新步步高高考英语牛津译林版江苏专用一轮复习讲义Book 5 Unit 2 含答案.docx

1、新步步高高考英语牛津译林版江苏专用一轮复习讲义Book 5 Unit 2 含答案话题词汇1.environmentally friendly环保的2.pollutant n.污染物3.recycle v.回收4.nonrenewable adj.不可再生的5.disastrous adj.灾难性的6.alternative energy替代能源7.endangered species濒危物种8.limited natural resources有限的自然资源9.global warming全球变暖10.arouse peoples awareness of environmental prot

2、ection提高公众的环保意识经典语篇你所在的班级正在准备办一期英语墙报，主题为“保护环境，控制污染”，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语短文。1.工业快速发展的同时也造成了环境污染；2.增强环保意识和控制人口增长可以减少污染；3.号召人们共同努力，参与环保。注意：1.词数150左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。佳作欣赏We are happy to see that the world economy is developing fast，but with the fast development of industry come different kinds of pollution.We

3、 have been surrounded by polluted air，water and soil.It is clear that they have become the problems which worry nearly everyone and the government.How to prevent pollution？We must both strengthen peoples sense of environmental protection and control the increase of population.We should know that des

4、troying the environment means destroying our own homethe earth.I hope all the people in the world will join hands to protect the environment.Only in this way will we have a good future.思维发散1.将第句改为正常语序Different kinds of pollution come with the fast development of industry.2.将第句改为简单句They have become t

5、he problems worrying nearly everyone and the government.3.仿照第句用倒装句完成句子只有认真观察每个雨滴是怎样汇成小溪的，你才能理解如何用许多小的成就实现梦想。Only by watching how each raindrop comes down in a stream can you understand how it takes many small accomplishments to realize a dream.重点单词A.写作单词1.belief (n.)看法；信念2.impress (vt.)使印象深刻3.willin

6、g (adj.)愿意的，乐意的4.decrease (vt.& vi.)减少；(n.)减少5.debate (n.& vi.)辩论；争论，讨论6.queue (vi.)排队等候；(n.)队，行列7.quantity (n.)数量quality (n.)质量；品质8.particular (adj.)专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的particularly (adv.)尤其，特别9.appreciate (vt.)欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会appreciation (n.)感激，感谢；欣赏；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定，评估10.illegal (adj.)违法的，非法的illegally (ad

7、v.)违法地，非法地legal (adj.)法律许可的，合法的legally (adv.)法律上，合法地B.阅读单词11.decade (n.)十年12.arrest (vt.& n.)逮捕13.conflict (vi.)冲突，抵触；(n.)冲突；矛盾14.credit (n.)赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分15.range (n.)范围；一系列；山脉；(vi.)(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序16.conservation (n.)(对自然环境的)保护conserve (v.)保护；保存17.consume (vt.)消耗，耗费；消费consumer (n.)消费者，顾客，用户1

8、8.absorb (vt.)吸收；理解；使全神贯注absorbed (adj.)全神贯注的，专心致志的19.production (n.)产量；生产produce (v.)生产，制造；(n.)产品；产量product (n.)产品；产物.重点短语1.open the floor自由发言2.cut back on减少，削减，缩减3.use up用尽4.run out (of)用完，耗尽5.clean up打扫(或清除)干净6.queue up排队等候7.pick out找出，挑选8.under way进行中9.in/with regard to关于，至于10.let off排放11.in par

9、ticular尤其，特别12.do ones part尽自己的职责.经典句式1.It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.很显然，你们对环境的现状很担忧。2.Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment.林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们所生产的东西的数量。3.However，I do agree

10、 that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.然而，我非常赞同我们应该利用回收材料制造更多的产品，减少原材料的使用，因为原材料的供应越来越紧张。4.What if they run out?如果它们用完了怎么办呢？5.There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing i

11、n recent years.毫无疑问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。1多词一义debate，argue，quarrel，discuss(1)debate on/over/about sth.就某事辩论debate从句 讨论(2)under debate正在讨论中beyond debate毋庸置疑(1)They debated about who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 oclock.就谁该对这起交通事故承担责任，他们一直辩论到9点。(2)Our class held a debate on whether st

12、udents should take cell phones to school.我们班进行了关于学生是否应该带手机去学校的辩论。(3)The suggestion is still under debate.那个提议仍然还在讨论中。词义辨析debate，argue，quarrel，discuss(1)debate多指公开、正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论，侧重双方各自申诉理由。(2)argue指一方坚持自己的意见、立场和观点，通过争论企图说服对方。(3)quarrel争吵，因生气而发生语言冲突。(4)discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的磋商，以便统一认识。多维训练(1)选词填空

13、He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday.Those girls are always quarrelling over little things.In todays meeting we will further discuss what to teach during the next week.The whole class debated heatedly on how to raise enough money.(2)完成句子我们正在讨论下一步该怎么办。We are debating what to do next

14、.这则新闻的真实性毋庸置疑。The truth of this news is beyond debate.2应试指导hold the belief that.在作文中的应用(1)beyond (ones) belief难以置信hold the belief that持有的观点It is ones belief that.某人相信(2)believe v.相信believe in信任believe it or not信不信由你(1)The story of his life is beyond my belief.他的生平令我难以置信。(2)It is my belief that good

15、manners are important to everyone.我相信礼貌对大家很重要。(3)He has lost his belief in God.他已经不相信上帝了。多维训练(1)完成句子人们经常持有发展对环境有害的观点。People often hold the belief that development is bad for the environment.信不信由你，他真的胜利了。Believe it or not he actually won.(2)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have tota

16、l belief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A how B thatC which D whether答案B解析考查同位语从句的引导词。句意为：高层次的成功的唯一方法就是要完全相信你在体育运动方面比任何人都要强。分析结构可知，此处 belief后接了同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，用that引导，所以正确答案为B。3(1)operate on/upon sb.给某人动手术(2)operation n.手术；操作be in operation在运转；在行动中；在实施中come/go into operation开始工作(生

17、效)put/bring into operation实施；实行(3)operator操作员；话务员(1)The department store is well operated.这家百货公司经营得很好。(2)Do you know how to operate the heating system?你知道怎么操作这个加热系统吗？(3)When the machine is in operation，keep away from it.机器运转时，请勿靠近。多维训练(1)用operate的适当形式填空The new law will come into operation later this

18、 year.In the good care of the nurses，the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation.He dialed the operator and put in a call for Rome.(2)The doctor said that the patient had at once，which made us all worried.A.to operate B.to be operatedC.operated D.to be operated on答案D解析sb.be operated on某

19、人需要动手术，on不能省去。4(1)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事take ones measure量某人的尺寸make sth.to ones own measure照某人的尺寸做(2)measure sth.by.用衡量某物be measured in以计measure量量起来(用主动形式)(1)The center has over 300 scientists devoted to finding effective measures that will stop desertification.这个中心有300多位科学家致力于

20、寻找有效措施来阻止沙漠化。(2)The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的高价格，以保证市场稳定。(3)Education shouldnt be measured purely by examination results.教育不应该纯粹用考试结果来衡量。(4)Do you know the history of that bridge measuring as long as 200 meter

21、s?你知道那座有200米长的桥的历史吗？多维训练(1)完成句子当他宝宝出生时，护士量了一下，孩子50厘米长。When his baby was born，the nurse measured it and it measured 50 centimeters long.他们呼吁人们和政府采取措施来对抗它。They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.在美国，测量距离以英里计。In the US，distance is measured in miles.(2)My mother used

22、to make new clothes my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.A.with B.forC.to D.by答案C解析句意为：妈妈过去常常在春节来临时为我量体裁衣。make sth.to ones own measure照某人的尺寸做，故选择C。5应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查(1)beyond/out of ones range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围within/in the range of在范围之内(2)range from.to.从到之间变化range between.and.在到之间变动(

23、1)A wide range of colors and patterns are available.各种颜色和样式都有。(2)Be sure that the game you select is within the range of students ability.确保你选的游戏在学生能力范围之内。(3)She has had a number of different jobs，ranging from chef to swimming instructor.她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。图解助记多维训练(1)用适当的介词或所给词的适当形式填空Costs range fr

24、om 50 to several hundred pounds.If the target was farther than fifty metres，then it was out of range.Ranging(range) from 2 to 98 yuan，the prices are reasonable.(2)This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A.division B.areaC.range D.circle答案C解析句意为：这家餐馆因

25、其各种各样适合所有人口味及腰包的食品而深受大家的喜爱。division分离，部门，分歧；area领域，地区；range批，组，类，范围，a wide range of sth.各种各样的；circle圆形，圈子。根据句意可知，选C项。6应试指导(1)后跟非谓语动词的考查(2)写作高级句式：I would appreciate it if.(1)appreciate doing.感激做I would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n.欣赏；感激in appreciation of因赏识而；因感激而(1)When you look people

26、in the eye，they feel you appreciate what they are saying.当你直视别人的眼睛，他们会感觉你欣赏他们所说的话。(2015安徽)(2)And Ill appreciate it very much if you give me an early reply.如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。(3)Here I sincerely express my appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase.如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子，我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。特别提醒(1)appreciate

27、后接v.ing形式。(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，需先接it作形式宾语，再接从句。多维训练(1)用所给词的适当形式填空I dont appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.This dinner is being held in appreciation (appreciate) of all your hard work.(2)同义句改写 I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.(用

28、appreciate改写)Id appreciate it if you would turn off the lights.7应试指导cut短语语境词义辨析cut down砍倒；削减；压缩cut in插嘴cut up切碎；使痛心cut off切断；阻隔cut out剪掉；删掉；停止(1)The doctor told me to cut back on smoking.医生要我减少吸烟。(2)I felt I had been cut off from the outside world for years.我感觉与世隔绝好多年了。(3)I must cut out going to bed

29、 too late.我必须改掉晚睡的习惯。多维训练(1)用cut短语填空How can you cut down the risk of cancer?He also supplied the north when America cut off energy aid.He had cut up the meat before his mother came back.Dont try to cut in while others are talking.(2)Queen Elizabeth ，who has reached a major milestone by becoming the

30、longestreigning monarch，has her international travel and lightened her work load somewhat，but still carries out many royal duties.A.made up for B.given way toC.cut back on D.got down to答案C解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：女王伊丽莎白二世成为了在位时间最长的君主，这是一个重要的里程碑，她已经削减了她的国际旅行，这在某种程度上减轻了她的工作量，但是她仍旧要履行许多皇室义务。make up for补偿，弥补；give way to给让路，让位于；cut back on削减，缩减；get down to开始认真考虑，着手处理。根据语境可知选C。8多词一义run out of，give out，use uprun out 结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态)give out用完；发出(热、光等)；公布(不及物，一般不用于进行时态)use up用完(及物)(1)As a matter of fact，we have run out of stock for a few weeks.事实上，我们的货已脱销几个星期了。(2)Our food will s