建筑类常见英语词汇.docx

1、建筑类常见英语词汇建筑类常见英语词汇 a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据 计划建议书 planning proposals 设计任务书 design order 标准规范standards and codes 条件图 information drawing 设计基础资料 basic data for design 工艺流程图 process flowchart 工程地质资料 engineering geological data 原始资料 original data 设计进度 schedule of design b. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段 方案 scheme, dr

2、aft 草图 sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion 谈判 negotiation 可行性研究 feasibility study 初步设计 preliminary design 基础设计 basic design 详细设计 detail design 询价图 enquiry drawing 施工图 working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图 as built drawing c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件 日照 sunshine 风玫瑰 wind rose 主导风向 prevailing wind dire

3、ction 最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载 wind load 最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning 飓风 hurricane 台风 typhoon 旋风 cyclone 降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall 湿球温度 wet bulb temperature 干球温度 dry bulb temperature 冰冻期 frost period 冰冻线 frost line 冰冻区 frost zone 室外计

4、算温度 calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区 region with heating provision 不采暖地区 region without heating provision 绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度 relative humidity d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称 办公室 office 服务用房 service room 换班室 shift room 休息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room 浴室 bathroom 淋浴间 s

5、hower 更衣室 locker room 厕所 lavatory 门厅 lobby 诊室 clinic 工作间 workshop 电气开关室 switchroom 走廊 corridor 档案室 archive 电梯机房 lift motor room 车库 garage 清洁间 cleaning room 会议室(正式) conference room 会议室 meeting room 衣柜间 ward robe 暖风间 H.V.A.C room 饭店 restaurant 餐厅 canteen, dining room 厨房 kitchen 入口 entrance 接待处 recepti

6、on area 会计室 accountant room 秘书室 secretary room 电气室 electrical room 控制室 control room 工长室 foreman office 开关柜室 switch gear 前室 antecabinet (Ante.)生产区 production area 马达控制中心 Mcc 多功能用房 utility room 化验室 laboratory room 经理室 manager room 披 屋(阁楼) penthouse 警卫室 guard house e. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚 女儿墙 para

7、pet 雨蓬 canopy 屋脊 roof ridge 坡度 slope 坡跨比 pitch 分水线 water-shed 二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt 檐口 eave 挑檐 overhanging eave 檐沟 eave gutter 平屋面 flat roof 坡屋面 pitched roof 雨水管 downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积 catchment area 泛水 flashing 内排水 interior drainage 外

8、排水 exterior drainage 滴水 drip 屋面排水 roof drainage 找平层 leveling course 卷材屋面 built-up roofing 天棚 ceiling 檩条 purlin 屋面板 roofing board 天花板 ceiling board 防水层 water-proof course 检查孔 inspection hole 人孔 manhole 吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling 檐板(窗帘盒) cornice f. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板) 砖墙 brick wall 砌块墙 bl

9、ock wall 清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙 rendered wall 石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall 承重墙 bearing wall 非承重墙 non-bearing wall 纵墙 longitudinal wall 横墙 transverse wall 外墙 external (exterior) wall 内墙 internal (interior) wall 填充墙 filler wall 防火墙 fire wall 窗间墙 wall between

10、window 空心墙 cavity wall 压顶 coping 圈梁 gird, girt, girth 玻璃隔断 glazed wall 防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板 sunshade 阳台 balcony 伸缩缝 expansion joint 沉降缝 settlement joint 抗震缝 seismic joint 复合夹心板 sandwich board 压型单板 corrugated single steel plate 外墙板 cladding panel 复合板 composite panel 轻质隔断 light-weight part

11、ition 牛腿 bracket 砖烟囱 brick chimney 勒脚(基座) plinth g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟 地坪 grade 地面和楼面 ground and floor 素土夯实 rammed earth 炉渣夯实 tamped cinder 填土 filled earth 回填土夯实 tamped backfill 垫层 bedding course, blinding 面层 covering, finish 结合层 bonding (binding) course 找平层 leveling course 素水泥浆结合层 neat cement b

12、inding course 混凝土地面 concrete floor 水泥地面 cement floor 机器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concrete floor 水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring 马赛克地面 mosaic flooring 瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring 油地毡地面 linoleum flooring 预制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo flooring 硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring 搁栅 joist 硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring

13、 企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring 防酸地面 acid-resistant floor 钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring 水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo 地面做2坡 floor with 2% slope 集水沟 gully 集水口 gulley 排水沟 drainage trench 沟盖板 trench cover 活动盖板 removable cover plate 集水坑 sump pit 孔翻边 hole up stand

14、电缆沟 cable trench h. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件 木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door 镶板门 panelled door 夹板门 plywood door 铝合金门 aluminum alloy door 卷帘门 roller shutter door 弹簧门 swing door 推拉门 sliding door 平开门 side-hung door 折叠门 folding door 旋转门 revolving door 玻璃门 glazed door 密闭门 air-Tigh

15、t door 保温门 thermal insulating door 镀锌铁丝网门 galvanized steel wire mesh door 防火门 fire door (大门上的)小门 wicket 门框 door frame 门扇 door leaf 门洞 door opening 结构开洞 structural opening 单扇门 single door 双扇门 double door 疏散门 emergency door 纱门 screen door 门槛 door sill 门过梁 door lintel 上冒头 top rail 下冒头 bottom rail 门边木 s

16、tile 门樘侧料 side jumb 槽口 notch 木窗 wooden window 钢窗 steel window 铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window 百叶窗 (通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)塑钢窗 plastic steel window 空腹钢窗 hollow steel window 固定窗 fixed window 平开窗 side-hung window 推拉窗 sliding window 气窗 transom 上悬窗 top-hung window 中悬窗 center-pivoted wi

17、ndow 下悬窗 hopper window 活动百叶窗 adjustable louver 天窗 skylight 老虎窗 dormer window 密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing 钢筋混凝土过梁 reinforced concrete lintel 钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel 窗扇 casement sash 窗台 window sill 窗台板 window board 窗中梃 mullion 窗横木 mutin 窗边木 stile 压缝条 cover mould 窗帘盒 curtain box 合页(铰链) hinge (bu

18、tts)转轴 pivot 长脚铰链 parliament hinge 闭门器 door closer 地弹簧 floor closer 插销 bolt 门锁 door lock 拉手 pull 链条 chain 门钩 door hanger 碰球 ball latch 窗钩 window catch 暗插销 insert bolt 电动开关器 electric opener 平板玻璃 plate glass 夹丝玻璃 wire glass 透明玻璃 clear glass 毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass

19、 石英玻璃 quartz glass 吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass 磨光玻璃 polished glass 着色玻璃 pigmented glass 玻璃瓦 glass tile 玻璃砖 glass block 有机玻璃 organic glass I. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯 楼梯 stair 楼梯间 staircase 疏散梯 emergency stair 旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder 直爬梯 vertical ladder

20、踏步 step 扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板 tread 档步板 riser 踏步宽度 tread width 防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)栏杆 railing (balustrade)平台栏杆 platform railing 吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting hole 扶手 handrail 梯段高度 height of flight 防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台 operating platform 装卸平台 platf

21、orm for loading & unloading 楼梯平台 stair landing 客梯 passenger lift 货梯 goods lift 客/货两用梯 goods/passenger lift 液压电梯 hydraulic lift 自动扶梯 escalator 观光电梯 observation elevator 电梯机房 lift mortar room 电梯坑 lift pit 电梯井道 lift shaft j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦 红砖 red bric

22、k 粘土砖 clay brick 瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖 fire brick 空心砖 hollow brick 面砖 facing brick 地板砖 flooring tile 缸砖 clinkery brick 马赛克 mosaic 陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete 琉璃瓦 glazed tile 脊瓦 ridge tile 石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦 corrugated asbestos cement sheet Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石 石膏 gypsu

23、m 大理石 marble 汉白玉 white marble 花岗岩 granite 碎石 crushed stone 毛石 rubble 蛭石 vermiculite 珍珠岩 pearlite 水磨石 terrazzo 卵石 cobble 砾石 gravel 粗砂 course sand 中砂 medium sand 细砂 fine sand Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土 波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement 硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement 火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement 白水泥 white cem

24、ent 水泥砂浆 cement mortar 石灰砂浆 lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar 保温砂浆 thermal mortar 防水砂浆 water-proof mortar 耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar 耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar 沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar 纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar 麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar 灰缝 mortar joint 素混凝土 plain concrete 钢筋混凝土 re

25、inforced concrete 轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete 细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete 沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete 泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete 炉渣混凝土 cinder concrete Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料 水刷石 granitic plaster 斩假石 artificial stone 刷浆 lime wash 可赛银 casein 大白浆 white wash 麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base 喷大白浆

26、两道 sprayed twice with white wash 分格抹水泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰 lath and plaster Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉 沥青卷材 asphalt felt 沥青填料 asphalt filler 沥青胶泥 asphalt grout 冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer 沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic 沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum 石棉板 asbestos sheet 石棉纤维 asbestos fiber

27、 Timber 木材 裂缝 crack 透裂 split 环裂 shake 干缩 shrinkage 翘曲 warping 原木 log 圆木 round timber 方木 square timber 板材 plank 木条 batten 板条 lath 木板 board 红松 red pine 白松 white pine 落叶松 deciduous pine 云杉 spruce 柏木 cypress 白杨 white poplar 桦木 birch 冷杉 fir 栎木 oak 榴木 willow 榆木 elm 杉木 cedar 柚木 teak 樟木 camphor wood 防腐处理的木材

28、 preservative-treated lumber 胶合板 plywood 三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood 企口板 tongued and grooved board 层夹板 laminated plank 胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber 纤维板 fiber-board 竹子 bamboo Metallic Materials 金属材料 黑色金属 ferrous metal 圆钢 steelbBar 方钢 square steel 扁钢 steel strap,flat steel 型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel 角

29、钢 angle steel 等边角钢 equal-leg angle 不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle 工字钢 I-beam 宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam 丁( 之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shape 热轧 hot-rolled 冷轧 cold-rolled 冷拉 cold-drawn 冷压 cold-pressed 合金钢 alloy steel 钛合金 titanium alloy 不锈钢 stainless steel 竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar

30、变形钢筋 deformed bar 光圆钢筋 plain round bar 钢板 steel plate 薄钢板 thin steel plate 低碳钢 low carbon steel 冷弯 cold bending 钢管 steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 黑铁管 iron pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 铸铁 cast iron 生铁 pig iron 熟铁 wrought iron 镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire 钢丝网 steel wire mesh 多孔金属网 expanded metal 锰钢 managanese steel 高强度