陕西省高考英语二轮复习 题型技法指导专题五 阅读理解.docx

1、陕西省高考英语二轮复习 题型技法指导专题五 阅读理解2013年高考第二轮复习英语陕西版题型技法指导专题五阅读理解真题试做A（2012陕西高考，A）What brings a nation together？Of the four choicesshared values，language，history，and religion，its shared values.In our latest poll（民意调查），seven out of 16 countries chose values as the greatest factor（因素）bringing a nation together

2、，and six preferred language.Both choices scored high in the poll，suggesting that our values and how we express them are closely linked.Still，history was not forgotten in some countries，particularly in Mexico and Russia.Even Canada and the United States chose national histories as the secondmost impo

3、rtant factor uniting their people.The biggest surprise？Not one country picked religion as its top choice.Respect your eldersIn most countries，the oldest generation considered values more important to a nation than did those who are under 45 years old.Do you speak Canadian?Language scored lower in Ca

4、nada than in all other countries polled，perhaps because the country speaks two official languages，French and English.Church and stateMost people polled do not connect their religious beliefs to their national pride.Religion ranked last in 13 countrieswith France scoring it at 1%，the lowest of all.1A

5、ccording to the poll，what was the most important factor in bringing a nation together?ALanguage.BValues.CHistory. DReligion.2In which country did language score the lowest in their national pride?ACanada. BMexico.CFrance. DAmerica.3According to the charts，shared values and language were considered e

6、qually important in _.AAustralia BBrazilCChina DIndiaB（2012陕西高考，B）Three Boys and a DadBrad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother.Expecting a whole day to relax，he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months.“This

7、 will be like a walk in the park，”hed told his wife.“Ill look after the kids，and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well，but just after eight oclock，his three little“good kids”Mike，Randy，and Alexcame down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted“breakfast，daddy.”When food had not appeare

8、d within thirty seconds，Randy began using his spoon on Alexs head as if it were a drum.Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat（节拍）Mike chanted“Wheres my toast，wheres my toast”in the background.Brad realised his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast

9、.Mike wore Randys underwear on his head.Randy locked himself in the bathroom，while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants.Nobody could find clean socks，although they were before their very eyes.Someone named“Not Me”had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean

10、clothes.Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten oclock，things were out of control.Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter.Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.Randy，thankfully，appeared to be reading q

11、uietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands.Brad realised that the talk show was over and reading would be impossible.At exactly 11：17，Brad called the daycare centre（日托所）“I suddenly have to go into work and my wifes awa

12、y.Can I bring the boys over in a few minutes？”The answer was obviously “yes”because Brad was smiling.4When his wife left home，Brad expected to _.Ago out for a walk in the parkBwatch TV talk show with his childrenCenjoy his first day off workDread the newspaper to his children5Which of the following

13、did Randy do?ADrawing on the wall.BEating apple jam.CFeeding the fish.DReading in a room.6Why did Brad ask the daycare centre for help?ABecause he wanted to clean up his house.BBecause he suddenly had to go to his office.CBecause he found it hard to manage his boys.DBecause he had to take his wife b

14、ack home.7This text is developed _.Aby space Bby comparisonCby process Dby timeC（2012陕西高考，C）Eating too much fatty food，exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease.But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately：the air you breathe.Pre

15、vious studies have linked high exposure（暴露）to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems，but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke（中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure.In one review of the research，scientists found that people

16、 exposed to high levels of pollutants（污染物）were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure.A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the US.Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）considers to be of“moderate”（良好）quality and rel

17、atively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure.However，

18、it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.8The text mainly discusses

19、 the relationship between _.Aheart problems and air qualityBheart problems and exercisingCheart problems and smokingDheart problems and fatty food9The underlined word“modest”in Paragraph 3 most probably means _.Arelatively high Bextremely lowCrelatively low Dextremely high10What can we learn from th

20、e text?AEating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.BThe EPA conducted many studies on air quality.CModerate air quality is more harmful than smoking.DStricter regulations on pollutants should be made.11The authors purpose of writing the text is most likely to _.Ainform BpersuadeCdescribe

21、DentertainD（2012陕西高考，D）Spring is coming，and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs.Competition is tough，so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices.Whatever we are wearing，our family and friends may accept us，but the workplace may not.A high school newspaper editor

22、 said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos（纹身）nose rings，or certain dress styles.It is true you cant judge a book by its cover，yet people do“cover”themselves in order to convey（传递）certain messages.What we wear，including tattoos and nose rings，is an expression of who we are.Just a

23、s people convey messages about themselves with their appearances，so do companies.Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons，but the main concern is often about what customers accept.Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom，but for businesses it is more abo

24、ut whether to make or lose money.Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees（雇员），because those people represent the companies to their customers.As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers.There are plenty of wel

25、lqualified candidates，so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers.Even though I am openminded，I cant expect all our customers are.There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer.No company should have to change to

26、 satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards，as long as its standards are legal.12Which of the following is the newspaper editors opinion according to Paragraph 2?APeoples appearances carry messages about themselves.BCustomers choices influence dress standards

27、in companies.CCandidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated.DStrange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace.13What can be inferred from the text?ACandidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview.BWhat to wear is not a matter of personal choice for compa

28、nies.CCompanies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates.DHiring managers make the best impression on their candidates.14Which of the following would be the best title for the text?AEmployees MatterBPersonal Choices MatterCAppearances MatterDHiring Managers Matter15The authors attitude t

29、owards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described as _.Aenthusiastic BnegativeCpositive Dsympathetic考向分析分析近几年高考试题，可以发现阅读理解题呈现如下特点：1选材真实，题材、体裁多样 材料大多为时文，与社会日常生活息息相关，情景真实、明确，具有浓厚的时代气息。这种关注实际生活的选材特点已呈现出明显的增强趋势。题材多样化，信息丰富，包括日常生活、科普、社会、文化、政治、经济、新闻、史地、人物传记等等；体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等。20112012年

30、高考陕西卷阅读理解文体与题材统计：2010文体应用文报道记叙文议论文题材人脑疑问纽约救落水儿童生活在1900年的房子的感受电子垃圾信息2011文体广告人物传记记叙文议论文题材介绍订票及优惠情况居里夫的大女儿Irene梦想和努力转基因2012文体广告记叙文说明文议论文题材民族凝聚力因素调查父亲与三个孩子呼吸空气对人健康的影响着装问题2阅读量大、信息丰富考查阅读能力的一个重要方面是阅读速度，较大的阅读量和信息量对考生的阅读技能是一种有效的检测方法。近几年高考试题都保持了较大的词汇量，所涉及的内容广泛而深刻，对于词汇能力的考查也继续保持了较高的要求，为考生提供了施展阅读才能的机会和十分开阔的思维空间

31、。3语篇结构复杂 阅读材料在保留了其原有的语言风格基础上，加大了语篇结构的难度。作者在阐述问题时使用了多种语篇的手段和修辞方法，文章的展开不全是平铺直叙，而是间有倒叙、插叙等多种方式。行文的跳跃程度较大，陈述次序富于变化，隐含信息较多，再加上阅读材料的文化含量加大，文章的遣词造句趋于地道，因此，许多文段读起来感到“生涩”，有时读懂了文字，但不一定能够立刻领悟语篇的意思，常常要反复阅读几次才能读懂。 4语言难度较大 具体表现在语句的长度、措辞的灵活性、一定量的生词以及替代和省略手段的运用上。 简单句、复合句、虚拟语气、结构复杂的长句、倒装句、省略句以及插入语等语言现象随处可见，而且多种时态混用。词汇运用要求更高，活用词比比皆是，一词多义、熟词生义现象更是频繁出现。 5题型设置合理 设题手法更加灵活，设题方式呈多样化的趋势，不仅考查对文中特定信息的理解和把握，还涉及文章的主旨要义、作者的态度意图等深层理解题。20112012年陕西阅读理解题型以细节理解题和推理判断题为主。总的来说，2012年高考阅读理解试题维系了以往一贯的命题风格，难度也和以往保持一致，生词数量控制合理。文章在选材上继续保持知识性和趣味性相结合，信息量大，题材与体裁广泛的特点。答题步骤1快速浏