人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结.docx

1、人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结选修六知识点总结Unit 1情愿做.sth情愿sb做would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather thanI 词汇及结构1.would rather do sthwould rather sb did情愿做 . 而不愿意做：do sthI would rather you 它。2.faith n.hadn信任 , 信仰= prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth yesterday . 我宁愿你昨天没有告诉我关于

2、t told me about itbe faithful to sb忠实于某人 忠于信仰 ; 守信 相信 , 信任keep faith with have faith in3.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text so+adj+a(an)+( 单数可数 ) (+that ) so many/few +n ( 复数 ) (+ that ) so much/little ( 不可数 ) (+

3、that ) such+adj.+n.( 不可数 )/ n ( 复数 )eg.1) The book is interesting that I want to read it again.2)It was a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly3)It was cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.4)There are many mistakes in your composition that I can5)He has made rapid p

4、rogress that he got the first in the exam.6) that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.two feet thick.t understand it.07 陕西）A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business4.consequently adv. 所以，因此conseq

5、uent adj. 作为结果的 , 随之发生的 as a consequence/result = in consequence = so as a consequence/result of = because of5 .aim without aim 无目的的 / 无目标的 (take ) aim at 瞄准，对准sb/ sth s aim is to do 的目标是 . aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准 , 力求做到 , 力争达到6.typical adj. 典型的；具有代表性的； 后接 of7.evident 明白的 , 明显的 (apparent)be evid

6、ent to sb. 对某人来说很明显be evident in sth 在某方面很明显8.adopt 采用，收养 adapt 改编，使适应9. possess 用作动词时， be possessed of sth be possessed byin possession of sth （ in the possession of sb 10.a great/ good deal a great/ good deal of 1）修饰可数名词：不能用于进行时 。 具有、拥有由支配、控制表主动）占有（表被动） 被某人占有 大量 ; 大量 后可接形容词比较级 后接不可数名词many a fewa g

7、ood/great manyA great many buildings have been built along the street.a large/ big/ great/ / small number of Many a + 单数名词More than one + 单数名词 2）修饰不可数名词： much a good/great deal ofa large amount of （ 谓语动词用单数 ）large amounts of （ 谓语动词用复数 ） 3）修饰可数和不可数名词a lot of/lots ofplenty ofa large quantity of （ 谓语动词

8、用单数 ）large quantities of （ 谓语动词用复数 ） 练习：1. the students in our school go to college in their teens.A good many B. A great many ofC. A great deal of D. A lot of2.He is better now. Don t worry about him.A.more B. a great deal ofC. a number of D.a great deal11.attempt 尝试，企图，努力attempt doing 反复尝试做attempt

9、 to do 企图做 attempt to do/doing = try to do/doing make an attempt to do sth/ at doing sth at one s attempt 在 sb 尝试下12.on （the ） one hand on the other hand 一方面另一方面 13.be specific to 特有的，独特的14.in the flesh 活生生，本人，亲自15.preference - preferby preference. 首先 , 最好in preference to 优先于have a preference for 偏爱

10、16.appeal to 有吸引力，使感兴趣appeal to sb for sth. 呼吁 , 恳求17.不负盛名 失去盛名； 赢得很高的声誉reputation n. 名誉 , 名声live up to one s reputation lose one s reputation win a high reputation句型：1. to do 是一种常见结构，表示“最序数词 the first/the second/the last（ sb.）早、第二、最后做某事的人” ，其中的不定式作后置定语；如果主语和不定式之间有被动关 系，不定式应使用被动结构 to be done 。My mon

11、itor is always the first to come to school and the last to leave. 我的班长总是第一个到校、最后一个离开。To tell the truth, he was the last person to be met with by the manager. 说实话，他是最后一个被经理接见的人。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女选手。2.It is amazing/surprising/astonishin

12、g/shocking that.是一种常见句型，表示 令人吃惊、震惊、惊讶等 ”，其中 it 是形式主语， that 引导名词性从句作句子的真正主语。 这种句型可以用 to ones amazement/surprise/astonishment/shock 这些短语作状语来改写。It is surprising that children who are seven years old dont know how to brush ones teeth.令人吃惊的是，七岁的孩子还不知道怎么刷牙To our shock, the terrorist explosion caused over

13、one hundred deaths. 令我们震惊的是，这次恐怖爆炸造成了一百多人死亡。语法：虚拟语气1.虚拟语气用于条件句、其它句型中与现在事实相反时从句用过去时 (did/were) ，主句用 would/should/could/might 动词原 形How nice it if I a sister like you!Awas; had B would be; had had C would have been; had D would be; had【解析】 题干表达与现在事实相反的内容，根据规则选 D项2.与过去事实相反时从句用过去完成时 (had done) ，主句用 would

14、/should/could/might have doneWere you in time for the lecture?If I told earlier, I would have.A had been B was C were to be D should be选 A。 由问句看出与过去事实相反，因而从句中使用过去完成时。3.与将来事实相反时， 从句中可用三种形式， 即动词的过去式 /should 动词原形 /were to 动词原形。This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the first year,we w

15、ould repair it at our expense.A would B should C could D might 分析：后一句实际上使用了与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句中使用 should 表示“假如； 万一” fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cutoff.A Would you be B Should you be C Could you be D Might you be【解析】 前一分句实际上使用的是虚拟语气，与将来事实相反从句中使用 If you should be fir

16、ed ，可以省略 if 而把 should 提前到主语之前。4.虚拟语气用于错综时间条件句： 条件句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致， 主句和从句的 谓语要根据各自不同的时间选择适当的动词形式。5.虚拟语气用于含蓄条件句：句中没有条件从句，其内容暗含在短语或上下文中。But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the EnglishWriting Competition.A would not win B would not have won C would win D would have won but for(要不

17、是)引导的短语在句中作状语时，句子的谓语部分常用虚拟语气；此处表 示与过去事实相反，因而使用“ would6.wish 后的宾语从句中：与现在事实相反时用 were 或动词的一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用had +过去分词；与将来事实相反时用 would/could/might +动词原形。How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden!Ahas B had C will have D had had7.在 suggest ， order ， insist ， demand， require ， desire ， co

18、mmand， request ， recommend等表示建议、 命令、要求、愿望的词后面的宾语从句中； 在与 suggestion ， order ， request ， advice ， demand 等 有 关 的 表 语 从 句 、 同 位 语 从 句 中 ； 以 及 在 It be suggested/ordered/requested/ insisted /desired/required that. 句型中用 “(should)动词原形 ”。The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.Awouldn

19、t B couldnt C neednt D shouldntrecommend 表示 “建议”时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语用 “should 动词原形 ”， should 可省略。. His suggestion is that the harvest in before the rainy season comes.A get B should get C be got D will be gotsuggestion 之后的 that 从句是表语从句， 其中谓语用 “should 动词原形”， should 省略。8. 在 Its (high) time that.不能省略 ) ，表示“早就

20、该. 句型中，谓语动词用 过去时或 should 动词原形 (shouldIts no use envying others their success. Its time that you hard.Amust work B were to work C work D workedIts time that. 句型中使用动词的一般过去时9.as if/as though( 好像，似乎 ) 之后的方式状语从句中； if only 句型表示 “要是 多 好啊”中，与现在事实相反时动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用 had +过去分词；与将来事实相反时用 should/would/could/m

21、ight 动词原形。When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .Abreaks B has broken C were broken D had been brokenUnit 2词汇和结构：1.convey v. 传达；运送convey .to. 扌巴 运至 Uconvey .to sb. 向某人传达 / 表达（思想、感情等 ）convey ones feelings 表达感情be fit for. 适合；胜任 注意 appropriate 指适合于特殊的人及场合、地位等； suitable 指适合某种情况或

22、安排； fit 指大小适合或胜任某职位； appropriate 等于 very proper 。4.exchange n /v. 交换；交流；调换；兑换exchange sth. for sth. 拿交换exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物in exchange for. 交换；调换5 sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者 v. 发起；举办；倡议；赞助6.t ake it/things easy 轻松；不紧张；从容take ones time 别着急，慢慢来take sb./sth. seriously 认真对待某人 / 事take.for gran ted

23、对 想当然，认为 理所当然7.run out of 用完，用尽 （人作主语，不用于被动）run out 被用完，耗尽 （物作主语）give out（ 物）用完，耗尽； （ 人）筋疲力尽； use up 用完；用光 , （可以用于被动）8.be made up of 由 构成，组成make up 组成；编造；化妆make up for 弥补9.try out 测试；试验let out 发出；放走；泄露；加宽；加大衣服 句型1.This is why. 这就是的原因。 （ 强调结果 ）This is because. 这是因为。 （ 强调原因 ）The reason why.is/was that

24、.（ 的原因是 ）一般用 that 引导表语从句，而不用 because 。单项填空（1）He didnt go by bike with me. Thats there was something wrong with hisbike.Abecause B why C how D when A2.with 的 复合结构 （ 见全程设计 P22）语法：it用法与强调句1.用作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或各种从句所表示的真正主语。 worries me the way he keeps cha nging his mind.A. This B . That C . What D . It【解

25、析】 it代替后面的名词短语 the way.作形式主语。2.作形式宾语，代指不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语He did nt make clear whe n and where the meet ing would be held.A. this B . that C . it D . these【解析】 it代替后面的 when and where从句作形式宾语。The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at themeeti ng.A. that B . it C . this D . hi

26、m【解析】it代替后面的不定式作形式宾语。3.表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接 it，然后再跟从句，it代指从句所表达的内容。此类动词有 hate , dislike , enjoy , appreciate 等。rd appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B . it C . this D . you【解析】it代指后面的if从句所表达的内容。4.it用来指代上文提到的事物、情况等Being a pare nt is not always easy, and being the

27、 pare nt of a child with special n eeds ofte n carries with extra stress.A. it B . them C . one D . him【解析】 it 代指 being the parent of a child with special needs 这一意义。5.强调句的基本句型：It is /was +被强调部分+ that +从句。被强调部分是人时可用who/whom代替that ,强调时间、地点、原因状语时，通常只使用that ,而不使用 when, where, why。被强调的部分一般是主语、宾语、各种状语。It

28、 was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.A. how B . which C . that D . where【解析】 分析句子结构看出，题干使用的是强调句型，因而使用连词 that。6.强调句的复杂结构形式：1强调句用于 n ot.u ntil 结构：It is/was + notun til. + that +其他部分。2强调句用于一般疑问句：Is/Was +被强调部分+ that +其他部分。3强调句用于特殊疑问句： 被强调的通常是疑问代词或疑问副词， 其强调结构是：疑问词（被强调部分

29、）+ is/was + it + that +其他部分？It was not un til midni ght they reached the camp site.A. that B . when C . while D . as【解析】 句中强调了时间状语 not until ，连词使用that。7.判断是否是强调句是，可把 It is / was that去掉，剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下还是一个完整的句子，那么这种句子是强调句。It was in the_street_that丄met her father.It was because_she_was_ill_that_they d

30、id nt In _the_street_I_met her father.task her to do the job.t Because she was ill, they did n task her to do the job.Unit 3词汇：1.abuse n /v. 滥用；虐待drug abuse 吸毒be badly abused 被虐待abuse of power 滥用权力2.stress n. 压力；重音 v. 加压力于；使紧张lay/put/place stress on 把重点放在 上；强调un der the stress of 为 所迫stress the importa nee of 强调 的重要性单项填空Things can easily go wrong when people are under .Astress B weight C load D strength3.ban v. 禁止；取缔 n. 禁令be banned from doing sth. 被禁止做某事there be a ban on. 禁止；禁令4.quit v. 停止（做某事 ） ；离开quit doing sth. 停止做某事quit office/ones job 离职quit on eself of sth. = be quit of sth. 摆脱某事