英语当中的时态.docx

1、英语当中的时态一般现在时一、一般现在时用法、定义详细讲解1、表示习惯的、永久性的或反复发生的动作（常用often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，every week，on sundays， weekly，等状语连用）例句： She always takes a walk in the evening.她常在晚间散步。2、表示特征、能力或现时的情况或状态例句：He loves music.他喜欢音乐。 They dont speak French here.这里不说法语。People enjoy reading about the rich and

2、 famous.人们喜欢阅读有关富人和名人的书。3、表示普遍真理、事实，也用在格言中例句：The earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。Spring follows winter.冬天过后就是春天。A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.一鸟在手胜似二鸟在林。4、在由when，if， as soon as，the minute，in case， till，until，unless，so long as，where，whatever，wherever等引导的表示时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，即：主将

3、从现。例句：Ill tell her when she comes tomorrow.她明天来的时候我会告诉她的。二句子结构1、当句子表状态说明主语是什么或怎么样时，其句型：主+be动词（am, is, are）+表语，即：主语+系动词+表语。否：主语+系动词+not+表语。一般疑问句：系动词+主语+表语？e.g. The twin sisters are from America. 这对孪生姐妹是美国人。 The twin sisters are not from America. Are the twins from America? 2、当谓语由实义动词充当，而不需要be动词时，则用主语

4、+谓语+宾语+其他。结构：主语+动词原形/动词s形（do/does）+其它 否定式为：主语+dont/doesnt+动词原形+其它 疑问句为：Do/does+主语+动词原形+其它？ e.g. We speak Chinese. Eg: My mom cooks for me every day.Do you speak Chinese? My mom doesnt cook for me every day We dont speak Chinese. Does your mom cook for me every day?三：单三变化规则。情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/

5、 浊辅音和元音后读/z/swim-swims；help-helps；like-likes以辅音字母+o结尾的词加 -es读/z/goes,does以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -es读/iz/watches,washes以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es读/z/study-studies 不规则变化have和be动词变have 为 has变be为am,is,arehave-has be-am,is,are四时间状语。always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,from time to time,

6、twice a week, once a month, hardly ever,never.五练习1.I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问、_-_2.Su Yang is a student in No 1 middle school. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问:_3.Mingming usually waters the flowers every day 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问_六常见考法及误区1) 在时间或条件状语从句中一般现在时可以表示将来 Ill go to see him whe

7、n I have time. 我有时间就去看他。 Well have to stay here if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨我们就只好留在这儿。 (2) 在 make sure(弄清楚)，make certain(弄清楚)，be careful(注意，当心)，mind(注意)，等后的 that 从句中通常也要用一般现在时表示将来意义 Make sure you come back soon. 你要保证快点回来。 Be careful that you dont hurt her feelings. 当心别伤了她的感情。 (3) 在 I hope 后的宾语从句中可用一

8、般现在时表示将来意义，也可直接用将来时态 I hope that you like will like it. 我希望你会喜欢它。现在进行时态一功能。 1 、表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。 e.g. Listen, someone is crying. What are you doing these days? 2 、代替一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态而含有某种感情色彩,常与always 连用。 e.g. How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉怎样？ （显得亲切） He is doing well in his lessons. 他的功课很好。（赞扬） My fa

9、ther is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丢车钥匙。(不满) 3、动词 go, come, leave, arrive 等表将要发生的动作时。 e.g. They are leaving for Shanghai. 他们即将前往上海。 与这种时态连用的时间状语常有now, these days, recently, this week 等。 特征现在进行时的判定方法 1.若句首用了提示词listen或look 则其后的句子常用现在进行时。例如： Listen! Who is singing in the classroom? Look! Someone is

10、 picking the flowers. 2.当句首或句末用了副词now时 此句子常用现在进行时。例如：Now the students are writing the new words. We are having an English class now. 注意并非有now的句子就一定用现在进行时。如Mom, can I play computer games now? 3.根据具体的语境判定用现在进行时。例如： Dont talk. Your brother is doing his homework. 二、动词加ing的变化规则 1、一般情况下，直接加ing 如：cook-cook

11、ing clean-cleaning fly-flying walk-walking jump-jumping 2、以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing 如：make-making, taste-tasting , write-writing, take-taking, have-having, 3、如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母、双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing。如：run-running stop-stopping swim-swimming put-putting 三、构成肯定句 主语+am/is/are + 动词ing 否定句 主语+am/is/are + 动词ing 一般疑问句 Am/

12、Is/Are + 主语+动词ing 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词ing? e.g. 肯定句 Mary is reading English books under the tree . 否定句 Mary isnt reading English books under the tree. 一般疑问句 Is Mary reading English books under the tree? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. 特殊疑问句 (1) What is Mary reading under the tree ? She is re

13、ading English books under the tree. (2) Who is reading English books under the tree? Mary is reading English books under the tree. (3) Where is Mary reading English books? Mary is reading English books under the tree. 四、根据句子意思 用动词的正确形式填空。 1. The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ (

14、sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look. They _( have) an English lesson . 6. They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 五误区提醒在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作，用现在进行时表示将来时，这类情况常与come来，go去， leave离开， arrive到达， start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态，主语必须是人。典型例题：They are (le

15、aving )for New York tomorrow.一般将来时详解含义：一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的将要发生动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来），in+一段时间等连用。一、基本结构及用法1、will / shall + 动词原形这种方法一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。will用于各种人称will 常简略为 ll，并与主语连写在一起，如：Ill，hell，;shall只用于第一人称，在肯定句或否

16、定句中表示将要或不会发生的事情或动作，在疑问句中可以表示建议或征求对方意见。变否定句在will / shall后加not，缩略形式为 wont；变疑问句把will / shall提到主语前。例如 : I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我将去拜访他。What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我们几点去那儿?2、be going to 动词原形 （否定句、疑问句的变化体现在be动词上）1）表示计划、打算、准备做的事。例如：We are going to put up a building here.我们打算

17、在这里盖一座楼。How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过？2)表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如：I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。3、 用现在进行时表示表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），可用现在进行时表示将来时。如: Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。常见考法对于一般将来时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用一般将来时，以及如何正确使用。典型

18、例题1：He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give解析：从 on her next birthday“在她下一个生日”可以看出本句说的是未来的事，该用一般将来时，排除A和B；而will后应该加动词原形 ，所以排除C；is going to give恰好是一般将来时的正确使用。答案：D误区提醒There be结构的一般将来时，是我们容易失分的地方，我们要牢记它的结构：1、There will be2、There is/are going to b

19、e典型例题: There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will have C. is going to be D. is going to have解析：本题考查的就是There be结构的一般将来时。句首有There ，首先要考虑There be结构,排除有have的选项；再根据There be 一般将来时结构判断出正确答案。答案：D中考复习系列 一般将来时练习题:( ) 1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going toB. will goin

20、g to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2.He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 3.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. wasB. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 4._ you _ free tomorrow? No.

21、 I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 5. Where is the morning paper? I _ it for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 6._ a concert next Saturday? A. There will beB. Will there

22、 be C. There can be D. There are( ) 7. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 8. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has writte C. will write D. wrote( ) 9. He _ in three days. A. coming backB. came back C. will come backD. is going to coming back( )

23、 10. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 11. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall beB. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be( )12. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are havingB. are going to have C. will ha

24、ving D. is going to have( ) 13. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; beD. Are; be( ) 14. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? _ （好的）. A. Yes, pleaseB. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you wont.( ) 15. It _ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is going to C

25、. will beD. will is( ) 16. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _. A. will comingB. be going to come C. come D. am coming一般过去时复习学案一、基础知识（一）用法一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下几个方面来理解：1）_ e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）_ e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. 3）_ e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer. （二）结构：主语+动词的过去式。1.含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. 否定句：I born i