英语十六种时态表格总结.docx

1、英语十六种时态表格总结英语十六种时态表格总结LT现在进行时、过去进行时时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法例句现在进行时is/am/are+V-ingnow；at present;at the moment;Look!(放在句首);Listen! (放在句首);表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。陈述句：Im waiting for my boy friend.He is doing the housework at home now.We are enjoying ourselves.否定句:He is not playing toys.一般疑问句:Are you having dinn

2、er at home?Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?特殊疑问句:What are you doing now?Where are they having a meal?过去进行时was/were+V-ingat that time;at this time yesterday;at+时间点+yesterday/last night;at that moment;过去一段时间正在发生的事情。陈述句：I was doing my homework at that time.We were having a party while he was sleeping.否定句

3、:He was not sleeping at 11 oclock last night.一般疑问句: Were you watching TV at that time?特殊疑问句: What were you doing at that moment?现在完成时、过去完成时时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法例句现在完成时have/has+ p.p（过去分词）already；just；before;yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/for+一段时间；since +时间点；since+一段时间+ago;by+现在时间；so far; up to now; till n

4、ow; until now;recently/lately;during/over/in the past/last.用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。陈述句：I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter.He has lived here for nearly 10 years.否定句:I havent finished my homework.Tim hasnt come yet.We havent heard any news

5、about him一般疑问句: Has he worked here since he came here?特殊疑问句: How long have you worked in this company?特别注意：1.have/has always been+名词/形容词/介词：总是或一直是什么样子。He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.They have always been in America.2.have/has gone to:去了某地（未归）He has gone to Beijing.They hav

6、e gone to the cinema.3.have/has been to:表示去过或到过某地I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hong Kong?Where have you been? I have never been here.过去完成时had +过去分词过去的过去：by+过去的时间(在XX之前，不迟于)；表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语。动作发生在过去的过去。陈述句：He said he had told Davy.（间接引语）He left the office after he had called Davy.By the e

7、nd of the day we had sold over 2000 tickets.否定句:She hadnt had dinner before she went out.一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?特殊疑问句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?英语时态举例 Simple Present 一般现在时 Simple Past 一般过去时Simple Future 一般将来时 句子结构:主语+V IstudyEnglish ever

8、yday. 我每天都学习英语. 句子结构:主语+V-ed Two years ago, IstudiedEnglish in America. 两年前,我在美国学英语.句子结构:主语+will+V. If you are having problems, Iwill helpyou study English. 如果你在学习英语当中,遇到问题,我将帮助你. 句子结构:主语+be going to+V Im going to studyEnglish next year. 我明年将开始学习英语. Present Continuous 现在进行时 Past Continuous 过去进行时Futu

9、re Continuous 将来进行时 句子结构:主语+be+doing Iam studyingEnglish now. 我正在学习英语. 句子结构:主语+was/were+doing Iwas studyingEnglish when you called yeaterday. 你昨天给我打电话的时候,我正在学习英语.句子结构:主语+will be+doing Iwill be studyingEnglish when you arrive tonight. 明晚你来的时候,我会正在学习英语. 句子结构:主语+be going to+be+doing Im going to be stud

10、yingEnglish when you arrive tonight. 同上. Present Perfect 现在完成时 Past Perfect 过去完成时Future Perfect 将来完成时 句子结构:主语+have/has done Ihave studiedEnglish in several different countries. 在一些国家,我已经学习了英语. 句子结构:主语+had done Ihad studieda little English before I moved to the U.S. 在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了一点英语.句子结构:主语+will+h

11、ave done Iwill have studiedevery tense by the time I finish this course. 在我完成这个课程的时候,我已经能完成英语时态的学习了. 句子结构:主语+be going to+have done Im going to have studiedevery tense by the time I finish this course. 同上. Present Perfect Continuous 现在完成进行时 Past Perfect Continuous 过去完成进行时Future Perfect Continuous 将来完

12、成进行时 句子结构:主语+have/has been doing Ihave been studyingEnglish for ten years. 我已经学习英语有十年的时间了.句子结构:主语+had been doing Ihad been studyingEnglish for ten years before I moved to the U.S. 在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了十年的英语了.句子结构:主语+will have been doing Iwill have been studyingEnglish for over three hours by the time you

13、arrive. 明晚你来的时候,我已经学习英语3个小时了. 句子结构:主语+be going to have been doing Im going to have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive 同上.详细讲解-一般现在时通常以动词原形表示。主语为第三人称单数时，用现单三形式。动词be和have(表示“拥有”)各人称的单数形式为：第一人称单数 第二人称单数 第三人称单数Have Have Have HasBe Am Are i s一般现在时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：动词be 与 ha

14、ve（表示“拥有”）：否定式直接把not放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下表：否定式&疑问式Be Have Be HaveI am not (Im not) I have not (havent) Am i? Have i?You are not (arent) You have not (havent) Are you? Have you?He is not (isnt) He has not (hasnt) Is he ? Has he ?动词be 的否定疑问式和简单回答：否定疑问式 肯定回答 否定回答Am I not (arent i)? Yes, you are. No,

15、 you arentAre you not (arent you)? Yes, I am. No, Im not.Is he not (isnt he)? Yes, he is. No, he isnt动词be 与 have(表示“拥有”)：否定式直接把not放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下表：否定式 疑问式Be Have Be HaveI am not (Im not) I have not (havent) Am i? Have I ?You are not (arent) You have not (havent) Are you ? Have you?He is not

16、 (isnt) He has not (hasnt) Is he ? Has he ?动词have(表示“拥有”) 的否定疑问式和简单回答：否定疑问式 肯定回答 否定回答Have I not (havent i)? Yes, you have. No, you havent.Have you not (havent you)? Yes, I have. No, I havent.Has he not (hasnt he)? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.注意：have 作为行为动词则只能按照行为动词的规则变化。行为动词（以study为例）一般现在时的否定式、疑问式和简单回

17、答（注意要加助动词do/does）否定式 疑问式I do not (dont) study Do I studyYou do not (dont) study Do you studyHe does not (doesnt) study Does he study否定疑问句式 简单回答（肯定/否定）Do I not (Dont I) study? Yes, I do. No, I dont.Do you not (Dont you) study? Yes, you do. No, you dont.Does he not (Doesnt he) study? Yes, he does. No,

18、 he doesnt.详细讲解-现在进行时、一般过去时由助动词be 现在分词构成。其中be有人称和数的变化，有三种形式：第一人称单数用am, 第三人称单数用is, 其他用are。现在进行时的否定式是：直接在助动词be后面加上not；疑问式是：把助动词be提到主语之前。以study 为例：否定式 疑问式I am not studying Am I studying?You are not studying, Are you studying?He is not studying. Is he studying?一般过去时一般过去时通常由动词过去式表示。一般过去时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式要用

19、助动词do 的过去式did, 同时注意实义动词要用原形。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式 疑问式I did not (didnt) study. Did I study?You did not (didnt) study. Did you study?He did not (didnt) study. Did he study?否定疑问式 简单回答 （肯定/否定）Did I not (Didnt I) study? Yes, you did. No, you didnt.Di you not (Didnt you) study? Yes, I did. No, I

20、 didnt.Did he not (Didnt he) study? Yes, he did. No, he didnt.详细讲解-过去进行时、过去完成时过去进行时由助动词be 的过去式 现在分词构成。其中be有人称和数的变化，第一、第三人称单数用was，其他用were.1）过去进行时动词主要表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作。过去进行时经常与过去时配合使用。例如：This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. 昨天这个时候，我们正在上英语课。The teacher was giving us a lesso

21、n when Tom walked into the room.老师在给我们上课时，汤姆走进教室。While we were having supper, all the lights went out. 我们吃饭的时候，灯灭了。He was reading while she was setting the table. 她摆桌子时，他在读书。It was getting dark. The wind was rising. 天渐渐黑下来了。风势增强了。2）过去进行时动词常用always, continually, frequently 等词连用，表示过去经常发生的行为。这种用法表明带有的感

22、情色彩。例如：The two brothers were frequently quarreling when they were young. 两兄弟小时候常吵架。In Qing Dynasty, China was always making concessions to western powers. 清朝时，中国总是对西方列强妥协。过去完成时一律用had + 过去分词构成。用法：1）表示发生在过去某一时间或动作之前的事情，即“过去的过去”。用过去完成时，必须有一个过去的时间或动作来作参照，说明在此之前某事已发生。如果两个动作都是在过去发生的，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时。

23、例如：She told me she had been there three times before. 她告诉我她以前到过那里三次。（“去过”发生在“告诉”之前）How long had he taught here by the end of last term? 到上学期末为止，他在这里教学多长时间啦？ （“教学”发生在上学期末结束之前）When we arrived, the football match had already begun. 我们到的时候，足球赛已经开始了。She had visited China twice before she came this year.

24、她今年来中国之前已访问过中国两次了。2）过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续到过去这一时刻或将继续下去。例如：By the middle of last month, I had lived in Beijing for five years. 到上月中旬，我已在北京住了五年了。By six oclock they had worked for eight hours. 到六点为止，他们已工作八小时了。When I came to Shanghai, he had been there for a long time. 我到上海时，他在那里很长时间了。

25、3）过去完成时动词常用于间接引语和虚拟语气，我们以后会详细讲述。4）此外，过去完成时常用于 no soonerthan 和 hardly(scarcely) when 这两个句型，前面部分用过去完成时，后面部分用一般过去时。例如：No sooner had he stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. = He had no sooner stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. 他刚偷到钱包就被当场抓获。Saddam had hardly realized what was happ

26、ening when he was captured. = Hardly had Saddam realized what was happening when he was captured. 萨达姆还没有意识到在发生什么事情就被抓获了。详细讲解-过去完成进行时 、一般将来时过去完成进行时had been + 动词的现在分词。用法：表示一直持续到过去某个时间的行为动作，此行为动作或刚结束、或还没结束（可以从上下文看出）。这一时态经常与一般过去时一起使用。例如：When he came in, I had been trying to repair the TV for a couple of

27、 hours. 他进来的时候，我一直在努力修理电视机好几个小时了The roads were dangerous. It had been raining for two whole days. 道路很危险。雨一直下了两整天。They were tired because they had been digging since dawn. 他们累了，因为从天亮开始他们就一直在挖。The boy was delighted with the new mountain bike. He had been hoping for one for a long time. 那男孩得到一辆新山地自行车很高

28、兴。很长时间来他一直希望有一辆。一般将来时一般将来时动词表示将来发生的动作或情况。主要有以下几种表现形式：（1）shall/will + 动词原形表示单纯的将来，不涉及主语的主观意愿。第一人称I, we用shall 或will，其余用will. 其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式 疑问式I shall/will not study. Shall I study?You will not study. Will you study?He will not study. Will he study?否定疑问式 简单回答（肯定/否定）Shall I not (shant i) study? Yes, you will. No, you wont.Will you not (Wont you) study? Yes, I s