英语江苏省如皋市学年高一上学期期末考试试题解析版.docx

1、英语江苏省如皋市学年高一上学期期末考试试题解析版江苏省如皋市2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读AIf you live in a place where most people speak the language you are learning, you may use the language for several hours each day. So it may become part of your “inner speech.” In other words, you start thinking in that language. Your mind s

2、tops trying to translate things from your native language into the second language. But most of the English learners live in places where English is not the main language. This may be true for you. You may not have many chances to practice English. You may even be self-taught.Thinking in English rea

3、lly helps! It is not very difficult, but it does need practice. Here we will share some mental exercises. A good first step is to think in words. Look around you. What do you see? In your head, try to name each object in your surroundings. Charles Thomas has taught English for over 10 years. He tell

4、s his students to name the things that they see around them, wherever they are.Another exercise Thomas suggest is describing in your mind objects you dont know the words for. An example would be if you couldnt think of the word “garage”. Thomas says, “If youre looking at your house and you see your

5、garage, but you cant think of the name in English. You can say, The place inside where I put my car or you can say, Its next to my house. I keep things there.”The next exercise is thinking in simple sentences. For example, if you are sitting in a park, you can tell yourself things like, “Its such a

6、beautiful day” and “People are playing sports with their friends.” You can also describe your daily activities. Thomas asks his students to describe their day using the simple present verb form. So, they would think to themselves things like, “I put on my shirt” and “He drives the bus.”How much time

7、 should you spend on these exercises? Thomas says you do a little every day. “When you make things a habit, then it just pops up into your mind without thinking and then, before you know it, really, youre thinking in English.”1. When a second language becomes part of your “inner speech”, _.A. most p

8、eople around you speak the languageB. you start thinking in the languageC. you translate things from your native language into itD. you learn the language by yourself2. “The place inside where I put my car” is an example for _A. naming objects in your surroundingsB. thinking in simple sentencesC. de

9、scribing objects you dont know the words forD. describing your daily activities3. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Spend your time on exercisesB. Teach yourself a second languageC. Train your brain to think in EnglishD. Practice English wherever you are【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C【分

10、析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在语言环境中学习语言的重要性，并给出了具体的学习方法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“So it may become part of your “inner speech.” In other words, you start thinking in that language. ”可知，当第二种语言成为你“内在语言”的一部分时，你就会开始用这种语言思考。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Another exercise Thomas suggest is describing in your mind objects you dont kn

11、ow the words for. ”可知，此句是总述句，因此“The place inside where I put my car”“我停车的地方”是用来支撑总述句“托马斯建议描述你的头脑中一些你不知道的东西”的例子。故选C项。【3题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读全文可知，在一个大多数人都说你正在学习的语言的地方，你可以每天使用这种语言几个小时，然而大多数人不具备这样的条件，全文为这类人提供了具体的学习方法，目的要达到用这种语言进行思考。所以C项Train your brain to think in English“训练你的大脑用英语思考”作为文章的标题最能概括出全文主旨。故选C项。BRob

12、ots have taken over many of Americas factories. But can they pick a strawberry? “Its really hard for robots to match what humans can do,” says Bob Pizter, an expert on robots.Any 4-year-old kid can pick a strawberry, but machines cant seem to figure it out. Pizter says the hardest thing for them is

13、finding the fruit. Pizters strawberry-picking robot is rolling into a strawberry field. This well-designed device drives itself. Its as big as a bus, long enough to straddle (跨越) a dozen rows of strawberries at once. Powerful computers are sitting on top. Underneath, there are high-definition camera

14、s to find the berries, and robotic claws ready to pick them.“Nobodys telling it what to do,” explains Paul Bissett, the chief operating officer of Harvest CROO Robotics. “Its remembering its path down the row. Its remembering where all these plants are.” It knows all this, thanks to the super-accura

15、te GPS. Its computer brain contains a map showing the locations of every strawberry plant in the field. The action of machinery is truly impressive, but the baskets are still practically empty. Pitzer says the robots are able to find and pick more than 50 percent of ripe berries. Thats not yet up to

16、 human standards. A typical worker, he says, manages to pick anywhere from 60 to 90 percent of the berries. Also, he admits, the machine is slower than human hands. On the other hand, it has some advantages. It can work right through the night. Two years later, he says, this machine will be in the f

17、ields working for real. “There are weaknesses to work out, but its getting there. Were close.” he says.Strawberry companies are putting millions of dollars into this project. The reason, Gary Wishnatzki, the owner of Wish Farms says, is that its getting more and more difficult to find enough people

18、to pick his berries. “The fact of the matter is, if we dont solve the problem of this labor shortage with automation, the industry is facing a big challenge ahead. The price of fruit is going to be much higher,” Jose Santos, the leader of the farm, says.Jose is pretty convinced, though, that picking

19、 strawberries will always require people. The machines will break down, he points out. In fact, hes looking on the bright side. “You could afford to give people a day off if you have machines behind you,” he says.4. According to the passage, the strawberry-picking robot _.A. can work extra hours B.

20、relies on GPS only to find berriesC. runs on petrol just like a bus D. picks both ripe and unripe berries5. What do people mentioned in the passage think of the strawberry-picking robot?A. It will lead to the price of strawberries rising.B. It keeps human workers working through night.C. It is not v

21、ery efficient at the moment but promising.D. It will completely take the place of human workers.6. We know from the article that _.A. robots have been widely used in farmingB. it seems hard for robots to exactly locate strawberries nowC. robots can surely perform any work better than human workersD.

22、 with the help of robots, strawberry companies have already earned much7. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The working principle of strawberry-picking robots.B. Farmers expectations for strawberry-picking robots.C. The present state of strawberry-picking robots.D. The differences between h

23、umans and strawberry-picking robots.【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了摘草莓机器人的目前的优点和缺点：效率不高，但可以长时间工作，其缺点也可以改进。未来需求大，前景广阔。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It can work right through the night.”可知，机器人可以整夜工作。A（它可以加班）表达此意。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Pitzer says the robots are able to find and pick more than 50 perce

24、nt of ripe berries. Thats not yet up to human standards. A typical worker, he says, manages to pick anywhere from 60 to 90 percent of the berries. Also, he admits, the machine is slower than human hands.”可知，摘草莓的机器人比人手慢，没有达到人类采摘草莓的标准。由此可以推知，它效率不高。根据第三段中的“On the other hand, it has some advantages. It

25、can work right through the night. Two years later, he says, this machine will be in the fields working for real. “There are weaknesses to work out, but its getting there. Were close.” he says.”可知，这种机器人有弱点需要克服，但这些弱点很快就会被克服。这种机器人非常有前景。两年之后，就会被投入使用。我们离此目标不远了。由此推知，综上，C（它目前不是很有效，但很有前途）表达此意。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断

26、题。根据第三段中的“Its remembering its path down the row. Its remembering where all these plants are.” It knows all this, thanks to the super-accurate GPS. Its computer brain contains a map showing the locations of every strawberry plant in the field. The action of machinery is truly impressive, but the bask

27、ets are still practically empty. Pitzer says the robots are able to find and pick more than 50 percent of ripe berries. Thats not yet up to human standards.”可知，由于超级精确的GPS，机器人知道所有草莓的位置。机器的作用确实令人印象深刻，但篮子实际上仍然是空的。Pitzer说，机器人能够发现和采摘超过50%的成熟浆果。这还没有达到人类的标准。由此推知，虽然机器人配备有精确的GPS，但实际上，它们并不能精确地定位草莓的位置，从而导致采摘率不

28、高。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。第一段直接了当的提出：机器人真的很难达到人类采摘草莓的水平。第二段和第三段主要介绍了草莓采摘机器人的特点和优缺点（效率不高，但可以长时间工作）。最后两段对草莓采摘机器人前景的展望（未来需求大，前景广阔）。结合选项，C（草莓采摘机器人的现状）最能概括主题。故选C。CRumors (谣言): weve all heard some and weve all spread some. In more traditional times they shook entire families. Today, they travel differently becaus

29、e the way we share information has also changed.The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally. We dont enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually dont have good intentions. They are somewhat veiled (掩饰的) messages.Normally rumors are ora

30、l messages: word of mouth. The paradox (自相矛盾) is that there is no evidence to support rumors, but the more people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish explaining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy: The source is unknown. There is also a proven phenomenon

31、that human beings usually forget the source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty: We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who convinces us that the information they spread is true. Change: It acts lik

32、e a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the first rumor.Another property (属性) of rumors is that they tend to become viral. Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter (传输者) of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.How can we end rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible: preventing people from communicating. A more realistic response is equally difficult,