高考英语 选修八 Unit 2.docx

1、高考英语 选修八 Unit 2选修8Unit 2Cloning要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考重点单词1differ vi.不同；相异different adj.不同的difference n不同，差异2twin n双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 adj.成对的；成双的3straightforward adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的4undertake vt.着手；从事；承担undertook(过去式)undertaken(过去分词) 5breakthrough n突破6cast vt.扔；投；掷cast/cast(过去式/过去分词)7object vi.反对；不赞成objection n不赞成；反对

2、；异议objective adj.真实的；客观的；无偏见的8obtain vt.获得；赢得9attain vt.获得；达到(水平、年龄、状况等)10forbid vt.禁止；不准forbade(过去式)forbidden (过去分词)11accumulate vt.积累；聚积12owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于13retire vi.退休；离开retirement n退休14bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰15strike vi. & vt.打；撞击；罢工struck/struck (过去式/过去分词)16vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的17resist vt.抵

3、抗；对抗resistance n抵抗；对抗resistant adj.18drawback n缺点；不利条件19feather n. 羽毛20adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱重点短语1pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清2cast down 沮丧；不愉快3object to 反对4in favour of 赞成；支持5owe.to. 把归功于6(be)bound to(to). 一定或注定(做)7strike.into ones heart 使刻骨铭心8from time to time 不时；偶尔9bring back to life 使复生；使复活10in vain 白费力气；枉费心

4、机11in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏12have a great impact on 对有很大影响.词汇短语过关1differ vi. _ adj. _ n. _不同于_在方面不同_与某人关于意见不同_2undertake vt._undertake a task/project _答应做某事_3cast vt.&vi. (_, _) _cast aside _cast away _cast behind _使沮丧/不愉快_丢弃_渔民们一到捕鱼区就把渔网撒进了大海。4object vi. _n. _n. _反对，不赞成某人/某事_反对做某事_反对某人做

5、某事_raise an objection to (doing) sth. _have/make an objection to (doing) sth. _object to /oppose / be opposed to / be against sth./doing _support / be for / be in favour of / be behind sth./doing _5forbid vt. (_/ _, _) _禁止某人做某事_禁止做某事_forbid that. _(从句中常用“should动词原形”)forbid sb. sth. _类似动词还有：_ _ _提示：f

6、orbid 后不能直接跟动词不定式做宾语，而是跟动名词做宾语，也可用 forbid sb. to do sth. 形式，有类似用法的单词还有 allow, permit, advise 等。7owe vt._; _(1)欠某人某物_或_把归功于_owe it to sb. that._(2)owing to_“_”，后接名词代词、动名词做宾语，构成介词短语，表原因。表示“由于”介词：owing to/ because / account of/ a result of/ a consequence of/due 8bother vt._vi. _n. _bother with/about st

7、h. _)bother sb. about/with sth. _It bothers sb. that./to do sth. _bother to do/doing sth. _9strike vt. & vi._; _; _; _ _; _; _ _be struck with(by)_；_It strikes me that._；_划火柴_strike into ones heart _An idea struck (occur to) me. _举行罢工_实行罢工_3. strike/hit/beat/knock这四个词均有“打”的意思。(1)strike 通常表示“打一下、打若干下

8、”，不一定都是有意的；还有“打动，使着迷，某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义；也可指“打、擦出(火)，(蛇、兽)抓、咬，(钟)敲响”。 (2)hit 指“打中”“对准来打”“敲打或打击对方的某一点”，还可用来表示传染病或自然灾害“袭击”某一地区，而其他动词一般不这样用。作“被想起”讲时，与 strike 同义。(3)beat 侧重“连续地打击”，如殴打或体罚；也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方；也指“心跳”。(4)knock 侧重于“敲打，叩击”，常用做不及物动词，通常与 at 连用。10resist v. _; _; _; _n. _抵制、阻挡某事_反对做某事_忍不住做某事_11pay off

9、_ _ _付钱买_买_还钱，报复_付清欠款_12in favour of 赞成；支持_in favour 赞同；流行；得宠_in favour with sb. 受某人支持_in sb.s favour 对某人有利_out of favour 失宠；不流行do sb. a favourdo a favour for sb. 帮某人忙_do sb. the favour to do sth. 帮某人做_owe sb. a favour 欠某人情_13be bound to _; _bound adj. _14in good/bad condition _/_be in good conditio

10、n(be in a good state)_(人)身体不适；(物)保养得不好_工作/生活条件_在困难的条件下_(相当于so long as或if)只要_在这种/那种条件下_在有利的形势下_. Phrases in the text 1.大量的供商用的植物 2. 这是一项很难完成的任务 3.克隆哺乳动物的多次尝试都失败了。 4.科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报 5.多莉看来是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。 6.研究克隆的科学家很沮丧 7.引起了一阵强烈的反对 8.对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了巨大的影响 9.打开了人们的眼界，看到了有可能 10.实现某人的野心 11.提出了道德方面的问题 12.改

11、革司法制度 13.明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究 14. 收集证据 15.科学察们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类，以及克隆技术将把我们引向何处困惑。.重点句型详解1Then_came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了令人烦恼的消息多莉得了重病。 (1)_，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首时，_。_.看，公共汽车来了。_.孩子们冲了出去。_.铃响了。 (2)本句中的new

12、s与that Dolly had become seriously ill是_关系。一个名词或代词后面有时可接一个单词、短语或从句，对前者做进一步的解释，说明它指的是谁或是什么，这就是_。We heard of the news _.我们听说了我们队赢了这一消息。We must face the fact _y.我们必须面对我们已花完了钱这一事实。2Did she die young because she was a clone?因为她是克隆的，所以才早逝了吗？young 为形容词，在句中做_。_ (As he was thirsty and hungry), he went to a fa

13、rmers cottage to ask for something to eat.由于又饥又渴，他来到一家农舍要点吃的。_(Because she was frightened), she asked me to go with her.由于害怕，她要我跟她一起去。_- (When they are ripe), the oranges taste sweet.这些橘子熟了时，味道甜美。Holmes found the man lying on the floor, _ (and he was dead). 福尔摩斯发现那个人躺在地板上，死了。One woman was lying in b

14、ed,_(and she was awake). 有位妇女醒着躺在床上。即境活用2(2008北京)After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _.Ahungry and tiredly Bhungry and tiredChungrily and tiredly Dhungrily and tired答案：B .单项选择1(2010山东潍坊质量监测)_， I thought I would only stay there for a week, but later I changed my mind.AGenerally

15、BInitiallyCExtremely DEventually答案：B解析：考查副词辨析。语意为：最初，我想我只在那里待一周，但后来我改变了主意。generally一般地；initially最初；extremely极其；eventually最后，终于。根据语意可知B项正确。2Hearing the news that he didnt pass the final exam, he became _ at once.Acasted down Bcast downCcast off Dcasted off答案：B解析：cast 的过去式、过去分词都是cast，故排除A、D项。cast down

16、 使沮丧；cast off 解缆放船；抛开。3Money spent on the brain is never spent _.Ain ease Bin angerCin vain Din comfort答案：C解析：句意：智力上的投资决非浪费。in vain意为“徒劳，无效，无益”，合语境。4I need to take more exercise regularly, because Im really _ these days.Ain bad conditions Bout of conditionCon no condition Din bad state答案：B解析：考查固定短语的

17、辨析。in bad condition“情况不好”，此时常用condition的单数；out of condition健康状况不好；on no condition决不。5To our joy, there are so many _ in science and technology all over the world in recent years.Adiscovery BbreakthroughsCfindings Dinvention答案：B解析：discovery “发现”，invention “发明”，都符合句意，但须用复数形式。finding 有两种含义，一是指别人丢掉后的“发现

18、物，拾得物”；二是其复数形式还有一特别含义，指“(委员会等的)调查结果，报告”，不合句意。6Everybody present smiled. Sally spoke English _.Aaloud and clear Bloud and clearCloudly and clear Dloud and clearly答案：B解析：speak loud and clear 说话声音响亮而清楚。aloud adv. 大声地，出声地，如 read aloud 朗读；loudly adv. 高声地；喧噪地；clearly 清楚地，明白地，如 speak clearly 说话清楚。7We are b

19、ound _ with difficulties in carrying out this research.Ato meet Bto have metCmeeting Dhaving met答案：A解析：考查 be bound to do sth. “一定会；注定(做)”。8The child is much too young; I object _ him alone at home.Ato leave BleaveCleaving Dto leaving答案：D解析：object to “反对”，其中 to是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词。9The fortystorey buildin

20、g is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have _.Aundergone BovertakenCunderstood Dundertaken答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。undergo 经历，遭受；overtake 赶上，追上，超过； understand 理解，明白；undertake 从事，进行。由题意知，选D。10The result of the football match, _ the surprise of us all, was 2 to 1 _ our favour.Ain; to Bto; toC

21、in; in Dto; in答案：D解析：考查介词搭配。to the surprise of sb. 使某人吃惊的是；in our favour 对我们有利。11I _ suggested you should do it again; there is no need to get annoyed.Amerely BevenCstill Dyet答案：A解析：句意为：我只是建议你应该再做一次；你没有必要烦恼。merely 只是，仅仅；even 甚至；still 仍然；yet 然而。12Although a teenager, Fred could not resist _ what to do and what not to do.Atelling Bto tellCbeing told Dto be told答案：C解析：考查 cant resist doing sth. “不能忍受”，且句中表被动意义，用 being told “被告知”。13Though we take a great risk of investing in the project, yet it will _ in th