高中英语必修5外研版Unit 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema知识点总结.docx

1、高中英语必修5外研版Unit 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema 知识点总结高中英语必修5（外研版）Unit 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema知识点总结一、重点词汇 biography 基本用法 biography n. 传记；档案；个人简介 I have read a biography of Abraham Lincoln. 我读过一部亚伯拉罕林肯的传记。 He began writing his biography after retirement. 退休后他开始写自传。 fantasy 基本用

2、法 fantasy n. 幻想；想象；白日梦 The young always live in a world of fantasy. 年轻人总是生活在幻想中。 Stop looking for a perfect job-its just a fantasy. 别想找十全十美的工作了-那简直是幻想。知识拓展-相关单词 fantastic adj. 极好的；奇异的，荒诞的； We watched a fantastic play yesterday evening.昨天晚上我们看了一场非常精彩的演出。 What a fantastic mountain scene! 多么迷人的山景! My d

3、aughter likes to describe her fantastic dreams to me. 我女儿喜欢给我讲她那些奇怪的梦。 have connection with 原文再现 A story which has no connection with reality. 一个和现实没有联系的故事。基本用法 have connection with 与有联系/有关联 Lung cancer has connection with smoking. 肺癌与吸烟有关。 It turned out that he had no connection with the murder. 后来

4、证明他跟凶杀案毫无关联。注意：connection 前面可以加上a/some /much/(a)little/no等各种不同的修饰词，表示不同的含义，如“与 有某种/一些/较多的/很少的/没有任何联系(关联)”等。当询问“是一种什么样的关系”时，多用what进行提问。知识拓展-相关短语 1. have something to do with. 和有关系 Your answer has no connection/nothing to do with the question. 你答非所问。 2. be related to 与有关These two events were related t

5、o each other. 这两个事件相互有联系。 3. be connected with 与有联系 I always considered your brother to be connected with that club. 我原来总认为你兄弟和那个俱乐部有关系。 solve 原文再现 a story in which a detective tries to solve a problem，such as identifying a murderer.一个侦探企图解决比如确认凶手等问题的故事。基本用法 solve v. 解决；解释；解答(数学题) 注： solve 为及物动词，意为“

6、解决”。后面相应的宾语多为problem， difficulty，conflict，dispute等词。如： The government is trying to solve the problem of pollution. 政府正在解决污染问题。 Each student should help each other to solve the difficulties in life and learning. 同学之间应该互相帮助，共同解决在生活中和学习中遇到的困难。知识拓展相关单词 solution n. 解决办法；处理手段 (a solution to sth. 解决的办法) It

7、 may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 也许要花很长时间才能找到解决这个问题的办法。 词义辨析: solve/ settle/ answer solve解决问题，侧重的是给出一个答案。常跟宾语：problem，mystery，puzzle，difficulty等。 settle表示“解决”时，其对象通常是某种争端。其宾语常是：argument，quarrel，matter等。 answer “回答，解答”，用于对口头问题的解答，后常接question。 account 原文再现 a true account of the

8、 past. 对过去的真实描述。基本用法 1. account n. 描写；报道；账户 There were several different accounts of the story in the newspapers. 报纸上对此事有几种不同的说法。 My salary is paid directly into my bank account. 我的工资直接存入我的银行账户。2. account v. 认为；解释 Too much rain accounted for the poor crop. 太多的雨水导致庄稼歉收。知识拓展 相关单词 accountant n. 会计；会计师

9、相关短语 1. open an account 开户Id like to know how to open an account? 我想知道怎样开个账户? 2. on account of. 因为，由于. We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather. 由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟了。 3. on no account 决不 (位于句首时，句子要部分倒装) On no account should we give in!我们决不屈服！ 4. take account of.take.into account 体谅；考虑到 W

10、hen judging his performance，dont take his age into account. 评定他的表现时，不要考虑他的年龄。 5. account for. 是的原因；对做出解释 Bad weather accounted for the long delay. 长期的推迟是因为天气恶劣。 run away 原文再现 Huckleberry Finn (or just Huck) is a teenage boy who has run away from home. 哈克贝利费恩是一个从家里跑出来的少年。基本用法 run away (秘密地)逃走；躲开 （注意：

11、run away为动副结构。跟宾语时，还要加from。) Youve got to stop running away, and learn to face your problems. 你不能再逃避了，要学会面对问题。 He broke the window and ran away. 他打破窗子逃跑了。You just cant run away from the situation. 这事你没法回避。知识拓展-词义辨析：run词组 1. run after 追赶，追求 He ran after her，calling her name. 他叫着她的名字追赶她。 2. run across

12、run into (sb.) 偶遇 I ran across/ ran into my old friend Joan in Paris last week.上周我在巴黎遇见了老朋友琼。 3. run out (of) 用完；从跑出来 Our time is running out/ We are running out of time. 我们剩下的时间不多了。（run out意为“被用完；被耗尽”，无被动形式。主语常为sth.） He jumped to his feet and ran out of the office. 他一下子跳了起来，跑出了办公室。 companion 原文再现 H

13、is companion is Jim, a black slave who has also run away. 他的伙伴是Jim，是一个也逃跑的黑人奴隶。基本用法 companion n. 同伴；朋友；指南 She longs to be his companion through life. 她渴望成为他的终身伴侣。 She carries a travelers companion with her. 她带了一本旅行指南。知识拓展-词义辨析companion/partner/company/accompany四者均有“伙伴，陪伴”之意。 1. companion是可数名词，指陪伴他人的

14、人，即同伴，朋友或伴侣。 He is all alone without a companion. 他孤身一人，无人相陪。 2. partner是可数名词，指事业中处于合伙关系的人，搭档。如： My partner is on holiday this week so Im filling in (for him). 我的合伙人本星期休假，所以我暂代(他)一下。Will you be my partner in the next dance? 下一支曲子时可否请你跟我一起跳舞? 3. company 是不可数名词，指陪伴，常用于keep sb. company。 The old man fee

15、ls lonely, so he raises a dog to keep him company. 这位老人感到很孤独，所以他养了一只狗来陪伴他。 4. accompany 是动词，常用于accompany sb. Who will accompany you to the airport?谁将陪你去机场？ pour 原文再现 There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. 午夜后暴雨来了，大雨倾盆而下。基本用法 pour v. (雨)倾盆而下；倾倒；大量涌出 It poured all night. 倾盆大雨下了

16、一整晚。 Please pour me a cup of tea. 请为我倒杯茶。Smoke was pouring out of the chimney. 大量浓烟从烟囱冒出。知识拓展-相关短语 1. pour down 倾注，倾泻 Tears poured down his cheeks. 眼泪顺着他的脸颊簌簌地落下。 2. pour in. 大量涌入. Letters of complaint continue to pour in.投诉信纷至沓来。 3. pour out. 倾诉，倾吐. She pour out her trouble to me over a cup of coff

17、ee. 她边喝咖啡边向我倾诉她的苦恼。 4. pour into. 涌入. Tourists pour into London during the summer months. 在夏季，游客涌入伦敦。5. pour.into. 把倒进 The artist poured all his enthusiasm into his works. 艺术家把他所有的热情都注入了他的作品。 shelter 原文再现 We stayed inside the shelter we had built and let the raft sail down the river. 我们呆在搭起的遮蔽物里，让木筏

18、沿河漂流。基本用法 1. shelter n. 遮蔽物；栖身之地；保护 The cave was his shelter. 那个洞是他的藏身之处。 In the storm, I took shelter under a tree.暴雨中，我躲在一棵树下避雨。 2. shelter v. 保护，躲避 He is trying to shelter his boss from criticism. 他极力为老板顶住外界的批评。知识拓展-相关短语 1. under the shelter of. 在的庇护下；受的保护 Under the shelter of the bay there was n

19、o risk to the boat. 在海湾的掩护下，这只小艇是不会有危险的。 2. shelter.from. / take shelter from 保护以避；防止遭受We took shelter from the rain in a cave. 我们在一个山洞里避雨。 I was sheltered from violence as a child. 我受到保护免于遭受暴力，因为我是个小孩。 lie 原文再现 A mans angry voice answered, “Youre lying. You said that last time. Were going to kill y

20、ou. ” 一个怒气冲冲的男人回答：“你撒谎。 上次你也是这么说的。我们要杀了你。”基本用法 1. lie vi. 撒谎；躺；位于 Walter lay on the grass enjoying the sunshine. 沃尔特躺在草地上享受阳光。 The town lies on the coast. 该城位于海边。You are lying but lies cant cover up facts. 你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了真相。 2. lie n. 谎言 I promise on my honor not to tell lies. 我发誓我不会说谎。知识拓展 相关单词 liar n

21、. 说谎的人Terry is without question the biggest liar I know! 特里毫无疑问是我认识的最大的说谎者！ 相关短语 lie down 躺下；屈服 lie in 在于；位于 tell a lie/lies 说谎 词义辨析：lie/lay这两个词常易混淆，主要是因为两者的意义及它们的过去式和分词形式极易混淆。 1. lie一般作不及物动词用，作“躺；平放”解时，其过去式和过去分词分别为lay，lain；作“撒谎”解时，其 过去式和过去分词均为lied，现在分词均为lying 。 How long has he lain there like that?

22、 他像那样躺在那儿有多久了？ He lied to me. 他对我撒了谎。2. lay通常用作及物动词，意为“摆、放、下蛋或产卵”等，过去式、过去分词和现在分词分别为laid, laid, laying。如： Mother told me to lay the table for breakfast. 母亲让我摆好桌子准备吃早饭。 panic 原文再现 When he heard these words, Jim panicked and ran to the raft. 当Jim听到这些话后，惊恐地跑回了木筏。基本用法 1. panic (panick) v. (使)恐慌，(使)惊慌失措 T

23、he crowd were panicked at the sound of the explosion. 人们一听到爆炸声便惊慌起来。 Dont panic. There is no danger. 别慌，没有危险。2. panic n. 惊慌，恐慌 Theres not point getting into a panic about the exams. 对考试惊慌失措是没有用的。知识拓展-相关短语 in panic 惊恐地 get into a panic 陷入恐慌状态 curious 原文再现 But although I was frightened，I also felt ver

24、y curious，so I put my head round the door. 虽然我很害怕，但是我还是感到很好奇，所以就把脑袋贴到了门上。基本用法 curious adj. 好奇的；好求知的；古怪的 He is such a curious boy, always asking questions. 他这个孩子求知欲很强，总是爱提问。 She looks rather curious with green hair. 她头发是绿的，样子有点古怪。知识拓展相关单词 curiosity n.好奇，好奇心 curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地 相关短语 1. be curious t

25、o do sth. 极想做某事 A student should always be curious to learn. 学生应该始终具有强烈的求知欲。2. be curious about sth. 对某事感到好奇 The boy was curious about everything he saw. 那男孩对所见的一切都感到好奇。 3. be curious +从句 对有兴趣 I am curious how she will receive the news. 我很想知道她如何接受那消息。 4. It is curious that. 真是奇怪It is curious that he

26、 should have failed to win the race. 他竟然没赢得比赛，真是奇怪。 5. out of curiosity 出于好奇 The boy pressed that button out of curiosity. 那个男孩出于好奇按了按那个按钮。 tie 原文再现 It was quite dark，but I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope. 四周很黑，但我能看见一个人被绳子捆着，躺在地下。基本用法 1. tie v. (用绳、带等)绑，系，拴；与打成平局 Pleased help m

27、e tie my horse to a tree. 请帮我把马拴到树上。 2. tie n. 领带；绳，带；平局 Today, my friend is wearing a red tie.今天我朋友系着一条红色的领带。 The match ended in a tie. 这场比赛以平局结束。 The man wearing a black tie was tied by the kidnapper with a thick tie and tied to a huge tree. 戴黑色领带的人被绑匪用一根粗绳子捆了起来，并绑在了一棵大树上。（tie在此的释义依次为：领带；捆；绳子；绑）知识

28、拓展-相关短语 tie up 拴住，捆牢Wait a moment while I tie up my shoes. 等一会儿，我要系鞋带。 fright 原文再现 He sounds as if hes going to die of fright! 听起来好像他就要被吓死了！基本用法 fright n. U 恐惧；害怕；C恐怖的经历 Suddenly all her fright was gone. 突然她的恐惧全部消失了。 He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost. 他吓得直哆嗦，像见了鬼一样。知识拓展-相关单词1. fri

29、ghten vt. 使惊恐 Keep still, or youll frighten the rabbit away. 别动，不然你会把兔子吓跑的。 2. frightening adj.令人害怕的 The idea of death is frightening to most people. 死的想法对于大多数人都是可怕的。 3. frightened adj. 感到害怕的Frightened children were calling for their mothers. 受惊的孩子们呼喊著找妈妈。 crawl 原文再现 I crawled along the deck, found Jim, and told him what I had heard. 我沿着甲板向前爬行，