倒装句with的复合结构强调句.docx

1、倒装句with的复合结构强调句倒装句英语句子按主谓排列顺序来分有正常语序和倒装语序。正常语序的结构是“主语+谓语”，倒装语序为 “谓语（或谓语的一部分）+主语”。1）部分倒装- 助动词情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型2）全倒装- 谓语+主语型在以下结构中用全倒装此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1.在there be或者There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist.) 句型中； 如There are thousands of people on the square. Thousands of people are there on t

2、he square.There lived an old fisherman in the village. 原语序：An old fisherman lived there in the village.There stands a little girl. 正常语序：A little girl stands there.2.在“here, there, now, thus, then+动词+主语”的句子中,(谓语动词为be, go, come, lie, run等转移动词一起连用，主语为名词); 如: Now comes my turn. There goes the bell. Then

3、 came the order to leave. Here comes a bus= A bus comes here.A）此类倒装不用进行时态。Here comes a taxi! There goes the last train! 有辆出租车来了! 最后一班火车开走了! (注意这里不可用进行时) B）上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词， 如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here it comes！ There it goes！3.在“out in, up down, offaway，in the distance,on the hill,round the corner”等表示方

4、向性的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首，且主语又是名词，谓语是表示运动的动词。 Away went the crowed one by one. In came a stranger in black. Out rushed the children. Down fell the leaves. On the floor were piles of old books. 注意：主语必须是名词 eg: Out she went.There they are. Here he comes. 而Out went the girl. Here comes the boy.地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词

5、 (如lie, live, sit, stand) 或转移的动词 (如come, go, rise)，用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后。这种情形主要出现在描写文中。如：At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel. 那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。In the fields of poppies lay the dying soldiers. 罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。别的动词如属被动语态也可以倒装。In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 远处可以见到紫色的山。主语如是代词则不能倒装：At t

6、he top of the hill it stood out against the sky. 它背衬青天矗立在山顶上。有时为了强调或者为了使句子平衡或者为了使上下文连接得更加紧密，就将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首，谓语动词也常置于主语前，构成完全倒装。如：By the door stood an armed guard. 门口站着一名手持武器的士兵。At the next table was a pretty girl waiting for someone. 隔壁桌上坐着一个等人的漂亮姑娘。Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉

7、姆就在这些人当中。By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。At the front of the book is a table of contents, giving details of what is in the book. 书的前部有目录，详列了书中的内容。在以下结构中用部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1. 用于疑问句中。如：1) How

8、are you doing2) Did you see the film yesterday2.含有否定或半否定意义的词语（如：not,never,seldom,hardly,little,scarcely,barely,few）；或者含有否定意义的连词（not onlybut also., neither.nor., no sooner hadthan.（一.就.）， scarcely.than., Hardly had when., not until.;nowhere等）；或否定意义的介词词组（by no means(决不),in no caseway（任何情况下都不）,with no

9、method, at no time（决不）, on no account（决不）,under no circumstancescondition.（任何情况下都不）位于句首eg: I have never seen him before.=Never have I seen him before.Not a word did he say when he left. Seldom/Scarcely does he go to that park.Hardly(几乎不) do I speak to him. Little English can he speak.Little does he

10、realize the importance of the meeting. Few people did I see in the street.含有否定意义的连词：eg：1)Not only can he play basketball, but also I can. 2）No sooner had we arrived home than it began to rain. 3）Hardly had we met our friends when the train left.4）Not until the baby fell asleep did the mother leave t

11、he room.(主句倒装，从句不倒装)=The mother didnt leave the room until the baby fell asleep.注意：1)Not only.but also.必须连接两个分句时，才使用部分倒装。而且只倒装not only后的分句。如果连接的是两个并列词语，不用倒装结构。如：Not only his father but also I like reading. not onlybut also前后连接两个句子时，not only后的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的分句不用倒装。如：Not only did he come, but he

12、saw her. 他不仅来了，而且还见到了她。Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。Not only did they present a musical performance, but they also gave a brief introduction to the history of Western brass instrume

13、nts. 他们不但做了音乐表演，而且简短地介绍了西方铜管乐器的历史。2)当not until（直到.才）引导主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不用倒装，或者可以理解为“后倒前不倒（装）”。1. Not only _, but he himself was badly beaten up.A. was he robbed everything he hadB. everything he had was robbed ofC. had everything he had been robbed ofD. was he robbed of everything he had2.I finally was

14、 admitted to Beijing University. Never in all my life _ so happy. A. I felt B. did I feel C. I had felt D. had I felt3. No sooner _ to sleep than the telephone rang once more.A. she went B. she had gone C. did she go D. had she gone4. Hardly _ to write the composition when the bell _.A. had I begun;

15、 rang B. I was beginning; rangC. had I begun; was ringing D. I will begin; rings5. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know含有否定意义的介词词组：如：By no means should we tell lies. On no account should we let him leave. At no tim

16、e决不will I get married to you. In Under no circumstances will I lend money to him.注意：in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。3.only+副词；或介词短语；或状语从句时，主句倒装； eg: Only in this way can you use the computer well. （only+介词短语） Only yesterday did he find out that his w

17、atch was missing.（only+副词）Only when it began to rain did he finish his job.（only+状语从句）按英语习惯同，当“only+状语”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。如：Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。Only in this way can our honour be saved. 只有这样，才能保住我们的荣誉。Only after her death was I able to appreciate her. 只有到她死后我才认识到她的价

18、值。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. 他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。Only when we landed did we see how badly the plane had been damaged. 我们只是在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。Only on one point do I agree with you. 只有一点，我同意你的说法。 1. Only th

19、en _ how much damage had been caused. A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realized D. did she realize2. Only after my friend came _. A. did the computer repaired B. be repaired the computerC. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired特别说明：有时命题者不是利用位于句首的“only+状语”来考查倒装，而是倒过来，利用给定

20、的倒装结构来考查对only的选择。如下面一题(答案选A)：_by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet4. so用在句首，表示另一主语“也.样”时，用“So + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构；而表示另一主语“也不.样”时，用“NorNeither + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构；注意：若是对上文同一主语的情况进行肯定时，不倒装。句型为“So+主语+be或do（did）/have ”

21、。eg：He went to school yesterday, so did I.-David has made great progress recently. -So he has, and so have you.eg：He hasnt finished his homework, and nor have I. eg : If you wont go, neither/nor will I. 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以 证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。 意为“的确如此”。 1) Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.2

22、) -Its raining hard. -So it is. 1. - David has made great progress recently. - _, and _. A. So he has ; so you have B. So he has ; so have you C. So has he ; so have D. So has he ; so you have 2. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _.A. so does John B. John does tooC. John doesnt too D. nor

23、does Johnsothat 结构中的倒装。有时要强调 so 所修饰的形容词或副词，常将 so连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首. 这时，主句要用部分倒装结构。如：1) He ran so fast that he was far ahead of othersSo fast did he run that he was far ahead of othersSo clever is he that he can work out all thedifficult problems in the book 在so. that结构中，若将so+adj. / adv. 置于句首，则其后的主句

24、要用部分倒装。如：So much did they eat that they could not move for the next hour. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 他讲话声音那么大，隔壁屋里的人都听得见。So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 类似地，当suchthat结构的such置于句首时，such后的句子也要使用部分倒装。如：Such a nice man did he seem that

25、 we all believe him. 他像个很和蔼的人，所以我们都喜欢他。1. So loudly _ that everyone of the class could hear him.A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke2. So little _ agree on the plan that they could not settle their differences.A. do they B. did they C. they did D. they did not3. So difficult _ it

26、to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for adviceA. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found4. _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A. so curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were

27、D. The couple was such curious5. Its burning hot today, isnt it?Yes. _ yesterday. A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it6. Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. _C_, and so did I. A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she7.Father, you promised! Well, _D_. But it was you

28、who didnt keep your word first. A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did5. 倒装句中的主谓一致在“副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语谓语动词主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。On the wall hang two maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。Here is your coat. 这是你的外套。He

29、re are your running-shoes. 这是你的跑鞋。Such is the result. 结果就是这样Such are the results. 这就是结果。例题讲解1. 考查never置于句首时的倒装当否定副词never置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为B）(1) Never in my wildest dreams _ these people are living in such poor conditions. (安徽卷)A. I could imagine B. could I imagine C. I couldnt im

30、agine D. couldnt I imagine2. 考查little置于句首时的倒装当否定副词little置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为D）(1) Little _ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. (安徽卷)A. he realized B. he didnt realizeC. didnt he realize D. did he realize3. 考查seldom置于句首时的倒装当否定

31、副词seldom置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为B）(1) Seldom _ any apology when mistakes are made. A. we receive B. do we receive C. we received D. did we receive4. 考查hardly / scarcely置于句首时的倒装当否定副词hardly, scarcely等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为A）Hardly _ Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London. A. had they reached B. they had reached C. have the reached D. they have reached5. 考查no sooner等置于句首时的倒装当no