1、材料成型工艺基础部分中英文词汇对照0 绪论 金属材料: metal material (MR)高分子材料: high-molecular material1铸造铸件: foundry goods (casting ) 机器零件: machine part毛坯: blank力学性能: mechanical property砂型铸造: sand casting process型砂: foundry sand铸件成形理论基础 合金: alloy铸造性能: casting property工艺性能: processing property收缩性:constringency偏析性:aliquation氧
2、化性:oxidizability铸件结构: casting structure使用性能: service performance浇不足: misrun流动性: flowing power铸型: cast (foundry mold)蓄热系数: thermal storage capacity浇注: pouring凝固: freezing收缩性: constringency逐层凝固: layer-by-layer freezing糊状凝固: mushy freezing结晶: crystal缩孔: shrinkage void缩松: shrinkage porosity顺序凝固: progres
3、sive solidification冷铁: iron chill补缩: feeding等温线法: constant temperature line method内接圆法: inscribed circle method铸造应力: casting stress变形: deforming裂纹: crack机械应力: mechanical stress热应力: heat stress相变应力: transformation stress气孔: blow hole铸铁: ingot铸钢: cast steel非铁合金: nonferrous alloy灰铸铁: gray cast-iorn孕育处理
4、:inoculation球墨铸铁:spheroidal球化处理:sheroidisation可锻铸铁:ductile cast iron石墨: graphite蠕墨铸铁: vermicular cast iron热处理: heat processing铝合金: Al-alloy铜合金: copper alloy氢脆: hydrogen brittleness铸造方法 ( casting method ) 手工造型: hand moulding机器造型: machine moulding金属型: metal mold casting金属模: permanent mould压力铸造: press
5、casting熔模铸造: investment moulding蜡膜: cere离心铸造: centrifugal casting低压铸造: casting under low pressure差压铸造: counter-pressure casting陶瓷型铸造: shaw process铸造工艺设计 浇注位置: pouring position分型面: mould joint活块: loose piece起模: patter drawing型芯: core型芯撑: chaplet工艺参数: processing parameter下芯: core setting合型: mould asse
6、mbly冒口: casting head尺寸公差: dimensional tolerance尺寸公差带: tolerance zone机械加工余量: machining allowance铸孔: core hole起模斜度: pattern draft铸造圆角: curving of castings芯头: core register芯头间隙: clearance芯座: core print seat分型线: joint line分模线: die parting line铸造结构工艺性 加强筋: rib reinforcement撒砂: stuccoing内腔: entocoele2金属塑性
7、加工3塑性加工: plastic working细化晶粒: grain refinement热锻: hit-forging温锻: warm forging金属塑性加工理论基础 塑性变形: plastic yield加工硬化: work-hardening韧性: ductility回复温度: return temperature再结晶: recrystallize再结晶退火: full annealing冷变形: cold deformation热变性: heat denaturation锻造比: forging ratio镦粗: upset拔长: pull out纤维组织: fibrous t
8、issue锻造性能: forging property可锻性: forgeability变形抗力: resistance of deformation化学成分: chemical constitution热脆性: hot brittleness冷脆性: cold-shortness过热: overheating过烧: burning脱碳: carbon elimination始锻温度: initiation forging temperature终锻温度: final forging temperature金属塑性加工方法 自由锻: flat-die hammer冲孔: jetting弯曲:
9、bend弯曲半径: bending radius切割: cut扭转: twist rotation错移: offsetting锻接: percussion基本工序: basic process辅助工序: auxiliary process精整工序: finishing process模锻: contour forging锻模: forging die胎膜锻: fetal membrane forging剪床: shearing machine冲床: backing-out punch冲裁: blanking最小弯曲半径: minimum bending radius辗压: tamping dr
10、um挤压: extruding拉拔: draft塑性加工工艺设计 工艺规程: process specification锻件图: forging drawing敷料: dressing锻件余量: forging allowance锻件公差: forging tolerance工夹具: clamping apparatus分模面: die parting face冲孔连皮: punching the wad模锻斜度: draft angle圆角半径: radius of corner圆饼类锻件: circumcresent cake-like forging长轴类锻件: long axis-li
11、ke forging锻件结构工艺性 锥体: cone斜面: cant空间曲线: curve in space粗糙度: degree of roughness冲压件结构工艺性4焊接5焊接理论基础冶金: metallurgy电弧焊: arc welding气焊: acetylene welding电渣焊: electro-slag welding高能束焊: high energy welding电子焊: electronic welding激光焊: laser welding等离子焊: plasma welding电弧: electric arc阳极区: anode region阴极区: nega
12、tive polarity焊缝: welded seam焊缝区: weld zone熔合区: fusion area热影响区: heat-affected zone脆性断裂: brittle fracture过热区: overheated zone正火区: normalized zone相变区: phase change zone焊接应力: welding stress收缩变形: contraction distortion角变形: angular deformation反变形法:reversible deformation method刚性固定法: rigid fixing method预热
13、: warming-up缓冷: slow cool焊后热处理: postweld heat treatment矫形处理: shape-righting焊接方法 埋弧焊: hidden arc welding气体保护焊: gas shielded arc welding氩弧焊: argon welding熔化极氩弧焊: consumable electrode argon welding钨极氩弧焊: argon tungsten-arc welding二氧化碳气体保护焊: CO2 gas shielded arc welding碳弧焊: carbon arc welding碳弧气刨: carbo
14、n arc air gouging电渣焊: electro-slag welding高能焊: high grade energy welding等离子弧切割: plasma arc cutting (PAC)堆焊: bead weld电阻焊: resistance welding电焊: electric welding缝焊: seam welding压焊: press welding多点凸焊: multiple projection welding对焊: welding neck摩擦焊: friction welding扩散焊: diffusion welding硬钎料: brazing al
15、loy软钎料: soft solder常用金属材料的焊接 焊接性: weldability焊接方法: welding method焊接材料: welding material焊条: electrode焊剂: flux material碳素钢:carbon steel低碳钢:low carbon steel中碳钢:medium carbon steel高碳钢:high carbon steel低合金钢: lean alloy steel不锈钢: non-corrosive steel有色金属: nonferrous metal焊接工艺设计 型材: sectional bar药皮: coating
16、焊丝: soldering wire连续焊缝: continuous weld断续焊缝: intermittent weld应力集中: stress concentration焊接接头: soldered joint6粉末冶金( power metallurgy ) 粉末冶金成品: finished power metallurgical product铁氧体: ferrite硬质合金: sintered-carbide高熔点金属: high-melting metal陶瓷: ceramic粉末冶金工艺理论基础压坯:pressed compact扩散:diffusion烧结:agglomera
17、tion固溶:solid solubility化合:combination粉末冶金的工艺流程制备: preparation预处理: anticipation还原法: reduction method电解法: electrolytic method雾化法: atomization粒度: grain size松装密度: loose density流动性: flowing power压缩性: compressibility筛分:screen separation混合:compounding制粒:pelletization过烧:superburning欠烧:underburnt7金属复合成型技术 自蔓
18、延焊接: SHS welding热等静压: HIP准热等静压: PHIP液态成型技术与固态成型技术的复合 高压铸造: high-pressure casting电磁泵: magnetic-pump压射成型: injection molding柱塞: plunger piston冲头: drift pin金属半凝固、半熔融成型技术 凝固: freezing半熔融: semi-vitreous触变铸造: thixotropy casting触变锻造: thixotropy forging注射成型: injection molding其他金属成型新技术 快速凝固: flash set非晶态: amo
19、rphous溢流法: press over system喷射沉积: ejecting deposit爆炸复合法: explosion cladding method扩散焊接: diffusion welding挤压: extruding轧制: roll down高分子材料成型技术高分子材料: non-metal material耐腐蚀: resistant material绝缘: insulation老化: ageing耐热性: heat-durability粘弹性: viscoelasticity塑料: plastic material橡胶: rubber合成纤维: synthetic fi
20、bre涂料: covering material粘结剂: agglomerant粘度: viscosity热塑性塑料: thermoplastic plastics热固性塑料: thermosetting plastic通用塑料: general-purpose plastics工程塑料: engineering plastic薄膜: thin film模压塑料: die pressing plastics聚合物: ploymer semiconductor吸湿性: hygroscopic cargo定向作用: directional action生胶: green glue stock填料:
21、 carrierCR硅橡胶: Q聚氨酯橡胶: U压延: calender硫化: sulfuration胶粘剂: adhesive胶接: glue joint刹车片: brake block零件修复: parts renewal蜂窝夹层: honeycomb core material干燥: drying坯料: blank润滑剂: anti-friction结合剂: binder热压铸: hot injiection moulding非金属材料成型技术的新进展 热压烧结: hot pressed sintering7 复合材料的成型技术 复合材料: composite material树脂: r
22、esin金属复合材料的成型技术 硼纤维: boron fiber钛合金: titanium alloy碳纤维: carbon filter等离子喷涂: plasma spraying浸渍法: immersion method锭坯: ingot blank聚合物基复合材料的成型技术 晶须: whisker缠绕成形: enwind forming湿法缠绕: wet method enwind料浆: slurry溶胶-凝胶法: sol-gel method化学气相沉积: chemical vapor deposition (CVD)原位: in situ 8 材料成型方法的选择 粉末冶金: powder metallurgy工程塑料: engineering plastics工程陶瓷: engineering ceramics
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