4Supposing/Suppose(suppose) th

17、at they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help?5They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.6My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.考点四其他状语从句原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because，as，since，now that，seeing that，in that，considering (that)，whenbecause用

18、来回答why的提问，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。since，now that表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首。as引导的从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中(注意比较：for连接的是并列句)。目的状语从句in order that与so that引导的目的状语从句两个连词都意为“以便；为了”，其引导的状语从句中谓语应用“could/should/might/would动词原形”。in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。for fear that与in case引导的目

19、的状语从句。for fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that，so.that.，such.that.除结果状语从句外，too.to.，.enough to.，so.as to.，such.as to.等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as，as if/as though。as if或as though引导的从句与事实相反时，通常用虚拟语气：与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句谓语用“had过去分词”；与将来事实相反，从句谓语用“would/could/

20、might动词原形”。从句内容与事实相符或可能成为事实时，则用陈述语气。比较状语从句比较状语从句一般位于句尾，常用as .as，not as/so .as，比较级than引导。单句语法填空1If the guests are seated at the table，the hosts may serve the food，or it may be passed so that each person may help himself.2Enjoying a fresh morning is important because/as it can set the mood for the res

21、t of the day.3And he speaks so slowly and strangely that it takes patience to understand what he is saying.4They treat her as though/if she were their daughter.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)5And it is wise to have as many good friends we can.6The club was popular that many students signed up for it.7They said this

22、 was a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.状语从句的省略1时间、让步、方式、地点状语从句的省略如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。例While in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.在北京时，我参观了颐和园。例He often makes mistakes when speaking English.说英语时他经常出错。例The woman teacher left the cl

23、assroom silently as though (she was) angry.这位女老师默默地离开了教室，好像生气了。例Though (it was) cold，he still wore a shirt.虽然天气冷，但他仍然穿一件衬衫。2条件状语从句的省略(1)在if it is possible，if it is necessary，when it is necessary等类似结构中，it is常省略。例Come tomorrow if possible.如果可能的话就明天来吧。例Unless (it is) necessary，youd better not refer to

24、the dictionary.如果没有必要，你最好不要查词典。(2)在虚拟条件句中连词if的省略。在虚拟条件句中，如果从句谓语中含有had/were/should，if可省略，把had/were/should提至句首引起倒装。例Were I(If I were) twenty now，I would join the army.如果我现在二十岁，我就参军。例Had you come(If you had come) yesterday，you would have met her.如果你昨天来，你就见到她了。例Should there be(If there should be) a floo

25、d，what should we do？万一发生洪水，我们该怎么办？1牢记连词词义并能熟练运用是解答题目的先决条件；2牢记固定句式结构，确定从属连词；3根据主从句的逻辑关系确定状语从句的连接词。如果主从句是因果关系，则要考虑用because，as，since; 如果主从句有时间先后之分，则要考虑用时间状语从句的连接词；如果从句为主句的条件， 则要考虑用if; 如果从句表示让步， 则要考虑用although，though，while。典例1It is often said that the joy of travelling is not in arriving at your destinat

26、ion in the journey itself.解析根据句意可知，空处前后为选择关系，not.but.结构表示“不是而是”，连接两个并列成分，符合句意。答案but典例2How long do you think it is he arrived here?No more than half a year，I believe.解析“It is时间段since sb.did sth.”意为“自从某人做某事到现在有多久了”，为固定句型。答案since.单句语法填空Group 11The explosion rocked the lake with such a force dead fish i

27、mmediately began to surface.(2019长春模拟)答案that解析考查连词。本句用了such.that.结构，意为“如此以至于”。2In addition，forests have been decreasing rapidly too many trees have been cut down.(2019山东菏泽模拟)答案because/as解析考查连词。根据上下文语境看，此空应该填表原因的连词because/as。3Most importantly，remember the following old rule：try to eat different foods

28、， not too much.(2019湖南联考)答案but/yet解析考查连词。根据语境可知，尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。根据句意可知，空处应用转折连词。4Never lose heart youll make a quick advance in your project.(2019山东潍坊期末)答案and解析本题为“祈使句and陈述句”结构，根据句意可知前后两句为顺承关系，故填and。5I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate an old man with huge bags sat down

29、 across from me.(2019山西太原模拟)答案when解析考查连词。hardly.when.意为“一就”，为固定用法，符合语境，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。6If you visit Nepal，you will find Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands， in North America and the UK.，people greet one another by shaking hands.(2019贵州适应性测试)答案wh

30、ile解析考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示尼泊尔人双手合十打招呼，而在北美和英国，人们通过握手打招呼。该空前后为转折关系，表对比，故用while。7In the state of Iowa， you live more than a mile away from school you can get a school permit.(2018河南豫南豫北名校精英联赛)答案if解析句意为：在艾奥瓦州，如果你住在离学校一英里以外的地方，你就可以拿到学校的许可证。填if，引导条件状语从句。8Ten years later I still keep in touch with my classmates， Ive never met them after graduation.(2019浙江杭州一模)答案though/although解析根据主从句的逻辑关系可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，故填though或although。9But for now，they all have to postpone their plans the wi