word完整版人教版八年级英语下册重点短语句型及语法精华全面.docx

1、word完整版人教版八年级英语下册重点短语句型及语法精华全面八年级下册英语短语、句型及语法Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest

2、躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着走22. on the side of the road

3、 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without th inking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one s surprise 使. 京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于 29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤36. p

4、ut a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此 以至于48. be in

5、 control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃二、重点句型1. What s the matter? What s the matter with you?= Whats the trouble with you?= What s wrong with you? 你怎么了？2. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？Should I take my te

6、mperature?我应该量一下体温吗？主语+ should/shouldnt + 动词原形. .You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldn t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。5. She said that the man

7、 had a heart problem and should go to the hospital三、语法点（一）、询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达：Whatsthematter(withsb)?（某人）怎么了？Whatswrong(withsb)?（某人）怎么了？Whatsthetrouble(withsb)?（某人）出什么事了？Whathappened(tosb)?（某人）发生了什么事？AreyouOK?你没事吧？Isthereanythingwrongwithsb.？某人有什么事吗？(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，

8、可用以下结构：某人+have/has+病症Thetwinshavecolds双胞胎感冒了。Sb.+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.Shehadastomachachelastnight她昨晚肚子痛。某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位Hehasasorethroat他喉咙痛。某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词Hehurthisleg.他的腿受伤了。某部位+hurt(s).Myheadhurtsbadly我头痛得厉害。某人+have/has+apain+inones+身体部位，Ihaveapai

9、ninmychest我胸口痛。(Thereis)somethingwrongwithones+身体部位Thereissomethingwrongwithmyrighteye我的右眼有毛病。其他表达方式Shehasahearttrouble她有心脏病。Hegothitonthehead他头部受到了撞击。Shecutherfinger她割破手指了。二情态动词should的用法1Should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldnt，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。Youshoulddrinkhotwaterwithhoney你应该喝加有

10、蜂蜜的开水。Heshouldputhisheadback他应该把头后仰。Weshouldtryourbesttohelphim.我们应当尽力去帮助他。YoushouldntwatchTV.你不应该看电视。2Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?我应当给它敷上药吗？Shouldwetellheraboutit?我们应该告诉她这件事吗？【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有：Wouldyoulike(todo)sth？你想要愿意（做）某事吗？Wouldyouliketoplaybasketba

11、llwithme?你想要和我一起打篮球吗？ShallI/wedosth?我我们做好吗？Shallwegotothezootomorrow?明天我们去动物园，好吗？Whynotdosth?为什么不呢？Whynotjoinus?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？How/Whataboutdoingsth?做某事怎么样？Howaboutgoingswimming?去游泳怎么样？Letsdosth让我们做吧。Letsgohome咱们回家吧。Youdbetter(not)dosth你最好（不）要做某事。Youdbetternotgotherealone你最好不要独自去那儿。Unit 2 I ll help t

12、o clean up the city parks.一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old peoples home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经 过去_5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在.岁时 8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划13. ma

13、ke some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为工作；为. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给 18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐 22. take after 与.相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与相似 26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people

14、残疾人 28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. be able to 能够 30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4.

15、 Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. you can see in th e ir eyes that they re going on a different journey w ith each new book.从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summ

16、er.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。三、语法点动词不定式 A. 作主语为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。 常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to

17、do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth. B. 作宾语动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare常接动词不定式作宾语。 C. 作（后置）定语常用于“have/hassth.to do”或“enough名to do”“Its time to do sth.”等结构中。 D. 作宾语补足语tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成 tell/ask/want /cal

18、l/invite sb. to do sth.结构。 【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to：“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)”。 E. 动词不定式作状语 主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “为了，目的是”。常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。 F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用

19、法 常见的形式有： had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?重点短语 go out for dinner 出去吃饭 stay out late 在外面待到很晚go to the movies 去看电影 get a ride 搭车work on 从事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事clean and tid y 干净整洁 do the di

20、shes 洗餐具take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 fold your/the clothes 叠衣服sweep the floor 扫地 make your/the bed 整理床铺clean the livng room 打扫客厅 no problem 没问题welcome sb. 欢迎某人 come home fro m school/ work放学/下班回家throw down 扔下 sit down 坐下come over 过来 take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步all the time 一直;总是 all day/evening 整曰/夜do hou

21、sew ork 做家务 shout back 大声回应walk away 走开 .share the housework 分担家务a com fortable home 一个舒适的家 in surprise 惊讶地get som ething to drin k 拿点喝的东西 watch one show 观看一个节目hang out 闲逛 pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 get sth. wet 使某物弄湿 hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事 do chores 做杂务help sb. (to ) d o /with sth帮助某

22、人干某事bring a tent带顶帐篷来 buy some snacks买些小吃go to the store去商店 invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 enough stress足够的压力awaste of time浪费时间 in order to为了get good grades取得好成绩 mind doing sth. 介意做某事depend on依赖;依靠 look after/take care of 照顾；照看develop children s independence发展孩子的独立性do one s par

23、t in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事二、重点句型1. Could you please.do sth. ?Could you please clean your room?你能整理一下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。3. Could I+ do sth. ?Could I use your computer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗？4. She won t be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话,她会不高兴的。5. For one week, she did not do any ho

24、usework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做杂务。三、语法点 Could you please.?句型 （1）请求别人时通常用此句型，也可以说：Can you.please?情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求，在意思上无区别，但是用could在于其上显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。

25、在日常生活中常使用could you/I.?若在句末加上please，则显得更礼貌。 Could you help me find my book,please?你能帮我找到我的书吗？ （2）对could you/I.?的问句作出肯定回答，常用“sure/certainly/of course”等；如果作否定回答，常用“sorry或oh,please dont”。 一般不用no开头，用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。 （3）表示请求的句式： Would you like to do.? Would you mind doing.? Lets do. Shall I/we do.? Please do

26、.(祈使句前加please) 提示：could you please.与could I Please.两种问句，前者是请求别人帮忙的句式，后者是有礼貌地向别人请求允许的交际用语。试比较： Could you please help me?请你帮我一下好吗？ Could I please invite my friends to my birthday party,Mom? 妈妈， 我能邀请我的朋友参加我的生日聚会吗？Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、重点短语 1. have free time有空闲时间 2. allow sb. to do

27、sth. 允许某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 4. after-school classes课外活动课5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架6. until midnight直到半夜7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 8. too many太多9. study too much学得过多 10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠11. write sb. a letter给某人写信 12. call sb. up打电话给某人13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶 14. look through翻看15.

28、 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 16. a big deal重要的事17. work out成功地发展;解决 18. get on with和睦相处19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架 20. hang over笼罩21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事23. so that以便 24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事25. all the time一直 26. in future今后27. make sb. angry使某人生气 28. worry about sth.

29、 担心某事29. copy one s homework抄袭某人的作业30. be oneself做自己31. family members 32. spend time alone独自消磨时光33. give sb. pressure给某人施压 34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争 36. free time activities业余活动37. get better grades取得更好的成绩 38. give one s opinion提出某人的观点39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧 40.

30、practice sports体育训练41. cause stress造成压力 42. cut out删除二、重点句型1. I studied until mid night last night so I did nt get enough sleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。2. Why don t you forge t about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢？3. Although she s wrong , i t s not a big deal.虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say h es sorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。5. May be you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。6. I guess I could, but I dont want to surprise him.我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。 三、语法点 1.提建议向别人发出邀请，请求，建议，或征求某人的意见的其他表达方式：How /what about doing sth.?（about是个介词，可跟名词