山东省新届高三高考质量测评联盟高三联考英语试题解析版.docx

1、山东省新届高三高考质量测评联盟高三联考英语试题解析版山东省新2020届高三高考质量测评联盟高三5月联考英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15 小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe UKs music festivals are world famous but there are plenty more to celebrate in the country.Burns Night, Scotland On 25 January. Scots celebrate the life and works

2、 of Scotlands national poet Robert Burns by holding a special Burns Supper. This can be a casual gathering of friends or a huge formal dinner. Guests take it in turn to recite Burns poems or sing one of his songs.Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, WalesFor 10 days each May, the small town of Hay-on-Wye on th

3、e edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales is filled with writers, filmmakers, musicians, comedians, politicians, and people who come to hear them talk and exchange ideas. The festival celebrates great writing of all genres (体裁) and it all takes place in a tented village in the town.Camp Fe

4、stival, DorsetAs a branch of a festival held in Dorset, its one of the best family festivals in the UK. Held every year in the grounds of the historic Lulworth Castle in Dorset, the festival includes top live music acts but, as the organizers say, “kids are king” at Camp Festival, with a wide variet

5、y of entertainment, workshops and fun for kids. The 2020 Camp Festival takes place from 25 to 28 July.Guy Fawkes Day or “Bonfire Night”All over the UK on 5 November, the British light bonfires and set off fireworks in their back gardens or, more commonly these days, at organized events in public par

6、ks. They celebrate the Catholic Guy Fawkes failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament on 5 November, 1605.1. Which festivals are related to literature?A. Burns Night and Hay Festival.B. Hay Festival and Camp Festival.C. Burns Night and Guy Fawkes Day.D. Camp Festival and Guy Fawkes Day.2. Wh

7、en does the festival most appealing to children take place?A. In January. B. In May.C. In July. D. In November.3. What does Guy Fawkes Day celebrate?A. A historical event.B. A successful explosion.C. An organized strike.D. An impressive building.答案1. A 2. C 3. A解析这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4个英国节日：Burns Night, S

8、cotland(燃烧的夜晚，苏格兰); Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales(海伊文化艺术节); Camp Festival, Dorset(英国露营节，多塞特郡); Guy Fawkes Day or “Bonfire Night”(盖伊福克斯之夜，又称篝火之夜)。1题详解细节理解题。根据文章Burns Night, Scotland部分内容“Scots celebrate the life and works of Scotlands national poet Robert Burns by holding a special Burns Supper.( 苏格

9、兰人举行“彭斯晚餐”，纪念苏格兰民族诗人罗伯特彭斯的生平和作品。)”以及文章Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales部分内容“The festival celebrates great writing of all genres and it all takes place in a tented village in the town.( 这个节日是为了庆祝各种流派的伟大作品，所有这一切都发生在镇上的一个帐篷村庄里。)”可知，“Burns Night, Scotland”和“Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales”这两个节日与文学作品有关。故选A

10、项。2题详解细节理解题。根据文章“Camp Festival, Dorset”部分内容as the organizers say, “kids are king” at Camp Festival, with a wide variety of entertainment, workshops and fun for kids. The 2020 Camp Festival takes place from 25 to 28 July.(正如组织者所说，是一个“儿童为王”的营地节日，有各种各样的娱乐活动，研讨会和孩子们的乐趣。2020露营节于7月25日至28日举行。)可知，“Camp Fest

11、ival, Dorset”是最吸引孩子的节日，将于7月25日至28日举行。故选C项。3题详解细节理解题。根据文章Guy Fawkes Day or “Bonfire Night”部分内容“They celebrate the Catholic Guy Fawkes failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament on 5 November, 1605.”可知他们庆祝的是一件历史事件：天主教徒盖伊福克斯在1605年11月5日炸毁国会大厦失败。故选A项。BI remember doing the household chores to help

12、 my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.Easier said than done, of course. I didnt realize that

13、 I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash,

14、and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a busine

15、ss model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlanti

16、c to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner. I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.Today, I sti

17、ll embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention,4. What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner?A. His willingness to help mom.B. His curiosity about machines.C. His trouble in doing family chores.D. His discontent with existi

18、ng cleaners.5. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us?A. The help from the authors wife.B. The financial problems of the family.C. The tough process of the new invention.D. The procedures of making a bagless cleaner.6. Why did the companies refuse to license the authors technology?A. They thought they

19、 might suffer loss.B. They considered it not good enough.C. They faced legal problems themselves.D. They had begun making such machines.7. What lesson may the author learn from the experience?A. Think twice before acting.B. Failure is the mother of success.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. A goo

20、d beginning makes a good ending.答案4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B解析这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者发明无袋吸尘器的经历，揭示了“失败为成功之母”的道理。4题详解细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine

21、 worked, I decided to make a bagless one.( 我讨厌换真空吸尘器的袋子，讨厌把吸尘器吸不进去的东西捡起来。二十年后，也就是1978年，我对这台机器的工作方式一直很反感，于是决定做一台无袋的。)”可知，对于真空吸尘器的反感导致了作者研制一种无袋吸尘器。故选D项。5题详解主旨大意题。通读文章第二段内容，可知其段落结构为总分总结构，首句内容“Easier said than done, of course.( 当然，说起来容易做起来难。)”和末尾句内容“These were tough times, but each failure brought me cl

22、oser to solving the problem.( 这是艰难的时刻，但每一次失败都让我离解决问题更近了一步。)”点明本段主旨要义，即：作者发明无袋吸尘器过程中遇到的一些困难。选项C. The tough process of the new invention.(这项新发明的艰难过程。)贴合主旨。故选C项。6题详解细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters. No one would license my ide

23、a, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business.( 主要的吸尘器制造商建立了一种基于包装袋和过滤器利润的商业模式。没有人会批准我的想法，不是因为它不好，而是因为它不利于生意。)”可知，没人会认可作者的想法是因为真空吸尘器的包装袋和过滤器能够给商家带来盈利，而作者发明的无袋吸尘器会使商家失去原有的能够带来盈利的部分，因此商家担心其不能带来盈利反而可能会导致损失。故选A项。7题详解推理判断题。作者在文章末尾点明主旨，揭示道理：Today, I still embrace risk and the potent

24、ial for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.( 今天，我仍然接受风险和失败的可能性作为过程的一部分。没有什么能比得上发明带来的兴奋。)可知，作者的“无袋吸尘器”发明经历使他明白了风险和失败在发明过程中是可能存在的。选项B. Failure is the mother of success.( 失败是成功之母。)正确陈述了作者的领悟。故选B项。CPigeons (鸽子) may be considered mice of the sky, but some scientists

25、 have found greater value in these urban birds: the blueprint for a new generation of flying machines.Birds can transform the shape of their wings by fanning out their feathers or moving them closer together. Those adjustments allow birds to cut through the sky more flexibly than rigid drones (无人机).

26、 Now, using new insights into exactly how pigeons joints control the spread of their wing feathers, researchers have built a robotic pigeon. This research paves the way for creating more light aircraft, says Dario Floreano, a roboticist in Switzerland not involved in the work.“Whats really cool abou

27、t this robot is that you can make adjustments in a robotic wing that you could never do when studying flight in a bird”, says David Lentink, an engineer and biologist at Stanford University. A controllable robotic pigeon solves that problem. In flight tests, entinks team observed that bending only t

28、he fingers of one wing eased the robot into a banked turn-offering the first evidence that birds may sometimes use just their fingers to direct in flight. In a second study, Lentinks group used their robotic wing design to confirm another insight into bird flight: how gaps are prevented from forming

29、 between feathers on extended wings.This is the best set of robotic wings yet for testing how birds adjust their flight feathers to move through the air, says Tyson Hedrick, a biomechanist. But “theres plenty of room for improvement.” For instance, a future flying robot could include a shoulder join

30、t to investigate how waving a birds wings up and down influences flight, he says.8. What is the newly-found worth of pigeons?A. They help study other species.B. They protect other urban birds.C. They provide proof of mices harm.D. They inspire a new aircraft.9 What is Dario Floreanos attitude to the

31、 research?A. Negative. B. Positive.C. Neutral. D. Critical.10. What do the underlined words “that problem” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Pigeons in flight can hardly be observed.B People cant make adjustments in birds wings.C. It is difficult for pigeons to make a banked turn.D. Pigeons fail to control

32、 the spread of their wing feathers.11. Where does the text probably come from?A. A travel journal.B. A travel brochure.C. A science fiction.D. A science magazine.答案8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D解析这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了利用对鸽子的关节如何控制翅膀羽毛伸展的新见解，研究人员已经建造了一个机器鸽子，这是一套用于测试鸟类如何调整飞行羽毛在空中移动的机械翅膀，能够有效帮助科学家研发出新一代的飞行器。8题详解细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Pigeons may be considered mice of the sky, but some scientists have found greater value in these urban birds: the blueprint for a new