新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册Unit5单词解释及例句.docx

1、新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册Unit5单词解释及例句Unit 5 TEXT ANew wordsmarathon n.C a race that is run over a distance of 42 kilometers or about 26 miles 马拉松（长跑）annual a.happening once a year 一年一度的；每年的The car industry s annual production in this city increased from 5.1 million to 7.2 million v ehicles.这个城市汽车工业的年产量从 510

2、 万辆增加到了 720 万辆。routen. C1a way from one place to another 路线The climbers tried to find a new route to the top of the mountain. 登山者努力寻找一条登上山顶的新路线。2a way of doing sth. or achieving a particular result 途径；方法This software was ve ry popular because it offered a quick and efficient route of getting the des

3、ired task done. 这款软件非常受欢迎，因为它提供了快捷高效的途径来完成预期任务。harsh a.1severe, cruel, or unkind 严厉的；残酷的；苛刻的She has a tender heart; and she is never harsh to anybody. 她心肠很软，对人从不苛刻。2harsh co nditions are very difficult to live in and very uncomfortable 恶劣的；艰苦的；严峻的The harsh weather in that area is unbearable. 那个地区恶劣的

4、气候让人难以忍受。Most people at that time had to face the harsh conditions. 那时候，大部分人都不得不面对艰苦的环境。endurance n.U the ability to contin ue doing sth. difficult or painful over a long period of time （ 忍 ） 耐 力 Women who exercise regularly, especially in endurance activities, typically lose iron. 经常锻炼的女性，尤其是经常进行耐力

5、运动的女性，通常都会流失铁元素。regardless ad.( of) without being affected or influenced by sth. 不管；不顾They are ready to take action regardless of what will happen in the future. 不管将来会发生什么， 他们都准备采取行动了。super prefix(super -) more, better, or bigger than usual 过于；超Nearly all the athletic venues are located in the heart

6、 of the city and connected with its super - efficient public transportation systems. 几乎所有体育场馆都位于市中心，由效率极高的公共交通系统连接。a. (infml)extremely good 极好的；了不起的The basketball player made a super shot in the last minute of the match. 这个篮球运动员在比赛的最后一分钟投入了超漂亮的一球。ad.(infml)extremely 极其；非常Im super t ired. I have to r

7、est right now. 我累极了，我现在得休息一下。contract n.C an official agreement between two or more people, stating what each will do 契约；合同；合约We can t afford to lose this contract because the future of the company depends on it. 我们不能失去这份合同，因为公司的未来全靠它了。I was then under contract to a state basketball team. 当时我签约了一家州篮

8、球队。v.agree to do sth. or make sb. agree to do sth. by a formal written agreement （使）签订合同；（使）立约Apple contracted with a local company to develop its business in this country. 苹果公司与一家本地公司签约以发展其在该国的业务。prominent a.important and well -known 重要的；知名的；显赫的He is only 30 years old, but he has become a prominent

9、 surgeon in this city. 虽然他只有 30 岁，却已经是这座城市有名的外科医生了。sponsor n.C a person or company that pays for a show, broadcast, sports event, etc., esp. in exchange for the right to advertise at that event 赞助者；赞助商The sports equipment company is a major sponsor of the sports meeting. 这家运动器材公司是这次运动会的主要赞助商。vt.give

10、 money to a sports event, theater, institution, etc., esp. in exchange for the right to advertise 赞助；资助We aim to provide a welfare service and raise money to sponsor medical research. 我们的目标是提供福利服务，并筹集资金资助医学研究。finance vt.provide money, esp. a lot of money, to pay for sth. 为提供资金I managed to finance fo

11、ur years of university tuition with sc holarships and part -time jobs. 我设法通过拿奖学金和做兼职来支付大学四年的学费。Whether or not we can finance the project will directly influence its outcome. 我们能否为这个项目筹集到资金将直接影响这个项目的结果。n.1U the management of money by governments, large organizations, etc. 财政；金融The finance industry ch

12、anged in many ways, but most of all in lending for the purchase of homes.金融业在很多方面发生了变化，但最主要的还是在房产购置借贷方面的变化。2(s) pl. the money that an organization or person has, and the way that they manage it （机构或个人的）财务情况She refuses to answer questions about her personal finances. 她拒绝回答有关自己个人财务的问题。furnishvt.1(fml.

13、) supply or provide sth. 提供；供应Many people think they have a responsibility to furnish the children in poor areas with educationfunds. 很多人认为他们有责任给贫困地区的孩子提供教育资助。2put furniture and other t hings into a house or room 为（房屋或房间）配备家具When I rent an apartment, I want it to be furnished. I don t want to buy fu

14、rniture by myself. 我租公寓就要租带家具的公寓，我不想自己去买家具。Tom closed the door behind him and looked around the handsomely furnished living room. 汤姆关上了门，四下打量起这个布置得很漂亮的起居室。substantial a.1large in amount or number 大量的；多的Each winner received a substantial cash prize plus a laptop. 每个获胜者都获得了大笔现金奖励和一台手提电脑。2consisting of

15、 or relating to substance 物质的；材料的With the development of human civilization and the impr ovement of living standards, people now care more about the spiritual life than the substantial life. 随着人类文明的进步和生活水平的提高， 现在人们更加注重精神生活，而不是物质生活。mechanismn. C1a system that is intended to achieve sth. or deal with

16、a problem 机构；结构；机制；体制They are going to establish an effective mechanism of price controls for the unstable market. 他们打算为不稳定的市场建立一个有效的价格控制机制。It is easy to abuse one s power and that s why there should be some kind of supervisionmechanism. 滥用权力很容易发生，这也就是为什么应该有某种监督机制。2part of a machine or a s et of par

17、ts that does a particular job 机械装置；机件；工作部件The new car has a very good braking mechanism. 这辆新车的刹车装置很好。The mechanism of the machine was so complex that it took me a few hours to figure it out. 这台机器的部件非常复杂，我花了几个小时才搞清楚。contest n.C a competition or a situation in which two or more people or groups are co

18、mpeting with eachother 比赛；竞赛Are you going to enter yourself for the contest? 你打算报名参加比赛吗？At the time of the contest, he was considered to be the most promising winner. 在比赛的时候，他被认为是最有希望获胜的选手。pete for sth. or try to win it 竞争；争夺；角逐He won his party s nomination to contest the general election. 他获得了本党提名，

19、角逐大选。The seat was being hotly contested among the politicians. 政客们正在激烈地争夺那个席位。distinction n.1U the quality of being excellent and imp ortant 优秀；卓越；杰出My department has so many people of distinction and talent. 我们系里有很多杰出的、富有才华的人。2C, U a clear difference or separation between two similar things 差别；不同Th

20、ere is a distinction between telling a white lie and a lie. 善意的谎言与谎言之间是有区别的。amateu ra.used about sb. who does sth. because they enjoy it and not as their job 业余爱好者的The contest is open to professional athletes as well as amateur athletes. 这次比赛不仅职业运动员可以参加，业余运动员也可以参加。n.C sb. who does an activity just f

21、or pleasure, not as their job 业余爱好者I admit I m just an amateur, but I really love dancing and I dance every day. 我承认我只是个业余爱好者，但我真的热爱舞蹈，而且我每天都跳舞。odd a.unusual or unexpected in a way that attracts your interest or attention 奇特的；古怪的；异常的I had an odd experience yesterday I ran into a hi gh school classma

22、te twice in different places! 昨天我经历了一件奇怪的事，我在两个不同的地方碰到了我的同一个中学同学！The model is an odd -looking structure of balls and rods. 这个模型是由球和杆组成的奇特的结构。invisible a.sth. that is invisible cannot be seen 看不见的Air is invisible, but we can feel its mo tion when there is a wind. 空气是看不见的，但有风时，我们能感觉到空气在流动。assemble e t

23、ogether as a group, or bring people or things together as a group 聚集；集合；收集The managers will assemble at the meeting this afternoon to discuss solutions. 经理们今天下午将集中开会，讨论解决办法。vt.put a ll the parts of sth. together 组装；装配Robots are commonly used in factories to assemble machines. 工厂里普遍使用机器人组装机器。assem bl

24、eda.brought together into a group or crowd 聚集在一起的They announced to the assembled guests that they were engaged. 他们向聚集在一起的客人们宣布他们订婚了。assert vt.state firmly that sth. is true （坚决）主张；断言“Our soccer team, ” he asserts, “is the best college team in the whole country. ” 他坚称：“我们的足球队是全国最好的大学足球队。”react vi.beh

25、ave in a particular way or show a particular emotion because of sth. that has happen ed or been said （作出）反应How should you react when your boss makes a complaint about you? 当你的老板抱怨你的时候， 你应该如何反应？My little sister reacted angrily to my explanation for how I lost her earrings. 当我妹妹听我解释完怎么把她的耳环弄丢了之后，她非常生气

26、。apparenteasy to notice 显而易见的；明白的He chose to major in a foreign language in college due to his apparent lack of interest in sciences.由于他对理科显然没有兴趣，他大学时选了一门外语作为专业。publicity n.U the attention that sb. or sth. gets from newspapers, television, etc. （报纸、电视等对某人或某物的）关注，报道The company s co ntinued use of suc

27、h dangerous chemicals has attracted a lot of negativepublicity. 这家公司连续使用如此危险的化学物品招来了很多负面报道。crush n.sing. a crowd of people pressed so close together that it is difficult for them to move 拥挤的人群The crush of 500 listeners waited patie ntly for the speaker to give the answer. 挤成一团的 500 名听众耐心地等待着发言者给出答案。

28、vt.press sth. so hard that it breaks or is damaged 压碎；压坏；压扁Dont crush this box; there are flowers inside. 别把这个盒子压坏了，里面有花。gear n.1U the special clothes and equipment that you use fo r a particular activity 服装；用具；装备Look at that trendy couple in all the latest gear! 瞧这对时髦的夫妇，全身上下都是最新款的服饰！ Now that you

29、have put all your fishing gear into the car, you should take off and have a great time.既然你把所有的钓鱼工具都放到车里了，你也该出发去好好享受一番了。2C, U the ma chinery in a vehicle such as a car, truck, or bicycle that you use to go comfortably at different speeds 排挡；挡位You can press this button to change gear when you need to

30、slow down at the yellow light. 看到黄灯需要减速时，你可以按这个按钮来换挡位。style n.C the individual way that sb. behaves and does things （个人的）行为方式，风格，作风I really like his teaching style. 我真的很喜欢他的教学风格。shuffle vi.walk very slowly and noisily, without lifting your feet off the ground 拖着脚步走With sore legs he shuffled over to

31、the bathroom. 他腿痛，拖着步子走向浴室。comm entator n.C sb. on television or radio who describes an event as it is happening 实况解说员；实况播音员The commentator was surprised at the great interest among the public in the competition. 这 位 解说员为这场竞赛引起公众如此之大的兴趣而感到吃惊。alike ad.used to emphasize that you mean both the people,

32、groups, or things that you have just mentioned两样都（用于强调刚提及的两者）The new technology lowered costs for factories and buyers alike. 新技术降低了工厂和购买者双方的成本。(not before noun) very similar 相同的；相像的The two brothers are very much alike, not only in appearance but also in thinking. 这两兄弟很相像，不仅长相差不多，而且思维方式也相似。welfaren. U1the health