英语四级阅读理解练习及答案解析.docx

1、英语四级阅读理解练习及答案解析英语四级阅读练习及答案Passage One:As the horizons of science have expended, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist, the other, applied scientist. The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of the nature that gover

2、n our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practice problems. Neither is more important than the others, however, for the groups are very much related.Sometimes, however, the applied scientist finds the “problems” for the theoretical scientist to work on. Lets take a particular prob

3、lem of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys that perform satisfactorily in car cannot be used in a jet-propelled (喷气推进式) plane, New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel (涡

4、轮) in a turbojet (涡轮喷气发动机) must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so air craft designers have to turn to the research metallurgist for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes.Diving scientists into two groups-pure and applied-is on

5、ly one broad way of classifying them, however. When scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize. Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further subdivision. And, with fine

6、r and finer subdivisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no branch is entirely independent of the others. Many new specialties-geophysics and biochemistry, for example-have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more science.1.The applied scientist A) does

7、 original research to the basic laws of nature B) applied the result of research to practical problemsC) provides the basic knowledge for the pure scientistD) is not interested in practical problems2. The example given in the third paragraph illustrates how A) pure science operates independently of

8、applied scienceB) the applied scientist discover the basic laws of natureC) applied science defines all the areas in which basic research is doneD) applied science suggests problems for the basic scientist 3. Finer and finer subdivision in the field of science has resulted in A) the loss of the need

9、 for specialistsB) greater interdependence of each scienceC) greater dependence of each scienceD) the need for only one classification if scientists 4. Geophysics and biochemistry are .A) examples of new specialties resulting from combing sciencesB) totally dependent sciencesC) among the oldest scie

10、nces known to manD) both B)and C)5. “The horizons of science have expanded,”(para 1) means that A) scientists can see further out into spaceB) science has developed more field of human endeavorC) the horizon changes size from year to yearD) scientists have made a machine for enlarging the horizonPas

11、sage Two:Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the friendship for granted, we often dont clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with only a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few. For example, the average among students is

12、about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationship, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously .As we get to know people we take into account things like ages ,race, e

13、conomic condition, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background. Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usually for clos

14、e friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitude and interests in commonthey often talk about “being on the same wavelength”. It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors

15、and hate to break an promise. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerant differences of opinion.In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that r

16、esults from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background and break down of age, class and race.6.According to the author, . A) all those who get on well with each other are friendsB) friends are closer than people who just get on w

17、ell with each other C) everyone understand clearly how to make friendsD) every students has 6 friends7. When we make friends, we consider such things as age, race and background because A) it is not easy to have a friendly relationship with people when there is a marked difference in age and backgro

18、undB) the degreed of friendship between people and the reason for their shared interests can vary greatlyC) friends need to know all these thingsD) these are the most important factors to make friends8. In paragraph 2 , “being on the same wavelength” means .A) using the same frequency while talking

19、B) keeping the same friendly relationship as other people doC) having similar ideas, beliefs, attitudes and interestsD) having the same background9. Which of the following is not implied or directly stated in the passage?A) Even friends may have differences of opinionsB) Friends never argue with eac

20、h otherC) It generally takes time for people to become close friends.D) Someones habits may annoy his friends.10. To strengthen friendly relationship, people A) must hold friendship ceremoniesB) have to eliminate differences in backgroundC) should make friends with those who are of the same age and

21、the same raceD) should support and understand each other through shared experiences and emotionsPassage Three: The movement toward centralization of authority in state departments of education has in some cases created friction with communities, which regard this modern policy as usurpation(篡夺,夺取)of

22、 their rights. Constitutionally, there can be no doubt that the state has a right to prescribe(指示)to the local districts in any degree which it will. Legislatures(立法机构)have been given power by State Constitutions which make them the most important policy-making agent for education in a state. Legisl

23、atures establish the framework(机构)for education; they make direct appropriations for education; they create educational institutions; and they determine whether of not certain educational programs are to be authorized, expanded, decreased, or eliminated(废除). The Legislature usually authorizes a Stat

24、e education department to administer its policies. It may, however, provide for a state board of education to advise it regarding policy and to administer the educational program. The central agency may define the extent of the local district and may determine in detail what shall be done within thi

25、s district. While this is the constitutional right of the state, the practical fact is that the local district conducts its schools in very large measure according to its own desires, and local officers often talk upon state supervision as indefensible interference11. About the centralization of aut

26、hority in state department of education, some communities feel that .A) their rights are improvedB) their rights are ignoredC) their rights are violatedD) their rights are protected12. According to the article, which of the following rights are NOT belong to the state?A) The right to administer entr

27、ance examination.B) The right to expand or decrease educational programs.C) The right to budget school programsD) The right to created educational institutions.13. What does the Legislature usually do in administering Policies?A) It administers policies by itself.B) It authorizes a State education d

28、epartment administer its policies.C) It is authorized by a State education department to administer its policies.D) It authorizes a state board of education to administer the educational program.14. Which of the following is NOT true about actual educational situation?A) The local district has a lot

29、 of control over its schoolsB) The central agency may extend the extent of the local districtsC) State supervision is not always welcome to local districts.D) Local officers forbid State supervision if they think it is a kind of interference15. which of the following titles can best summarize the ar

30、ticle?A) The Legislature Administers its PoliciesB) The Centralization of Authority in State Department of EducationC) The Role of the State in EducationD) The Rights of the Local DistrictsPassage Four: Some people believed that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if co

31、untries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: those international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was the recent incident of tragedy involving murder of athletes, but the Games wer