1、英语选修九讲义Unit 4 Section Welcome to the unit Reading Language Points Word版含答案Section_Welcome to the unit & Reading Language Points.高频单词A根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词1Buddhist_adj.佛教的n.佛教徒2straightforwardadj.简单的,易懂的;坦诚的,率直的3underlinevt.强调;突出;加下划线4strikevt.击打;撞击;攻击;罢工n.罢工,击打5handwritingn.笔迹;书法;手写,书写6winen.葡萄酒7pennyn.便
2、士8sowvt.播种;散布9delicateadj.易碎的,脆弱的;纤细的,精致的10agriculturaladj.农业的agriculturen.农业B用所给单词的适当形式填空11JonathanlivedinLondonandhisroomwasfurnishedbarely.Helikesplayingonthebeachandhisbarefeetmadenosoundinthesoftsand.(bare)12Mariawasveryvagueaboutherplansforthefuture.Everytimesomeoneaskedheraboutthefutureplan,
3、shejustsmiledvaguely.(vague)13Thetomatoesquicklyripenedinthehotweather, butsomeothervegetableswerenotripe.(ripen)14Herdoctorgaveherathoroughcheckupandtoldhershehadsufferedfromveryseriousheartdisease.Shesatintheroomfeelingthoroughlymiserable.(thorough).重点短语1byand_by不久,过一会儿2beassociated_with与有关3transl
4、ate.into.把翻译成4inotherwords换句话说,换言之5hireoneself_out打工,受雇于人6catch_on受欢迎,流行.经典句型1句型展示.andunlessyourecognizeanidiomwhen_it_is_being_used,_itiseasytomisunderstandwhatyoureadorhearspoken.除非你能识别习语的运用,否则会很容易误解你所读到的或听到的内容。典例背诵Sogoodthingsarebeingdoneheretosavelocalwildlife.这儿正采取一些有效措施以挽救当地的野生动物。2句型展示However,
5、 manyidiomshaveeitherlosttheiroriginalmeaningsorhaveonlyavagueorlooseconnectionwiththemnow.但今天许多习语的原意或者荡然无存,或者与它们的原意仅有含糊或松散的联系。典例背诵Youcaneitherwriteorphonetorequestacopy.既可以写信也可以打电话索取一本。1bareadj.裸露的;无遮盖的;空的v.(使)露出教材原句Thestatuehadaheadandthroatofgold, chestandarmsofsilver, legsofiron, andanklesandbar
6、efeetmadeofironandclay.塑像的头和喉咙是金色的,胸臂是银的,两腿是铁的,脚踝和裸露的脚是半铁半泥的。Thechildwasbaretothewaist, hisbodyshivering.那孩子光着膀子,浑身哆嗦。(1)withyourbarehands赤手空拳laysth.bare暴露;揭露(2)bareyoursoul (tosb.) (向某人)打开心扉Everyaspectoftheirprivateliveshasbeenlaidbare.他们的私生活全部被曝光了。Areyouapersonwhoalwaysbaresyoursoultoothers?你是一个经常
7、能向别人敞开心扉的人吗?即境活用1The_factisthatsomeEuropeancountriesareheavilyindebt, _Chinaseconomyisgenerallyingoodshape.Asimple; so Bbare; neverthelessCobvious; because Dclear; despite解析:选B。句意:很明显欧洲国家负债累累,然而,中国的经济发展处于良好的态势。bare“无遮盖的,显而易见的”; nevertheless“然而”。2strikevt.&vi.击打;撞击;攻击;罢工;划(火柴);打动n.罢工形象记忆教材原句Inthedrea
8、m, astoneflewatthestatueandstruckitonthefeet.在这个梦里,一个石头砸向了塑像,正好落到塑像的脚上。(2012四川高考完形填空)Hewaslyinginbedwhensomethinglikeasmokealarmstruckhisears.他躺在床上时听到像烟雾报警器一样的声音。strike.with.用敲打Itstrikessb.that.某人突然意识到bestruckby.被打动;深受感动Hewassoangrythathestruckthetablewithhisfist.他气得用拳头砸桌子。Thevisitorswerestruckbythe
9、beautyofthetouristarea.游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。Itstrikesmethatnobodyisreallyinfavourofthechanges.我突然意识到没人真正赞成这些变动。即境活用2ThepopularityoffilmssuchasJurassicPark, inwhichascientistclonesseveralkindsofextinctdinosaurs, proveshowtheidea_amixtureoffearandexcitementintopeopleshearts.Aobtained BstruckCresisted Dindicat
10、ed解析:选B。句意:在侏罗纪公园中一个科学家克隆了几种已经灭绝的恐龙,这类电影的流行证实了这种想法如何引起人们的恐惧和兴奋。strike 意为“引起,冲击”,符合句意。obtain “获得,得到”; resist “抵抗,反抗”; indicate “表明,指出”。3thoroughadj.完全的,彻底的;细致的,深入的教材原句WhenyouhaveathoroughunderstandingofEnglishidiomsandtheirorigins, youcanbetterunderstandandappreciatethehistoryandculturesofEnglishspea
11、kingcountries, becauseidiomsarecarriersofhistoryandculture.透彻地了解英语习语及其起源,你可以更好地理解和欣赏说英语国家的历史和文化,因为习语是历史和文化的载体。Gracegavetheroomathoroughcleaning.格雷斯对房间进行彻底打扫。Heisathoroughscoundrel, asisknowntous.我们都知道,他是一个彻头彻尾的恶棍。Jeremyisverythoroughinhiswork.杰里米对工作一丝不苟。即境活用3Thepersonalinformationyougiveintheapplica
12、tionformistoo_.Youshouldfocusonsomethingspecialaboutyourself.Acommon BoriginalCordinary Dthorough解析:选D。句意:你的申请表里提供的个人信息太面面俱到了。你应该重点说说你的特长。由后一句 You should focus on something special about yourself. 可知答案为D, thorough 的意思为“彻底的;详尽的;全面的”。4.inotherwords换句话说,换言之教材原句Inotherwords, itsmeaningcanbeverydifferent
13、fromtheapparentmeaningsofitscomponents.换言之,其含义与组成单词的意思可能完全不同。Hiswifeismydaughter; inotherwords, Iamhismotherinlaw.他妻子是我女儿。换句话讲,我是他的岳母。Theyaskedhimtoleave inotherwords, hewasfired.他们请他走人,也就是说,他被解雇了。beyondwords难以用言语形容havewordswithsb.与某人吵嘴haveawordwithsb.与某人说句话ina/oneword简而言之,总之,一句话uponmyword说实在话,我敢保证w
14、eighoneswords斟酌字句wordforword逐字地CouldIhaveawordwithyouafterthemeeting?今后我们可否谈谈?点津word 意为“消息;传闻,谣言”时,作不可数名词。Ireceivedthewordofhissafearrival.我接到了他平安抵达的消息。即境活用4Howmenfirstinventedwordsisunknown._,thebeginningoflanguageisamystery.AInotherwords BInawordCInwords DInconclusion解析:选A。句意:没有人知道人类起初是怎样发明文字的,也就是
15、说,语言的起源是个谜。in other words“换句话说”,符合句意。in a word“总之”;in words“用语言”;in conclusion“最后,总之”。5.catchon受欢迎,流行;明白,意识教材原句Somehow, makingupmodernidiomsisnotasstraightforwardasitfirstappeared fewofthesenewidiomswouldeverreallycatchon.不知怎么地,编写现代成语并不像最初它出现的那样简单这些新成语中很少会真正地流行下去。Thatphrasehascaughton, evenifpeopled
16、isagreeaboutwhatitmeans.那个短语最近很流行,即使人们不同意它的意思。Pleaserepeatwhatyousaid, Ididntquitecatchon.请把你的话再说一遍,我不太明白。catchat试图抓住be/getcaughtin遭遇,被困住catchupwith赶上;追上catchsb.doingsth.当场抓住某人做某事Hecaughtatthefeatherfloatingintheair, butdidntmakeit.他想去抓飘浮在空中的羽毛,但没抓到。Jackhasbeenworkinghardandhascaughtupwithhisclassma
17、tesinstudies.杰克一直在努力学习,并已经赶上了他的同班同学。Thepolicecaughthimstealingacar.警察当场抓住他在偷汽车。即境活用5Someholidaysaresomuchfunthatthey_outsideoftheirculture.Acatchat BcatchupCcatchon Dgoon解析:选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:有些节日实在是很有趣,所以在本土文化以外的地方也很受欢迎。catch on “流行,受欢迎”,符合句意。 catch at “抓住”; catch up “赶上”; go on “继续”。1.andunlessyoureco
18、gnizeanidiomwhenit_is_being_used,_itiseasytomisunderstandwhatyoureadorhearspoken.除非你能识别习语的运用,否则会很容易误解你所读到的或听到的内容。whenitisbeingused使用的是现在进行时的被动语态。现在进行时的被动语态的构成:主语 is/am/are being 过去分词,其用法如下:(1)表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。Mycarisbeingrepairednow.我的汽车正在修理中。(2)表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作,但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。Somenewhousesarebeingbuiltn
19、earthepark.公园附近在建一些房子。(3)表示经常的被动行为,常和always, often, constantly等词连用表达某种感情色彩。Heisalwaysbeingpraisedbytheteacher.老师总是表扬他。(4)与部分情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的动作的推测。Hemaybebeingbeatenbyhisfatherattheverymoment.他父亲此刻可能正在揍他。即境活用1(2012四川高考)Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse_.Aisbeingrebuilt Bhas
20、beenrebuiltCisrebuilt Dhasrebuilt解析:选A。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:他们现在暂时和父母一起居住,因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知,应使用现在进行时态,且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系,故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。2However, manyidiomshaveeitherlosttheiroriginalmeaningsorhaveonlyavagueorlooseconnectionwiththemnow.但今天许多习语的原意或者荡然无存,或者与它们的原意仅有含糊或松散的联系。(1)either.or.或者或者,不是就是,在句中连
21、接两个并列成分。Youmayeitherstayathomeorgotherewithus.你既可以待在家里又可以和我们一道去那儿。(连接并列谓语)(2)either.or.在连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词必须在人称和数上与靠近的主语保持一致。EitheryouorTomhasdoneit.不是你就是汤姆做了这件事。(连接并列主语)(3)either的反义词为neither,表示“(两者)都不”, neither.nor.意为“既不也不”。Neitheryounorhehasmadethemistake.犯错误的既不是你又不是他。即境活用2(2012新课标全国卷)LarryasksBilland
22、Petertogoonapicnicwithhim, but_ofthemwantsto, becausetheyhaveworktodo.Aeither BanyCneither Dnone解析:选C。考查代词。后半句句意:他们两个都不想去,因为他们都有工作要做。对两者的全部否定用neither。.单词拼写1Shecanonlygiveavague (粗略的) descriptionofherattacker.2Strikesbyprisonofficersunderline (突出)theneedforreforminourgaols (监狱制度)3Theprocedureisquites
23、traightforward (简单的)4Hestruck (击打) thetableaheavyblowwithhisfist.5Icantreadhishandwriting (书法)6Imadeverythorough (详尽的) notesofthemeeting.7Helookeddownathislongwhitedelicate (纤细的) fingers.8Heissowing (播种) aplotoflandwithgrass.完成句子1码头工人将举行罢工要求增加工资。Thedockersarecomingouton_strikeforhigherwages.2天气允许的话,
24、我们不久就会回来。Wellreturnby_and_by,_weatherpermitting.3我很快发现我在做的工作已经被别人干过了,换言之,我在浪费时间。IsoonfoundthattheworkIwasdoinghadbeendonebysomeoneelsein_other_wordsIwaswastingtime.4地板太脏了,你应该彻底打扫一下。Thefloorissodirtyandyoushould_clean_it_thoroughly.5这在英国是个受欢迎的款式,但是在美国却始终没有流行起来。ItwasapopularstyleinBritainbutitneverrea
25、llycaught_oninAmerica.单项填空1(2010天津高考)TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercutting_atthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo.Aareexhibiting BisexhibitingCarebeingexhibited Disbeingexhibited解析:选C。本题考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。“民间艺术”和“展出”为动宾关系,应用被动语态,可排除A、B两项;C、D两项为现在进行时的被动语态,由arts可知C项正确。2Thedriverwasat_losswhen_w
26、ordcamethathewasforbiddentodriveforspeeding.Aa; the B/; /Cthe; the Da; /解析:选D。ataloss“不知所措”; word 当“消息”讲时为不可数名词。3Mom, Istillhaveanacheinmystomach.Dontworry.Thepainwillgoaway_.Abytheby BbyandlargeCbyandby Dbyaccident解析:选C。byandby“过一会儿,不久”; by the by “顺便说一下”; by and large “大体上”; by accident “偶然”。根据语境“
27、别担心。疼痛一会儿就会消失的。”4Encourageyourchildrentotrynewthings, buttrynotto_themtoohard.Adraw BstrikeCrush Dpush解析选D。考查动词辨析。句意:多鼓励孩子们去尝试新事物,但是尽量不要强迫他们。push含有“逼迫,敦促”之意。5Their_griefturnedtocrazylaughterinaminute.Aapparent BcrazyCstable Dinvaluable解析:选A。句意:他们那假意的哀伤很快就变成了狂笑。apparent 表示“显然的,外观上的”。 crazy “疯狂的,狂热的”;
28、 stable “稳定的”; invaluable “极有用的”。6Billyisgood, kind, hardworkingandintelligent._, Icantspeaktoohighlyofhim.AInaword BBythewayCOnthewhole DAsaresult解析:选A。句意:比利是一个善良、友好、勤奋、聪明的人。总之,我对他评价再高不过了。in a word “总之”; by the way “顺便说一下”; on the whole “大体上”; as a result “结果”。7Iwas_lostintheplaylastnight.Therewasn
29、othinglikeit.Athoroughly BpartlyCapparently Dhardly解析:选A。考查副词辨析。句意:昨晚我完全沉浸在这个戏剧之中,再没有比这更好的了。thoroughly“彻底地”;partly“部分地”;apparently“明显地”;hardly“几乎不”。8Thegame“Lucky Strike”suddenlyseemedto_andthekidsintheneighborhoodwereallenjoyingit.Atakeon BcatchonCholdon Dcomeon解析:选B。语意表示“街上的孩子个个都在玩Lucky Strike这个游戏
30、”,由此判断答案为B。 catch on“流行起来”,符合句意。take on “呈现,承担”; hold on “别挂断;坚持住”; come on “快点”。9_allofthemarestrongcandidates, onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.ASince BWhileCIf DAs解析:选B。句意:尽管他们所有的人都是很强的候选人,但是只有一个人会被入选这个职位。while在此表示“尽管”。10Theschoolshop, _customersaremainlystudents, isclosedfortheholidays.Awhich BwhoseCwhen Dwhere解析:选B。考查定语从句。空前有逗号,且从句中缺定语,所以用whose引导非限制性定
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