上海秋季英语高一第20讲期末复习与测试uWBqu.docx

1、上海秋季英语高一第20讲期末复习与测试uWBqu精锐教育1对3辅导讲义学员姓名： 学科教师：年 级：高一 辅导科目：英语授课日期时间主题第20讲期末复习与测试学习目标1. 熟练掌握高中英语情态动词的用法；2. 能灵活选用定语从句关系词，并会翻译定从相关的句子；教学内容1、 上次课后巩固作业复习；2、 互动探索Part onePart TwoShe is the one that you never forgetShe is the heaven-sent angel you metOh, she must be the reason why God made a girlShe is so p

2、retty all over the world She is so pretty all over the world 情态动词【知识梳理1】一、情态动词复习情态动词用法否定式疑问式简答式can能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）can not / cannot /cant doCando?Yes,can.No,cant.couldcouldnt domay可以（问句中表示请求）可能，或许（表推测）祝愿（用于倒装句中）may not do Maydo?Yes,may. No,mustnt/cant.mightmight not doMight

3、do?Yes,mightNo,might not.must必须，应该（表主观要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）must not/mustnt doMustdo? Yes,must.No,neednt/dont havehave to只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态和人称的变化）dont have to doDohave to do?Yes,do. No,dont.ought to应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should）ought not to/oughtnt to doOughtto do?Yes,ought. No,oughtnt.shall用于一三人称征求对方意见用于二三人称表示许诺、

4、命令、警告、威胁等shall not/shant doShalldo?Yes,shall. No,shant.should应当，应该（表义务责任）本该（含有责备意味）should not/shouldnt doShoulddo?will意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉will not/wont doWill/Woulddo?Yes,will. No,wont.wouldwould not/wouldnt dodare敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）dare not/darent doDaredo?Yes,dare.No,darent.need需要，必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）n

5、eed not/neednt doNeeddo?Yes,must. No,neednt.used to过去常常（现在已不再）used not/usednt/usent to dodidnt use to doUsedto do?Diduse to do?Yes,used. No,use(d)nt. Yes,did. No,didnt.【例题精讲】例1.“Mike is often absent from class.” “Tell him he _ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.” A. shall B. willC. would

6、 D. can【参考答案】A【思路解析】shall 用作情态动词主要有以下两个用法：1）用于疑问句中征求意见。如： Shall I help you？要不要我帮帮你？ Shall I open the window？要我把窗子打开吗？2）用于陈述句中表示允诺、告诫、警告、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等（可用于各类人称）。如： You shall suffer for this. 你会为此事吃苦头的。（表威胁） Each competitor shall wear a number. 每个参赛者要戴一个号码。（表规定） You shall hear everything as soon as you

7、 come. 你一来就可听到所有情况了。（表允诺）例2.You _ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important. A. cannot B. shouldntC. mustnt D. neednt【参考答案】A【思路解析】 cannottoo是英语中一个十分有用的表达，意为“不可能太，无论怎样也不算过分，越越”。如： You cant be too careful. 你越仔细越好。 You cant praise the book too much. 这本书值得大加赞扬。 We cannot work t

8、oo much for the people. 我们为人民做工作是不可能做过头的。 A woman cannot have too many clothes. 女人买的衣服再多也不算多。注意：有时也可用 can never, impossible 等与too连用来表示类似意思。如：It is impossible to get there too soon. 去那儿越早越好。例3. “Is John coming by train?” “He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.” A. must B. canC. need D. ma

9、y【参考答案】D【思路解析】may 表推测，may not 意为“可能不（会坐火车来）”。句中的 He should 为 He shouldcome by train 之省略，由于其后出现转折连词 but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的 He likes driving his car，便可决定此题选D.注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。例4. “I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.” “It _ true because there was little snow there.” A. may not

10、 be B. wont beC. couldnt be D. mustnt be【参考答案】C【思路解析】此题最佳答案为C，主要由下文的 because there was little snow there 这一语境所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选 couldnt be，即选C.例5.You _ be right, but I dont think you are. A. can B. could C. must D. should【参考答案】B【思路解析】从语境上看，C、D不宜选，在剩下的A和B中，许多同学想当然地选了A，认为整个句子为现在时态，所以选can

11、，而不选过去式 could，但是最佳答案却是B而不是A.按照英语语法，情态动词can 用于推测表示可能性时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句中，而不用于肯定句中；但 could 用于表推测时，却不仅可用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句，且此时的 could 并不是 can 的过去式，与 can 也没有时间上的差别，只是 could 比 can语气更委婉，所以答案选B.【巩固练习】1. prosperous and strong!A. Let your country become B. Hope your country becomeC. May your country become D. You

12、country it becoming2. Peter come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. must B. may C. can D. will3. Ann, I have some more cake?Certainly,help yourself.A. need B. must C. will D. may4. Excuse me, I ask you a question?Yes, please.A. must B. need C. may D. would5. Since she is angry, we her alo

13、ne.A. had better leaving B. should leaveC. might as well leave D. had rather leave【知识梳理2】must have done表示主观上对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必，准是，一定做了某事”; may/might have done表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“很有可能”；canhave donecannot have done1) could have done 用于对过去可能性的推断，意为“可能”，在肯定句中，指“某事可能是事实或可能会发生”；用于疑问句或否定句，表示对过去情况的怀疑、否定或惊讶；2

14、）could have done 意为“本来可以；差点就要”，指“某事可能发生但实际上未发生”常用于虚拟语气，表示惋惜、遗憾等；might have done表示“本来可能，但实际上没有发生的事情”。另外，还可以表示“本来应该或可以做某事”之意，含有轻微的责备语气。should/ought to have done1) 用于肯定句时，表示本该做某事，而实际上未做；用于否定句时，则表示不该做的事反而做了; 2) 用于对过去的推断，说话人认为“按理应当、理应如此”，说话人不能肯定，只是试探性地得出结论，语气婉转；3) 对已发生的事表示“惊奇、失望、愤怒”等情绪。neednt have done表示

15、做了本来不必去做的事。注意：didnt need to do表示“没必要做而实际上也没有做某事”will/would have done用于推测过去，意为“想必、可以肯定”，指“说话人确信某事已发生，但并不确知”，并用于二、三人称：1）如果以现在为时间点，可以用“will have done”；2）如果以过去为时间点，只能用“would have done”；3）will have done也用于推测将来某个时间前已经完成。【例题精讲】例1. “Do you think he is lazy?” “I _ so once, but I dont now.” A. may have though

16、t B. can have thoughtC. may think D. might think【参考答案】A【思路解析】从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测不用于肯定句，故选A.例2. Their answers are exactly the same one of them _ from the other. A. must copy B. must have copiedC. should copy D. should have copied【参考答案】B【思路解析】既然两人的答案完全一样，说明“抄

17、袭”已经发生，故用“情态动词+动词完成式”，根据句意，应选B而不能选D.例3.There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.It_a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 【参考答案】D【思路解析】A、B是对现在情况而言，与情景不合。表否定推测不能说mustnt have been,只有D选项“不可能是”意思切合，时态也对，故为正确答案。例4.I

18、cant find my purse anywhere. -You _ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would【参考答案】A【思路解析】句意：-我到处找不到我的钱包。 -你可能在购物的时候弄丢了。根据句意首先排除C、D两项；can表示实际的可能性时，只能用于否定句、疑问句，故B被排除；A项表示推测时常用于肯定句。【巩固练习】1. Where is my pen? I it.A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost

19、2. The house is dark and quiet, so the Browns have gone to bed.A. must B. should C. ought D. would3. Must we do it now?No, you .A. neednt B. mustnt C. wont D. shouldnt4. Must we take a bus?No, you . You can walk from here.A. must not B. dont must C. dont have to D. had better not to5. May I stop wor

20、king a little earlier tonight?No, you .A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. dont定语从句【知识梳理1】定语从句的基本概念定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略

21、，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (th

22、at) I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met

23、there.可用on whichwhere地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因状语I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for which【例题精讲】例1.There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.A. where B. which C. when D. that解析：答案为A。本题考地点状语从句，用where引导。句意是“她的裤子上她擦过手的地方有脏痕”。此

24、处不能用时间状语从句，排除C，本题易被误认为考定语从句，意为“在她擦过手的裤子上有脏痕”。定语从句修饰trousers，也只能用where。B和D可引导定语从句，但只作主、宾等成分。定语从句缺少状语，不缺主语、宾语，故不可用。【巩固练习】1. Is this the book you wanted to borrow last time? Which of the following is wrong?A. which B. that C. the one D. /2. Is this the calculator you borrowed from Jane?A. one B. the on

25、e what C. the one D. which3. Can you tell me the name of the museum you visited last month?A. what B. where C. / D. when4. The two things they felt very proud were their house and the diamond ring.A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for that5. They showed us around the factory was equipped wit

26、h modern machines.A. where B. what C. in which D. which6. Have you ever asked him the reason may explain his absence?A. why B. when C. that D. what7. This is the TV station we visited last year.A. where B. that C. to which D. in which8. Are you pleased with I have said?A. that B. all that C. all wha

27、t D. all which【知识梳理2】that与which, who, whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。2 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时3 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4 先行词既指人又指物时5 先行词被the only, the very修饰时6 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时1.He told me everything that he

28、 knows.2.All the books that you offered has been given out.3.This is the best film that I have ever read.4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.He is the only man that I want to see.6.Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情况1 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/who

29、m指人2 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.【巩固练习】1. American women usually identify their best friend as someonethey can talk frequently.A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom2. My glassesI was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A. which B. with which C. withou