中考攻略英语听力技巧及常见场景关键词汇.docx

1、中考攻略英语听力技巧及常见场景关键词汇英语听力的特点和重难点想要做好英语听力，首先要弄明白英语听力的特点及重难点是什么。1.英语听力的特点是什么？(1)涉及话题广，与工作、学习、生活密切相关：如校园生活、人物关系、计划与约定、生活习惯及爱好、购物、天气、旅游、就医、交通、环境、服务等话题。(2)以获取事实性信息为主：即试题的提问，围绕以下几个关键词进行：what/which，why，where，when，how，who/possible relationship，how much，how often。(3)语速中等，对话中不会强化考点：但考生可通过说话人的语气和情绪进行判断。2.英语听力的难点

2、是什么？(1)话题熟悉，词汇陌生：比如对题干或选项中的词汇的理解有偏差；对个别词的拼写不准确，尤其是多音节词。(2)缺乏预判，错过细节：听音过程中，审题时对题目的预判不够，在听音时抓不到细节，以致错过获取关键信息的机会。(3)专有名词，存在盲点：对专有名词，如地点等的书写习惯（如大小写）不熟悉。(4)人物关系，难以理清：无法从对话中提取有效信息，不能确定说话双方的关系。(5)记录不准，信息混淆：对信息的提取、记录不准确，从而截取了错误信息。3.英语听力的重点是什么？(1)听力常见场景包括：学校、医院、图书馆、邮局、商店、银行、办公室、旅社、餐馆、机场、车站等。(2)听力涉及职业包括：教师、学生

3、、图书馆馆员、医生(牙医)、营业员、服务员、修理工、打字员、家庭主妇等。(3)听力人物关系包括：教师与学生，医生与病人，丈夫与妻子，读者与馆员，顾客与售货员，旅客与服务员，老板与雇员，修理工与顾客等。英语听力20个常见场景及关键词汇(1) 餐馆场景：restaurant餐馆；cafeteria 自助餐厅；buffet 自助餐；dining hall 食堂，餐厅；coffee shop cafe咖啡屋；snack bar小吃街、大排挡；go out for dinner出去吃饭waiter/waitress 男/女服务生；order 点菜 ；serve 上菜 ；menu 菜单；bill 账单pa

4、y the bill 付账tip 小费；change 零钱 Keep the change! 不用找零钱了! treat 请客This is my treat我请客!go Dutch AA制Help yourself. 请随便吃knife刀；fork叉；chopsticks筷子；spoon勺子；plate碟子；tray 托盘；appetizer 开胃菜；dessert甜品，水果；soup 汤 ；steak 牛排；cheese奶酪 ；sandwich 三明治；hamburger 汉堡包；French fries 炸薯条；pizza 披萨；bacon 培根 ；chicken鸡肉；beef牛肉；po

5、rk猪肉drink 喝，饮料；wine 红酒；coke 可口可乐；coffee咖啡；dressing 调味酱；pepper胡椒；ketchup 番茄酱；delicious、yummy 可口的；rare半熟的常用句型：（服务员）1.Would you like something (to eat/to drink)?你想要（吃/喝）点什么吗？2.What would you like (to have)?你想要吃点什么？3.Would you like some more.?你还要点吗？4.Are you ready to order,sir?/Can/May I take your order

6、 now?现在能够请你点餐了吗？ （顾客）1.Help yourself to.你吃/喝点吧。2.Make yourself at home.请随便吃，不要客气。3.Well ,just a little,please.好的，请来一点儿。4.No,thanks.谢谢，不要了。5.Im full,thank you.谢谢，我吃饱了。(2) 邮局场景：stamp邮票；envelope 信封；package / parcel 包裹；parcel form包裹单；zip code邮编；weight重量；overweight 超重；postage邮费；extra postage 额外邮资；insuran

7、ce保险；send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信；delivery投递，传送；claim领取；express mail 快件；EMS特快专递；airmail 航空信件；surface mail 平邮；ordinary letter平信；registered letter挂号信。(3) 图书馆场景：library card借书证；borrow借入；lend借出；keep持有，保管，存放；renew续借；return归还；overdue 借书逾期；pay a fine 交罚款；librarian 图书管理员；bookshelf书架；novel小说；s

8、cience fiction科幻小说；magazine杂志；periodical期刊；reference book参考书；(4) 校园场景：tuition学费；scholarship奖学金；term/semester 学期；seminar研讨班；presentation 课堂发言；assignment/homework作业；register 注册；be absent 缺席；final exam 期末考试；review/ go over复习； fail/pass不及格/通过； cut a class逃课； graduate毕业； stationery文具；essay论文；paper试卷；atte

9、nd a lecture 听讲座 textbook 课本；classroom 教师；laboratory实验室；mark/grade 成绩；course 课程；subject 学科；playground 操场经典例句:1.How many boy students are there in your class?你的班里有多少男同学？ There are twenty-one boy students in my class.我的班里有二十一名男同学。2.What do you think of your English teacher?你觉得你们的英语老师如何啊？ She is very f

10、riendly to us.她对我们很友好。3.How do you study English？你如何学英语？ I study English by taking notes in class.我通过课堂上做笔记来学习英语。4.Please dont eat in class.请不要在课堂上吃东西。 Sorry ,I wont.对不起，我不会了。5.How was your school trip?你的学校旅行如何啊？ It was great/OK/good.很好。6.I will have an English test tomorrow.我明天有一个英语测试。 Good luck to

11、 you!希望你有好运气！7.Our school will have a picnic this weekend.我们学校这个周末有一次野餐。 Have a good time! 好好玩吧！(5) 医院及健康场景：doctor医生；dentist牙医；physician内科医生；surgeon外科医生；nurse护士；hospital医院；clinic 诊所；Health Center医疗中心；emergency room/ department 急诊室；emergent treatment急救处理；first aid 急救；treatment治疗手段；check up 检查；physica

12、l examination体检；take ones temperature / blood pressure 测量体温/血压；show ones tongue伸出舌头；write a prescription开处方；give an injection打针；visiting hours 探视时间medicine药；pills / tablets药丸/药片；aspirin 阿司匹林；suffer from受苦；pain疼痛；headache头痛；stomachache肚子痛；backache背痛；sore-throat喉咙痛；cough咳嗽；fever发烧；cold / flu 感冒/流感 【ha

13、ve/catch a cold患感冒】； heart attack 心脏病；dizzy眩晕的；常用句型：（医生）1.Whats wrong/the matter/the trouble with you?你有什么不舒服吗？2.Is there anything wrong with you?你哪里不舒服？3.Youd better have a good rest.你好好休息一下。4.Take this medicine three times a day.这药每天吃三次。5.Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. 多喝水，好好休息。（病人）1.

14、I fell terrible/bad/ill/sick.我感到很不舒服。2.I dont feel well./Im not feeling well.我感到不舒服。3.Ive got a cough(headache, toothache).我咳嗽/头疼/牙疼。4.I dont fell well.我感觉不舒服。5.Theres something wrong with.我的不舒服。(6) 电话场景：operator 接线员 Extension six two two six, please.请转6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a

15、 busy line. 电话占线。long distance call 长途电话；collect call 对方付费电话；put through 接通电话；leave a message留口信；dial the wrong number拨错号码； call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.；give sb. a call/ ring给某人打电话；经典例句：（打电话请对方找人或留言）1.Can/Could/Would you ring up/call/call up.?你能给打个电话吗?2.Will/Would you give a message to.,please?请

16、你给捎个口信能够吗？(应答电话）1.Can I take a message(for you)?要我帮你捎口信吗？2.Ill ask.to call you back.我会让给你回个电话的。3.This is Vivian speaking.我是Vivian。(7) 酒店场景：make a reservation 预定房间；reception desk 接待处；reception服务台；receptionist 服务员；accommodation住宿； registration登记；check in 入住；check out 结帐；Identity/ID card 身份证；fill out a

17、 form填表；single room 单间；double room双人间；suite套间；room number房间号；room key房间钥匙；room service客房服务；wake-up call叫醒电话Do you have a reservation Sir?先生，您预订了吗？All the room are occupied. 房间已满。Can I have a suite please?有套间吗？How much do you charge for that? 如何收费？Smoking or no smoking? 吸烟或不吸烟？Meals included. 包括饮食。Ca

18、n I show you your room? 我可以带你去你的房间？Can I carry your luggage?我可以帮你提行李吗？经典例句（问路）1.Excuse me.Is there a bank near here?打扰一下，这附近有银行吗？2.Which is the way to the supermarket?请问哪一条路是去超市的?3.Do you know the way to Bridge Street?你知道去布里奇大街的路吗？4.Would you please tell me the way to the bank?请问你能告诉我去银行怎么走吗？5.Could

19、 you tell me how I can get to the hotel?你能告诉我如何去旅馆吗？（指路）1.Yes,there is.Its on Center Street.是的，有。在中心街。2.Its in front of the library.它在图书馆前面。3.Go down this street.沿着这条街走。4.Turn left at the first crossing.在第一个十字路口左转。5.Its on Bridge Street on the right.在布里奇大街的右边。(8) 交通场景：plane飞机；ship轮船；bus 公交车；coach长途客

20、车；train火车；subway/underground 地铁；railway 铁路；highway 公路；sidewalk/pavement人行道； one-way street 单行道； rush hour交通高峰期； crowded拥挤的； heavy traffic拥挤的交通； traffic jam交通阻塞； traffic rules交通规则； traffic lights交通灯； driving license驾照； driver司机； garage修车厂、车库；car accident/crash车祸；speed超速；run the red light闯红灯； flat tir

21、e爆胎； scratches刮蹭；fix/repair修理；survive幸存by plane/air乘飞机； by sea/land水路、陆路； by subway/underground 乘地铁；transfer换乘、转机May I see your license, please?我可以看看你的驾照，好吗？You will be fined by $20.你将处以20元的罚款。(9) 机场场景：airline航空公司；airway 航线；flight 航班；book/serve预定； behind schedule 晚点；cancel取消；customs海关；security check

22、安检；passport护照；visa签证；departure lounge 候机室；departure gate登机口；check in 办理登机手续；on board登机；boarding pass/card 登机牌；luggage/baggage行李； suitcase行李箱；take off 起飞；land降落； safe landing安全着陆bound for飞往方向去的；departure to 前往；destination目的地；departure time起飞时间； see sb. off为某人送行； pick up接机【在飞机上】a window seat靠窗的座位； an

23、aisle seat靠走道的座位； captain机长；pilot飞行员；airhostess/stewardess空姐； fasten the safety/safe belt系紧安全带； airsick晕机； jet lag飞机时差反应；(10) 在火车站（At the railway station）：booking/ticket office售票处；conductor售票员； train 火车；express train特快列车； carriage车厢；dining car餐车；waiting room 候车室；platform 站台，月台；one way trip/ticket 单程

24、/单程票；round trip/ticket往返/往返票；a hard seat 硬座；a soft seat软座(11) 购物场景：store 商店；grocery食品店；department store 百货商场；shopping center/mall 购物中心；shop assistant店员；counter 柜台；receipt 收据；deliver 送货；refund 退款；bargain便宜货；out of stock 脱销/缺货；in stock 有货；selling season 销售旺季；on sale打折； 50% off 打五折；a 30% discount打七折；ca

25、talogue 产品目录；Commodity information商品信息；brand 品牌；size尺码；color颜色；style样式；price价格；second-hand 二手的；popular / fashionable 流行的；in fashion 流行，时尚；out of fashion 过时的；商品论贵贱expensive, cheap；价格论高低high, low；pay in cash 用现金支付；pay in check 用支票支付；credit card 信用卡；pay by installment 分期付款；【在服装店（In a clothing store/sho

26、p）】trousers 裤子 clothes 衣服；skirt裙子；shirt衬衫；jacket夹克；coat上衣；a bigger size 稍大一点尺寸；what size多大尺寸；this style这种式样；fit you合你身；try on试穿；match相配常用句型：（售货员）1.Can/May I help you?=What can I do for you?您要买点什么？（能为您做点什么吗？）2.How many/much would you like?您要多少？3.What color/size/kind would you like?您要什么颜色/尺寸/种类的？4.Wha

27、t/How about this one?这个怎么样?5.Heres your change. 给你的找零。（顾客）1.I want/Id like a pair of shoes.我想要买一双鞋。2.How much is it/are they?价格多少？3.May I try it on?能试穿一下吗？4.Its too big/small.它太大/小了。5.Sorry,its too expensive.对不起，它太贵了。6.Do you have anything cheaper?有便宜点的吗？7.Do you have other colors/sizes/kinds?你有其它颜色

28、/尺寸/种类的吗？8.Well,Ill think about it. 哦，我考虑一下吧。(12) 天气场景：fine 晴朗的；sunny/bright/clear 阳光明媚的；overcast 多云；cloudy 阴；humid 湿润的；wet 潮湿的；rainy有雨的；clear up 天空放晴；freezing-cold 冰冷的；hot炎热的；cool凉爽的；warm暖和的；mild温和的；windy有风的；calm无风的；breeze微风；moderate 风力不大；strong/ high winds 大风；tornado 龙卷风；typhoon 台风；fog雾；snow雪；driz

29、zle毛毛细雨；light rain小雨；shower 阵雨；storm 暴风雨；downpour倾盆大雨；It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾盆大雨thunder 打雷；blizzard大风雪；snowstorm暴风雪； 经常和天气相联系的情况：vacation（假期） 和 flight(航班) put away clothes 下雨收衣服；常用句型：1.Whats the weather like today?今天天气怎么样？2.Hows the weather in Beijing?北京天气如何？3.What a cold/h

30、ot day today! 今天天气真冷/真热！经典例句1.Its a nice/fine/beautiful/horrible day today.今天天气真好/真糟啊！2.Its sunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggy.今天天气晴朗/多云/多风/多雨/多雪/多雾。(13) 银行场景：business hour 营业时间；deposit存款；withdraw 取款；open an account 开户；savings account 储蓄账户；check account 支票账户；interest rate 利率；cash a check兑现支票(14) 常

31、见的身份与职业：part-time job 兼职工作；full-time job 全职工作psychologist心理学家；principal校长；professor 教授；postman 邮递员；driver司机；policeman 警察；firefighter 消防员；assistant 助手/助教；receptionist接待员；typist 打字员；cashier收纳；waiter 服务员；passenger 乘客；ticket seller 售票员；conductor 售票员，列车长；salesman销售员；nurse 护士；housewife 家庭主妇；lawyer律师；engineer 工程师；architect建筑师；chef厨师；guide 导游；reporter/journalist 记者；editor 编辑；author作家；pianist钢琴家；musician音乐家；singer歌手；photographer 摄影师；artist艺术家；designer设计师；scientist科学家；barber理发师；butcher屠夫；tailor裁缝经典例句：1.What do you do?你是做什么的？ I am an actor.我是一名演员。2.Whats your job?你的工作是什么？ I am a teacher.我是