轻化工程专业英语词汇解析.docx

1、轻化工程专业英语词汇解析Unit 1 Fibrecellulosic 纤维素的 cotton 棉 flax （linen） 亚麻 ramie 苎麻 jute 黄麻protein 蛋白质 wool 羊毛 silk 丝 spider silk 蜘蛛丝 mohair 马海毛 cashmere 羊绒synthetic 合成的 acrylic 腈纶 nylon 尼龙 polyester 涤纶 Spandex 氨纶polyamide 聚酰胺 polypropylene 聚丙烯 polyethylene 聚乙烯regenerated fiber 再生纤维 rayon 人造丝 viscose 粘胶staple

2、 rayon (artificial cotton) 人造棉 zein fiber 玉米纤维 soybean fiber 大豆蛋白纤维 bamboo fiber 竹纤维 Modal 莫代尔纤维Lyocell 莱赛尔纤维 Galss fiber 玻璃纤维 Optical fiber 光纤 Metallic fiber 金属纤维 Carbon fiber 碳纤维Staple length 纤维长度 linear density 线密度Fine-staple cotton 细绒棉 long-staple cotton 长绒棉Milky white 乳白色 maple 淡棕色Lustrous 光泽的，

3、丝光 twist 转曲Kidney 肾 lumen 腔Freedom from foreign matter 含杂率 Moisture absorption 吸湿Abrasion 磨，摩擦Dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性Acid 酸Alkali 碱Shrinkage 收缩Wrinkle 起皱Apparel 服装Towel 毛巾Sheet 床单Pillowcase 枕套Home furnishings 家居装饰Recreational 休闲的Retting 沤麻Pectin 胶质Scutching 打麻Threshing 脱粒，打谷Heckling 梳麻Crimp 卷曲的T

4、exture 结构Staple 短纤filament 长丝Spin 纺丝thickness 厚度，密度Fine wool 细毛Coarse wool 粗毛Medium wool 半细毛Kemp 死毛Merino 美利奴Scale 鳞片Moisture 潮湿，湿气Static electricity 静电荷Build up 积聚Grease wool 原毛Scouring 洗毛Pilling 起球Fineness 细度Outerwear 外衣Blanket 毯子Fabric 织物Felt 毡， 毡化Knitting 针织Weaving 机织v shrinkage 收缩v tensile stre

5、ngth 断裂强力v perspiration 汗渍v shirt 衬衫v dress 女装v negligee 睡衣v robe 礼服v skirtsuit 裙装v luster 光泽v drape 悬垂性v cocoon 蚕茧v triangular 三角形v soft 柔软的v slippery 光滑的v elasticity 弹力v chiffon 薄绸v Tie 领带v Suit 西装v Jacket 夹克衫v Slack 长裤v blouse 女衫v dress 童装v hosiery 袜类v raincoat 雨衣v ski apparel 滑雪服v swimwear 游泳衣v

6、lustrous 有光泽的v elastic 弹性的v Abrasion resistant 耐磨性v resilient 有弹性的Unit 2 Fabric preparation wet processing 湿法工艺v greige fabric 坯布v dyeing 染色v printing 印花v finishing 整理v singeing 烧毛v desizing 退浆v scouring 洗毛,精练v bleaching 漂白v mercerizing 丝光v carbonizing 炭化v heat setting 热定形v Continuous rope range（连续绳

7、状生产线）v Continuous open width range 连续平幅生产线v size 浆料v effluent treatment 污水处理v starch 淀粉v degradation 降解v impregnation 浸渍v solubilize 溶解v enzymatic desizing 酶退浆v enzyme 酶v amylase 淀粉酶v oxidative 氧化的v acid 酸v warp 经纱v yarn 纱线v woven 机织v fabric 织物v off-white 乳白v wetting 润湿v detergent 清洁剂v decoloration

8、脱色v chromophore 发色团v oxidative bleaches 氧化漂白剂v reductive bleaches 还原漂白剂v sodium hypochlorite 次氯酸钠v hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢v sodium chlorite 亚氯酸钠v stabilizer 稳定剂v Sodium silicate 硅酸钠v whiteness 白度v optical brighteners 荧光增白剂v Sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠v Caustic soda 烧碱v Concentration 浓度v Tension 张力v Chain m

9、ercerizing 链条丝光机v Pad mangle 轧液机v Clip tenter frame 布铗拉幅机v Barium number 钡指数Unit 3 dyeingdye 染料，染色 affinity 亲和力 substantivity 直接性 mordant 媒染剂 fastness 牢度 pigment 色素，颜料lake pigment 色淀 acid dye 酸性染料 attachment 附着 dyebath 染浴 anionic 阴离子的 neutral 中性的cationic 阳离子的Direct dye 直接染料 Disperse dye 分散染料 reactiv

10、e dye 活性染料 Vat dye 还原染料Basic dye 碱性染料 Azo dye 偶氮染料 Sulfur dye 硫化染料Indigo 靛蓝 denim 牛仔布 Water fastness 水洗牢度Light fastness 日晒牢度Perspiration fastness 汗渍牢度Rub fastness 摩擦牢度solution 溶液 The uptake rate of the dye 染料上染速率 Fixation 固色 Dyestuff 染料 levelling 匀染 wet fastness 湿牢度Electrolyte 电解质 migration 移染 hue 色

11、调shade 颜色深浅 Hydrophobic 疏水的Sublime 升华Solubility 溶解性Bleed 渗色 Covalent bond 共价键Hydrolysis 水解The degree of fixation 固色率Tie dyeing 扎染Effluent 流出物Cationic dye 阳离子染料Fluorescent 荧光增白剂Whitening agents 增白剂v Auxiliary chemicals 助剂v Unfixed dyes 浮色v Dye fixation 固色率v Dyebath ratio 浴比v Stock dyeing 散纤维染色v Piece

12、 dyeing 匹染v Yarn dyeing 纱线染色v Hank (skein) dyeing 绞纱染色v Package dyeing 筒子纱染色v Beam dyeing 经轴染色v Space dyeing 段染v Infra red drying oven 红外线干燥箱v Jig dyeing machine 卷染机v Atmospheric jigs 常压卷染机v High temperature jigs 高温卷染机 v Beck dyeing machine 绳状染色机v Jet dyeing machine 喷射染色机v Overflow dyeing machine 溢流

13、染色机v Airflow dyeing machine 气流染色机v Paddle dyeing machine 桨叶式染色机Unit 4 printingv Pattern 图案v Direct printing 直接印花v Dyed printing 色底印花v Resist printing 防染印花v Discharge printing 拔染印花v Colorant 着色剂v Thickener 增稠剂v Mordant 媒染剂v Stenter 拉幅机v Starch 淀粉v Paste 糊料v Digital printing 数码印花v Roller printing 滚筒印花

14、v Flat-screen printing 平网印花v Rotary-screen printing 圆网印花v Pigment printing 涂料印花v Transfer printing 转移印花v Binder 粘结剂v Fixing agent 固色剂v Plasticizer 增塑剂v Defoamer 消泡剂v Formulation 配方Unit 5 Fabric finishingv Mechanical finishing 机械整理v Luster 光泽v Softness 柔软v Residual shrinkage 剩余缩率v Hand 手感v Compacting

15、-shrinkproofing 预缩-防缩整理 v Shrink 收缩v Pre-shrinking 预缩v Sanforizer 预缩机v Overfeed pin tentering 超喂针板拉幅机v Calendaring 轧光整理v Chasing calendars 叠层轧光v Friction calendars 摩擦轧光v Schreiner calendar 电光机v Raising 起绒v Napping 拉绒v Sueding 砂洗（仿麂皮整理）v Suede leather 绒面革v Profit margin 利润率v Shearing 剪绒v Polishing 抛光

16、v Decating 蒸化v Durable press finishes 耐久压烫整理v Wrinkle 起皱v Steam-iron 蒸汽熨斗v Crease recovery angle 折皱回复角v Wrinkle resistance 抗折皱性v DP rating 永久免烫等级v Permanent press 永久免烫v Precure 预处理v Crease resisetant finish 抗皱整理v Hand modification 手感整理v Handbuilder 硬挺整理剂v Softener 柔软剂v Surfactant 表面活性剂v Water repell

17、ent 拒水剂v Abrasion resistance 耐磨性v Tearing strength 撕裂强力v Rinse 漂洗v Stain repellency 拒污性v Oil repellency 拒油性v Water repellency fabric 拒水织物 v Water proof fabric 防水织物v Soil-release finishes 防沾污整理v Flame retardant finishes 阻燃整理v Vertical ignition test 垂直燃烧测试v Antipill finishing 抗起球整理v Antistatic finishes 抗静电整理