数词.docx

1、数词“数词+more”与“another+数词” 2007年的安徽高考英语有这样一道题：The schools music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two _ on the weekend. A. more B. other C. else D. another此题答案选A。two more的意思是“另外两场”。more用于数词后，表示数量的增加，即表示在原有基础上又增加了若干数量。注意不要选D，因为another与数词搭配时，总是要放在数词之前。下面我们来看看这两个结构的用法：一、“数词+more”的用法Three

2、 more of the missing climbers have been found.失踪的登山者又找到了3个。How many more stamps do you want?Four more please.你还要多少张邮票?请再给4张。If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.如果他多得六票，现在就是我们的主席了。二、“another+数词”的用法I shall stay another five months.我将再待五个月。They drove for another three hours.

3、他们又行驶了3个小时。The strike may last another six weeks.罢工可能还要持续六个礼拜。China picked up another ten gold medals.中国又获得了10枚金牌。The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。三、两点用法说明1. 当其中的数词为one时，我们可以说one more，但一般不用another one。如：He decided to have one more try.他决定再试一次 (自)。Surely you

4、can put it off one more week.肯定你可以把它再推迟一个礼拜。I was wondering if I must ask you one more question.我不知道我是不是还需要再向你提一个问题。在意义上该用another one的地方，英语通常只用another。如：Shes going to have another baby.她又快有孩子了。Its cold I need another blanket.太冷了我再要一条毯子。不过，如果其中的one不是数词，而是代词，则可以用another one。如：This pen doesnt work. I m

5、ust buy another one.这支钢笔坏了。我该另买一支了。Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one.我在外面看见你的汽车了，它给另一辆车撞了。If you children closed up a bit thered be room for another one on this seat. 你们几个孩子要是挤一挤，这座位上还能加一个人。即使其中的one不是数词而是代词，英语也通常省略another one中的one。如：I didnt like the red skirt, so I asked

6、 to see another (one).我不喜欢那条红裙子，所以我要求看另外一条。2. 当其中的数词为few时，英语可以说another few。如：Im staying for another few weeks.我还要再呆几个星期。I need another few days before l can make up my mind.我还需几天才能决定。对于more而言，英语通常的搭配是a few more。如：I advise waiting a few more days.我建议再等几天。Wet weather may continue for a few more days.多

7、雨的天气可能还要持续好几天。dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million用法要点 这些词的用法极为相似，需注意的用法有：1. 当这些词与具体数字连用时，通常不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词 of。如：I want three score eggs.我要60只鸡蛋。He is a man of three score years.他六十岁。Two hundred (thousand) students went there.有两百(千)学生去了那儿。About three million workers were on strike.参加罢工的大约有三百万工人。注：有人

8、认为 score, dozen之后有时也接 of, 但惯用法认为省略 of则常见。另外，当 million用作中心词(即其后不接名词或数词)时，有时也可带复数词尾-s。如：The population of New Zealand is now three million(s).新西兰现有人口三百万。2. 当这些词不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,然后才能接名词。如：Ive read it dozens (scores) of times.我读过它几十次。Thousands of students entered the contest.

9、数千名学生参加了这次比赛。Millions of people died in the war.有数百万人在这次战争中丧生。注：若不出现名词，则不用介词 of。如：Millions (of people) are homeless.千千万万的人无家可归。3. 当这些词与 a few, several, many等数目不很具体的词连用时，带不带复数词尾 -s均可，但是注意：若不带复数词 -s, 其后的介词 of可以省略；若带复数词尾-s,则其后介词 of不能省略。如：在那儿我见到了数百外宾。正：There I saw several hundred(s) of foreign guests.正：

10、There I saw several hundred foreign guests.注意 some hundred persons与 some hundreds of persons含义不同：前者指“大约一百人”，其中 someabout a；后者指“几百人”。4. 当这些词后面的名词有了 the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是 us, them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词 of。如：two dozen of them它们中的两打three scores of these eggs这些鸡蛋中的三打 five hundred of the workers这些

11、工人中的五百人 5. 注意以下与介词 by连用的例子(from )：The eggs are sold by the dozen.鸡蛋按打出售。The ants arrived at the picnic by the hundred(s).成群的蚂蚁来到野餐的地方。They were sold by the thousand(s).它们被大批大批地(论千地)出售。比较：Pack them in dozens.把它们成打地包起来(即每12个一包)。 dozen用法的方方面面 有这样一道题，涉及dozen用法的多个方面，你做得对吗？We already have _ pencils, but w

12、e need two _ pens.A. dozen of, dozen B. dozens of, dozensC. dozens of, dozen D. dozens of, dozen of【分析】此题最佳答案为C。关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂，大致原则是：(1)当它与具体数字连用时，既不加复数词尾-s，也不后接介词of。尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of这样的用例，但这已属过时用法，在考试中应避免，如1992年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项：Shortly after the accident, _ police were

13、 sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen D(2)当它不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s，而且要后接介词 of，此时可将dozens of(许多，几十)视为习语。如：Ive been there dozens of times.我去过那儿几十次。Shes got dozens of boy-friends.她的男朋友很多。下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况：Pack them in dozens.按打装袋吧。 (3)当与 a few,

14、several等数目不很具体的词连用时，加不加复数词尾-s均可，但需注意：不加复数词尾-s时，其后的介词of可以省略；加词尾-s时，其后介词 of不能省略。如：several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔(from )注：英语较少使用many dozen的说法，要表示类似意思可用dozens of。(4)当它后面的名词受 the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词 of。如：two dozen of these eggs两打这种鸡蛋three doze

15、n of them它们中的3打注：score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法。 hundred, thousand和million的用法说明 (1)用单数的场合当这些词与具体数字连用时，习惯上用单数，而且也不后接介词of。如：He was prepared to pay two million.他愿意支付200万。More than a hundred people were injured.有一百多人受了伤。但是，当这些词后面的名词有了the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用

16、介词 of。如：About three hundred of them have left there.他们当中约有300人离开了那儿。(2)用复数的场合当这些词不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要要用复数，而且要后接介词of，然后才能接名词。如：The sun was shining. Thousands of people were lying on the beach.阳光灿烂，数以千计的人躺在海滩上。A careless mistake cost the company millions of pounds.一个粗心的错误使公司蒙受数百镑的损失。不能连词数字的几种常见情

17、况 far用作形容词，表示“遥远的”，通常不与具体数字连用。如：车站离我家5英里。误：The station is five miles far (away) from my home.正：The station is five miles distant from my home.正：The station is five miles away from my home.析：far通常不可以与数字连用，此时需用 distant。both一般不与数词 two连用，以免语义重复。如：这两个男孩子都很聪明。误：Both the two boys are clever.正：Both the boys

18、 are clever.正：The two boys are clever.clothes(衣服)虽然是一个没有单数形式的复数名词，但它却 不能与直接与数词连用。她为我买了两套衣服。误：She bought me two clothes.正：She bought me two suits of clothes.goods(货物)是一个没有单数形式的复数名词，但是却不能直接用数词修饰，要表示“货物”的件数，通常借助 piece。如：他发现有两件货被偷了。误：He found two goods had been stolen.正：He found two pieces of goods had

19、been stolen.troops侧重指构成军队的士兵成员，但并不指个别士兵，因此它一般不与数字(尤其是较小的数字)连用。比如：“两个士兵”一般不说 two troops,可说 two soldiers。不过 troops有时可与较大的数词连用。如可说(from )：a hundred troops一百个士兵Forty-four troops were killed. 44名士兵阵亡。 分数、倍数、小数和百分数的表示法 一、分数的表示法分数由基数词和序数构成分子用基数词，分母用序数，分子超过“1”时，分母用复数：a one sixth(1/6), two thirds(2/3), three

20、 fifths()3/5)【说明】(1) 1/2通常读作 a one half，一般不读作a second。2. 1/4可读作 a one fourth，也可读作 a one quarter。3. 分子超过“1”分母之所以用复数可以这样理解：“三分之二”即两个(two)三分之一(third)，既然是两个“三分之一”，那“三分之一”当然要用复数，即用thirds。4. 在数学上，为了简洁起见，分子和分母均可用基数词，其间用介词over：3/4读作three over four(对于比较复杂的分数通常采用此读法) 5. 带分数的读法：在整数与分数之间用and连接：five and two thir

21、ds 二、倍数的表示法表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词：Half (of) the apples are bad.一半苹果是坏的。His homework is not yet half done.他的作业还没完成一半。He eats twice what I eat.他的食量是我的两倍。比较以下三句，虽然表达形式不同，但含义相同：1. This rope is three times as long as that one.这根绳子是那根的三倍长。2. This rope is three times longer than tha

22、t one.这根绳子是那根的三倍长。3. This rope is three times the length of that one.这根绳子是那根的三倍长。第(1)句和第(3)句的意思比较清楚，但第(2)句常容易误解，有人认为它与其他两句意思不同，应理解为“这根绳子比那根绳子长三倍”，但绝大多数语法学家并不这样认为，而是认为以上三句意思相同。 三、小数的表示法与汉语一样，小数点前的数按普通基数词的读法读，小数点后的数按单个数字一一读出。小数点后的0通常读作oh，有时也读作nought或zero，小数点读作point：one point five six(1.56), ten point

23、three oh five【说明】被大于“1”的小数修饰的名词要用复数，如说 1.3 meters，不说1.3 meter；即使是被小于“1”的小数修饰，名词也通常可以用复数：One centimeter equals 0.3937 inches. 1厘米等于0.3937英寸。 四、百分数的表示法百分数由基数词(或小数)和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读作 per cent：fifteen percent(15%), ero) point six percent(0.6%)【说明】百分数后接名词时有时用介词of，有时不用：30% of the students(30%的学生)，a 30% ch

24、ance(30%的把握)。两者的区别是：后接介词of时，percent为名词，of表示整体中的部分；不接介词of时，percent为形容词(此时不表示整体与部分的关系)，再比较：6 percent of the interest利息中的百分之六，at 6 percent interest按百分之六的利息。分数及百分数的用法 1.分数词的用法英语分数词由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于“1”，则分母要用复数。如：Three quarters of the students have passed the exam.四分之三的学生考试及格了。The WTO cannot

25、live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.如果世贸组织不能容纳占世界人口五分之一的国家，那它就算不上世界贸易组织了。2.百分数的用法百分数由“基数词+percent”构成。如：With production up by 60 percent, the company has had another excellent year.因为产量提高了60%，所以公司那年又取得了很好的效益。About 60 percent of the workers in this

26、 company are young people.这个公司约60%的工人是年轻人。 含有数字four的英语成语 four square直率的；坦白的The girl is four square.这女孩很直率。 on all fours爬着The baby was crawling about on all fours.婴儿那时正在满处爬。four-lettered words下流话These books are full of four-lettered words.这些书里脏话连篇。 in fours每组四个Group together in fours!每四人一组!Students a

27、re standing in a line，in fours.学生们每组四人排成队。 含有数字one的英语成语 one by one一个个地He went through the items on a list one by one.他逐个处理单子上的项目。Students went out of the classroom one by one as soon as the bell rang.下课铃一响，学生们一个个从教室里走出来。 in one合为一体Hes President, Treasurer and Secretary in one.他身兼会长、司库和秘书三职。Its a boo

28、k of English phonetics，grammar and usage in one.这是一本英语语音、语法和习惯用语结合为一体的书。 one too many多余的，不需要的I found myself one too many among them.我发现自己在他们当中是个多余的人。 one in a thousand优秀的人（或事物）My brother is a one in a thousand.我的兄弟是位优秀人物。 含有数字three的英语成语 by twos and threes三三两两We went to the station by twos and threes

29、.我们三三两两地走向车站。 三三两两in twos and threesThey arrived in twos and threes.他们三三两两地来了。 three-bottle man大酒徒His grandfather is a three-bottle man.他外公是个大酒徒。 含有数字two的英语成语 two-way双向的We need a two-way switch.我们需要一个双路开关。He invented a two-way recorder.他发明了两用收录机。 in twos两个两个地The children walked in twos with one teac

30、her in front and one behind.孩子们排成两行走，前后各有一位老师。in twos and threes三三两两地Applications for the job are coming in slowly in twos and threes.申请这份工作的信件三三两两来得很慢。in two twos立刻；一转眼My pen was lost in two twos.我的钢笔一转眼就不见了。 put two and two together根据所见、所闻等推测出真相He is rather inclined to put two and two together and

31、 make five.他一推测就出圈儿。They came to the conclusion that he hadnt run out of their city, putting two and two together.根据事实推断，他们得出这样的结论，他还没有跑出这座城市。 基数词及序数词重要用法 1.基数词的用法基数词用于表示事物的数量，在表示基数词时，要特别注意hundred, thousand, million, billion等几个词的用法：若其前用了基数词，则不论其面是否有of，都必须用单数形式(此时若带of则通常表示特定范围中的一部分)；若泛指数百、数千、数百万等，则用 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of等这样的结构。如：Two hundred of the students are needed to plant trees this