最新中考英语人教版考点知识拓展第5讲八年级上Units12.docx

1、最新中考英语人教版考点知识拓展第5讲八年级上Units12第5讲八年级(上)Units 121few(adj.)fewer(比较级)fewest(最高级)2bored(adj.)boring(adj.)令人感到厌倦的3decide(v.)decision(n.)决定4building(n.)build(v.)建造5hungry(adj.)hunger(n.)饥饿6hard(adv.)努力hardly(adv.)几乎不7one(num.)once(adv.)一次8two(num.)twice(adv.)两次9full(adj.)empty(adj.反义词)空的10little(adj.&adv.

2、)less(比较级)least(最高级)11health(n.)healthy(adj.)健康的unhealthy(adj.)不健康的12die(v.)dead(adj.)死的death(n.)死亡1quite a few相当多2of course当然3feel like感受到4because of因为5stay at home待在家6another two hours又两个小时7in the past在过去8find out找出；查明9hardly ever几乎从不10at least至少；起码11such as例如12more than多于13less than少于14how often多

3、久一次15old habits die hard积习难改1Did you buy anything special？你买特别的东西了吗？2Everything tasted really good所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃！3Because of the bad weather，we couldnt see anything below.因为坏天气，我们没能看到下面的任何景色。4My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.我的双腿太累了以至于我想停下来。5How often do you exercise？你多久锻炼一次？Twice a week一周

4、两次。6What does she do on weekends？她周末做什么？She sometimes goes shopping.她有时去购物。7How many hours do you usually sleep at night？晚上你通常睡几个小时？8My father didnt bring enough money我爸爸没带足够的钱。9I felt like I was a bird.我感觉自己就像一只鸟。decide【典例在线】We decided on spending the vacation by the sea.我们决定在海边度假。He decided to go

5、to France for his holiday.他决定到法国去度假。I cant decide what to wear.我不能决定穿什么。【拓展精析】decide动词，意为“决定”。decide on sth.就某事而定decide (not) to do sth.决定(不)做某事decide“特殊疑问词动词不定式”decision名词，意为“决定”。make a decision做决定【活学活用】1)他们决定在周末去游泳。They decided_to go swimming on weekends.2)在你生气的时候，请不要做任何决定。Please dont make_any_dec

6、isions when you are angry.try【典例在线】Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them.父母们试图为他们的孩子们计划人生。We should try our best to protect the environment.我们应该尽力保护环境。He is trying finishing the work by himself.他正试着独自完成这项工作。Can I try on the dress？我能试穿这条裙子吗？【拓展精析】try动词，“试图；设法；努力”。try to do sth.试图去做某事tr

7、y ones best to do sth.尽力去做某事try doing sth.尝试着去做某事try on试穿try名词，意为“尝试”。have a try尝试一下【活学活用】3)We can go to Jinan Railway Station by bus.Why not _A_ there for a change?Atry walkingBtrying to walkCtry to walk Dto try walking4)This yellow Tshirt looks nice.May I _C_？Sure.(2018，广安)Atry them on Btry on itC

8、try it onhardly【典例在线】I hardly ever exercise.我几乎不锻炼。There is hardly any food in the fridge.冰箱里几乎没有食物了。【拓展精析】hardly副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，表示否定意义，其同义短语为almost not。通常用在形容词、副词或动词之前。注意：hardly不是hard的副词形式。hardly表示频率，常与ever连用。其他表示频率的词还有：never(从不)，sometimes(有时)，often(经常)，usually(通常)，always(总是)，seldom(很少)。【活学活用】5)Did

9、 you go to the cinema last night?Oh，no.I _B_ go to the cinema.The tickets，you know，are too expensive.(2018，宁波)Aalways BhardlyCusually Doften6)My sister _A_ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.(2018，江西)Aalways Bsometimes Chardly Dneveralthough【典例在线】Although/Though they are ve

10、ry poor，(yet) they have enough to eat.他们虽然很穷，但食物还是够吃的。He went out without an overcoat although/though it was very cold.尽管天气很冷，但他没有穿大衣就出去了。【拓展精析】although用作连词，意为“虽然；纵使；不过；然而”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though，两者在大多数情况下可以通用。although引导的从句，既可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后，若置于主句之前，多用逗号与主句隔开。注意：在一个句子中，用了although/though，就不能再用but，但可用yet；

11、用了but就不能用although/though。【活学活用】7)_B_ he was very tired，he continued working in his office.(2018，天津)ASince BAlthoughCAs soon as DBecause8)_D_ Lin Feng has to work late，she always wears a smile on her face.(2018，南京)ABecause BIfCUntil DThoughanother two hours又两个小时【典例在线】There is room for another three p

12、eople in the back of the bus.There is room for three more people in the back of the bus.公共汽车后面还能坐下三个人。【拓展精析】“another数词名词复数”意为“再；又；还”，相当于“数词more名词复数”。【活学活用】9)Have you finished your todays work?No，I need _B_(2018，天水)Atwo another hours Banother two hoursCmore two hours Dtwo other hoursMy father didnt b

13、ring enough money，.我爸爸没有带上足够的钱，【典例在线】We have enough water and bread.我们有足够的水和面包。He runs quickly enough.他跑得足够快。Its warm enough in the room.屋子里够暖和了。The box is light enough for the boy to carry.箱子很轻，那个男孩可以搬动。【拓展精析】enough作形容词，意为“足够的；充足的”，通常用来修饰名词，放在名词前后均可。enough作副词，意为“足够地”，常用来修饰形容词或副词，但只能放在这些词之后。enough后常

14、接(for名词/代词)to do sth.结构，意为“足够做某事”。【活学活用】1)This movie wasnt _A_He fell asleep half way through it.(2018，贺州)Ainteresting enough Benough interestingCinterested enough Denough interested2)Lucy isnt_old_enough_to carry the box.(选出能代替画线部分的一项)(2018，黔西南)_C_Ais so young that she can Bisnt young enough toCis

15、too young to Dis so young toIts good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows.上网或看游戏类节目是很好的放松方式。【典例在线】Its very kind of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了。Its a little difficult for students to learn English.学习英语对于学生来说有点儿难。【拓展精析】句型Itsadj.for sb.to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事”；句型Itsadj.of sb.to do sth.意为“某人做

16、某事”。两种句型中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为to do sth.。注意：在此句型中，中间是用介词of还是介词for，取决于形容词。当形容词修饰sb.时，应用介词of；当形容词修饰to do sth.时，用介词for。【活学活用】3)Its so brave _B_ the soldier to save the boys life.(2018，绥化)Ato Bof Cfor4)Its nice _B_ you _ me with my math.Afor；to help Bof；to helpCfor；helping Dof；helpinghow often，how long，how so

17、on，how far【典例在线】How often do you have a sports meeting？你多久开一次运动会？Twice a year.一年两次。How long have you lived here？你住在这儿多久了？Five years.五年了。How soon will this book come out？这本书多久才会出版？In a few days.几天以后吧。How far is the new supermarket from here？新的超市距离这儿有多远？【拓展精析】how often意为“多久一次”，答语通常是always，usually，ofte

18、n，sometimes，once/twice a day/month等表示频率的副词或短语。how long意为“多长时间”，答语通常是(for) three days/weeks/months等时间段。how soon意为“多久以后”，常用在一般将来时态的句子中，其答语通常是“in一段时间”。how far意为“多远”，答语通常是表示距离的短语。【活学活用】1)How_often are the Olympic Games held?Every four years.2)How_soon will your father be back?In five days.3)How_far is i

19、t from your home to school?5 minutes walk.4)How_long have you worked in this company?Since three years ago.sometimes，some times，sometime，some time【典例在线】Sometimes he goes to the cinema on Sunday.星期天他有时去看电影。He has been to Beijing for some times before.他以前去过北京几次。We will take our holiday sometime in Aug

20、ust.我们将在八月的某个时候度假。I spend some time practicing speaking English every day.我每天花一些时间练习英语。【拓展精析】sometimesat times为频率副词，意为“有时”，表动作发生的不经常性。some times意为“几次；几倍”，time此处为可数名词，意为“次数；倍数”。sometime为副词，表“在某时；有朝一日”，指将来或过去的一个不确定时间。some time指“一段时间”，time此处为不可数名词，意为“时间”。口诀：有s是有时，有时分开好几次；无s是某时，某时分开是一段。【活学活用】5)The forei

21、gn friends will come to our school sometime next week.6)We have known each other for some_time7)Usually I come by car，but sometimes I come by train.8)I am sure that we have met some_times before.maybe，may be【典例在线】Maybe he is not very healthy.可能他不是很健康。The book may be Peters.这本书也许是彼得的。【拓展精析】maybe是副词，意

22、为“可能”，常位于句首，相当于另一副词perhaps。may be是“情态动词maybe”构成的谓语部分，意为“也许是；可能是”。【活学活用】9)She _A_ know the answer，but Im not sure.(2018，贵港)Amaybe Bmay be Cmay Dmustmuch too，too much，too many【典例在线】There are too many cars at this time every day.每天的这个时候都有太多的车辆。I have too much homework to do.我有太多的家庭作业要做。The food there i

23、s much too terrible.那儿的食物太糟糕了。【拓展精析】much too意思是“太”。much是用来加强too的，后接形容词或副词。too much意思是“太多的”。too是用来加强much的，后接不可数名词。too many后接可数名词复数形式，同义于too much。【活学活用】10)There are too_many people on the bus.11)There is too_much water on the floor.12)Im afraid that cap is much_too big for me.because，because of【典例在线】H

24、e stopped playing soccer because of his sore back.他因为背痛停止了踢足球。The sports meeting is put off because it rained heavily last night.由于昨晚雨下得很大，运动会被推迟了。【拓展精析】because of是复合介词短语，后接名词或名词性短语。because回答以why开头的疑问句，并引导原因状语从句。【活学活用】13)He had to retire early _D_ poor health.Aas a result BbecauseCso Dbecause of14)T

25、he red suitcase is expensive _C_ its made of leather.(2018，沈阳)Awhen Bif Cbecause Dthough一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。1I wonder (想知道) which country Alice comes from.2It seems (似乎) that Jack is very happy.Do you know why?3Do you ever (曾经) want to go out to exercise?4Some students in our class like using the Intern

26、et (互联网) and playing online games.5A year later my dog died (死亡)Im sorry to hear that.二、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。6The box is very fullYou cant put anything into it.7Linda had a cold.However，she still went to school yesterday.8It seems to rain.You should take an umbrella with you.9My grandma keeps some hens in

27、 our yard，so we neednt buy eggs.10What can I do for you?Thank you.I think I can do it by myself三、单项选择。11_B_ do you go to the sports club?At least once a week.(2018，苏州)AHow long BHow oftenCHow much DHow far12_C_ the sun was not yet up，many people were already taking exercise in the square.(2018，安徽)AA

28、s BIf CThough DBecause13Harry has decided _B_ an online shop after graduating from school.(2018，上海)Aopen Bto open Copened Dopening14The meat is _B_ delicious.Yes，but dont eat _.(2018，玉林)Atoo much；too much Bmuch too；too muchCtoo much；much too15I could _B_ control my feelings at the moment.The song br

29、ought back so many childhood memories.(2018，连云港)Areally Bhardly Cnearly Dclearly四、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。16电视报道说有110多人感染了H7N9。The TV reported more_than 110 people got H7N9.17上个月相当多的学生去了夏令营。Quite_a_few students went to summer camp last month.18艾伦很生气，全都是因为你。Alan is very upset and it is all because_of you.19他们让我

30、觉得自己是他们家里的一员。They made me feel_like one of their family.20我喜欢很多蔬菜，例如卷心菜、胡萝卜和西红柿。I like lots of vegetables，such_as cabbages，carrots and tomatoes.日记的写作一、英文日记与汉语日记的结构相似，主要由两部分组成，即开端与正文，日记的形式多样，体裁多为记叙文或简单的议论文。写日记要注意以下几点：1日记的第一行要写清日期、星期和天气状况。日期和星期写在正文的左上角，天气状况写在正文右上角。2日记常用第一人称写。日记是对生活的记录，是把自己一天中最有意义的事情记录下来所形成的书面材料。3英文日记的时态。日记中所记述的事情通常发生在过去，常用一般过去时；但当记述天气、描写景物或展望未来时，也可以用一般现在时或一般将来时。4日记的正文可以根据实际情况采用各种题材，如叙事、描述、说明、议论或抒情等