高考英语新人教版一轮复习练习Book 5 Unit 1.docx

1、高考英语新人教版一轮复习练习Book 5 Unit 1基础知识默写(学生用书265266页)1.scientific adj.科学的scientist n.科学家2.conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n.结论；结束3.defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n.失败4.expert n.专家；行家 adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的5.attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加attendant n.服务员；随从；(病人的)护理者attendance n.出席；参加6.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的exposur

2、e n.暴露；揭露7.cure vt.治愈；治疗 n.治愈；痊愈；疗法8.challenge n.挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.挑战性的9.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心absorbed adj.专心致志的10.suspect vt.认为；怀疑 n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯11.blame vt.责备；谴责 n.过失；责备12.pollute vt.污染；弄脏polluted adj.被污染的pollution n.污染13.handle n.柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵14.announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n.宣布；通告15.instruct v

3、t.命令；指示；教导instruction n.命令；指示；用法说明16.contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n.贡献；捐助17.physician n.医生；内科医师18.severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的19.link vt.& n.连接；联系20.firework n.烟火(燃放)21.spin vt.& vi.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)22.universe n.宇宙；世界23.enquiry n.询问enquire v.询问；打听24.construct vt.建设；修建construction n.建设；建筑物25.positiv

4、e adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的negative adj.消极的；否定的26.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的enthusiasm n.热情，热心27.cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的caution n.谨慎28.reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n.拒绝29.put forward提出30.draw a conclusion得出结论31.expose.to使显露；暴露32.be to blame for该为受责备；应为承担责任33.link.to.将和联系或连接起来34.apart from除之外；此外35.(be) strict with.

5、对严格的36.lead to导致37.make sense讲得通；有意义38.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。39.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。40.To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water s

6、upplies be examined.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。基础知识夯实.语境填词1.The more positive(积极的) an article，the more likely it was to be shared.(2016全国)2.He said he was enthusiastic(热情的) about Chinese and asked me to find him some books specially intended for Chinese beginners.(2018四川双流中学二模)3.He is the best phy

7、sician(内科医生) in this hospital.4.Animal lovers have long suspected(认为) playing with pups was good for the soul，and now science has confirmed it.(2018湖南岳阳二模)5.I find it unfair to blame(责备) it on the athletes.They are all trying their best.6.As I travelled further to the west，going after the storm，the

8、damage along the way became less severe(严重的).(2018山东聊城二模)7.We were shocked by the announcement(announce) that the mayor was resigning.8.Rosa Parks made a great contribution(contribute) to the civilrights movement in the US.9.Now researchers are applying scientific(science) methods to the study of th

9、e universality of art.10.While enjoying the moment in the bar，be cautious(caution) and keep an eye on your drink at all times.11.What a shame！Such a beautiful place was so seriously polluted(pollute).12.Getting your children to stop lying is challenging(challenge).There are many influences in which

10、lies are common.13.Located where the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction(construct).(2017江苏)14.But for your instruction(instruct)，I wouldnt have made such great progress in so short a time.Thanks a lot.15.All exposed(expose) skin should be covered with

11、protective cream.选词成篇Born in Warsaw Poland，Madame Curie went to attend college in Paris as a young lady，where she met her husband Pierre Curie.They 1.were absorbed in the research into radioactive matter，which 2.led to the discovery of radium and polonium.Meanwhile，they 3.put forward some new theori

12、es about radioactivity.In 1903，they were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.Madame Curie 4.made great contributions to the development of science，but money and reputation 5.made no sense to her.After many tests，scientists 6.draw a conclusion that 7.being exposed to cell phone radiation for long is

13、bad for health.So,8.apart from right guides，we must 9.be strict with our children who are addicted to cell phones.I think cell phones and parents 10.are to blame for childrens addiction.完成句子1.Every time I was in trouble，he would come to help me out.(every time)每当我处于困境， 他都会来帮助我。2.To get an education，

14、he was struggling against many difficulties.(不定式作目的状语)为了接受教育， 他努力克服很多困难。3.Neither my wife nor I am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.(neither .nor.)我妻子和我都没能说服女儿改变主意。4.I suggest that we (should) wait a while before we make any decision.(suggest)我建议我们在作出任何决定之前先等一会儿。1.“熟练”归纳(1)expert adj.

15、熟练的；内行的(2)skillful adj.熟练的；灵巧的(3)skilled adj.熟练的；有技能的(4)experienced adj.熟练的；有经验的2.以ic结尾的常见形容词(1)characteristic特有的；独特的(2)scientific科学的(3)enthusiastic热情的；热心的(4)energetic精力充沛的(5)fantastic极好的3.“照顾、照看”多重表达(1)attend to sb.(2)care for sb.(3)take care of sb.(4)look after sb.(5)see after sb.4.“把和连接起来”荟萃(1)li

16、nk.to.将和联系或连接起来(2)connect .with.把和连接起来(3)associate.with.把和联系起来(4)combine .with.把和结合起来 (1)conclude sth.from.从中推断出to conclude最后conclude.with/by doing.以(做)结束(2)conclusion n.结论；推论arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总之；最后(1)In conclusion(总之)，certain movies play a positive role，but n

17、ot all movies do.(2)She concluded her talk with a funny story.(3)同义句改写I have concluded from my own experiences that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”I have drawn a conclusion from my own experiences that “Where there is a will，there is a way.” (1)Later，when Hannah attended school(上学)，she saw a

18、nother homeless person. (2017北京)(2)Would you like to join us in the game?Im afraid not，for I have something important to attend to.易错点拨在attend school/class/church短语中，名词school/class/church前不带冠词。 (1)expose sth./sb./oneself to.使某物/某人/自己暴露于be exposed to暴露于；经受(2)exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的exposure n.暴露；揭露(1)So

19、me people think we shouldnt expose the children to playing(play) computer games.有些人认为我们不应该让孩子们玩电脑游戏。(2)While interacting with people in India，I was exposed to a way of life completely different from my own.(2018江苏兴化一中模拟)在印度与人交流时，我接触到了与我完全不同的生活方式。句式升级(3)Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will

20、 be harmful to your skin.Exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.(用动名词短语作主语改写)If exposed to the sunlight for too long，you will get your skin harmed.(用if省略句改写)(4)He was exposed to the rain and wind last night and he was ill.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Exposed to the rain and win

21、d last night，he was ill.熟词生义选择句子中expose的汉语意思(5)Schools are again exposing children to the classics. B A.揭发B.使接触到C.暴露 absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并 (1)absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的be absorbed in全神贯注于be absorbed by/into被吞并(吸引)(1)In this case，try to push a

22、way your thoughts until youre absorbed(absorb) in what your friend is saying.(2018河南南阳一中模拟)(2)This plant absorbed water from the earth around it.句式升级(3)He was absorbed in TV so that he forgot to sleep.(用形容词短语作状语改写)Absorbed in TV，he forgot to sleep. 易错点拨be absorbed in结构在句中作状语或定语时，常用absorbed in.。类似的结构

23、还有：be lost in，be caught in，be buried in，be devoted to，be occupied in，be involved in等。 blame v.把归咎于，责怪，指责n.责任；责备，指责 (1)blame sb.for.因而指责某人；把归咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)(对某事)负有责任；应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的

24、责任推到某人身上(1)He blamed the teacher for the failure of his exam./He blamed the failure of his exam on the teacher.他把考试失败归咎于老师。(2)It was the natural disaster，rather than human errors，that was to blame for the death of so many innocent people.(2018兴化一中模拟)是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜的人的死亡负责。(3)Lots of people fin

25、d it hard to get up in the morning，and put/lay the blame on the alarm clock.(2017全国)许多人发现早上起床很困难并将其归咎于闹钟。 (1)contribute.to.把贡献给；把(时间等)投入到；捐款；投稿contribute to有助于；导致(2)contribution n.贡献；捐献；稿件make a contribution/contributions to对做出贡献；捐款(1)We hope your suggestion will contribute to solving(solve) the pro

26、blem.我们希望你的建议有助于问题的解决。(2)No doubt the theater has contributed to the areas development and economic growth.(2018江苏)毫无疑问，剧院有助于该地区的发展和经济增长。(3)Would you like to make contributions/a contribution to the hospital building fund?你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？图解助记 put aside把放到一边；储存put off推迟；延期put up with忍受；容忍put away把收拾好；整

27、理；储蓄put on穿上；上演；增加put up搭建；张贴；为提供住宿put down放下；写下；镇压写出下列句子中put forward的汉语意思(1)Put your watch forward；its five minutes slow. 拨快(2)I think he is fit for the position；therefore，Ill put him forward as a candidate. 推荐(3)They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. 将提前(4)Over the years seve

28、ral similar theories have been put forward. 提出 表示“除之外”的词或短语还有：(1)besidesin addition to除之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。(2)except/but除外(都)，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体、肯定或否定意义的词连用。(3)except for除以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。同义句改写(1)No one apart from her husband knew about her job.No one bu

29、t/except her husband knew about her job.(2)Apart from French，he also has to study Japanese.In addition to/Besides French，he also has to study Japanese. (1)make sense of弄懂的意思；理解make no sense没道理；没意义(2)in a sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上in no sense决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)Theres no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。(1)See，y

30、our computer has broken down again！It doesnt make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.瞧！你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省一点钱买最便宜牌子的电脑是不明智的。(2)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make any sense of them at all.这篇文章有那么多生词，我几乎无法理解它们的意义。(3)In no sense do I agree with this suggestion.我决不同意这条建议。 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。(1)neither.nor.既不也不，在句中连接两个相同的成分。当连接两个名词/代词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。(2)有类似用法的还有：either.or.或者或者，not.but.不是而是，not only.but also.不但而且等