职称英语考试综合新增答案译文.docx

1、职称英语考试综合新增答案译文2015年职称英语考试综合新增（答案及译文）1、综合C阅读判断新增文章第三篇 Across the DesertsThe Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. It stretches across Africa from Senegal to Egypt. The Sahara Desert is an unfriendly environment. During the day its very hot, and at night its sometimes very cold. It is also

2、 difficult to find water in the Sahara.In 2006, Kevin Lin, Ray Zahab, and Charlie Engle decided to do something very difficult. They made the decision to run across the Sahara Desert 4,300 miles (6,920km). It seemed impossible to do, but they wanted to try. The three men liked to test themselves, an

3、d this would be a very big test.On the morning of November 2, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie started their trip across the Sahara. Every morning they began running at 5:00. At11 a.m. they stopped and rested until 5 p.m. Then they ran again until 9:30 in the evening. Each day they ran about 40 miles (64 km)

4、. Every day it was the same thing. They got up and ran. They listened to music on their iPods, and they ran and ran.Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed to eat a lot of food during their trip. Most people need about 2,000 calories of food each day. Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed between 6,000 and 9,000 ca

5、lories every day. Thats a lot of food! They also needed to drink a lot of water.The three men had some problems on their trip, and many times they wanted to quit and go home. It was often very hot (140F/60C) during the day, and the heat made them sick. Their legs and feet hurt. Sometimes it was very

6、 windy, and they couldnt see. One time they got lost. But they didnt quit. After 111 days, Kevin, Ray; and Charlie successfully finished their trip across the Sahara Desert. They hugged each other and put their hands in the water of the Red Sea. Then they ran to a hotel to take a long shower.词汇：stre

7、tch v. 延伸，伸展calorie n. 卡(路里)，小卡，大卡quit v. 停止，放注释：1. . made the decision to run across .：.决正跑步横跨.练习：1. Its not always hot m the Sahara Desert.A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned2. Each day the men ran for approximately eight hours.A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned3. In the middle of the day: the men usually

8、stopped running.A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned4. They sometimes felt sick because it was so hot.A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned5. Sometimes they couldnt see the road because it was windy.A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned6. Luckily, they never got lost.A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned7. On their trip acros

9、s the desert: the three men ran through five countries.A. Right B. Wrong C. mentioned答案与题解：1. A文中提到撒哈拉沙漠白天很热晚上有时很冷，所以不是总是很热。题干表述正确。2. B文中提到三人每天从早上5点开始跑一直到上午11点，又从下午5点开始跑到晚上9点半，所以总共跑10.5个小时。题干表述不正确。3. A文中讲到三人上午11点停下来休息一直到下午5点再继续跑，所以在一天的中午，他们停止跑步。题干表述正确。4. A原文中讲到高温使他们生病。所以题干表述正确。5. A文中提到有时刮起大风导致他们什么也看

10、不到，所以他们会因为起风而看不到路。题干表述正确。6. B文中最后一段讲到他们有一次迷路了，所以不是从来没有迷路。题干表述不正确。7. C文中只提到他们挎越沙漠的长度，并没有提到穿过几个国家。所以，题干表述文中没有提到。参考译文：穿越沙漠撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。它从塞内加尔到埃及横跨非洲。撒哈拉沙漠的环境不好。白天非常热，晚上有时又很冷。在撒哈拉沙漠中很难找到水。2006年，KevinLin,RayZahab和Charlie决定做些困难的事情。他们决定跑步穿越4300英里（6920千米）的撒哈拉沙漠。这似乎是不可能完成的，但是他们还想尝试一下。他们三人喜欢挑战自己，而这将是一个很大的挑战

11、式11月2日的早晨，Kevin,Ray和Charlie开始了他们跑步穿越撒哈拉的旅程。他们每天早晨5点开始跑，到上午11点停下来休息，然后到下午5点继续跑，一直跑到下午9点半。他们每天大概跑40英里（64千米）。每天如此，起床，跑步。听着iPod里的音乐不休停地跑。在旅途中，Kevin,Ray和Charlie需要吃很多事物。大多数的人每天需要2000卡路里的热量，而他们三人每天需要60009000卡路里。那真是很多食物！他们每天也需要喝大量的水。三人在途中也出现了很多问题，很多次他们都想放弃回家。白天通常很热（140华氏度60摄氏度），高温导致他们生病，他们的腿和脚都受了伤。有时候天刮起了大风

12、导致他们什么也看不见。有一次他们迷了路，但是他们没有放弃。111天以后，Kevin,Ray和Charlie成功完成了他们穿越撒哈拉沙漠的旅途。他们彼此拥抱，把手伸进红海的海水里，然后他们跑进旅馆好好洗了个澡。2、综合C阅读理解新增文章第六篇 Native American PotteryThere are several American Indian groups in the Southwest that still make beautiful pottery. Someof this pottery may be sold at fairly high prices. But the

13、makers consider their work as more than a commercial enterprise. By using methods handed downfor generations, the potters express their pride in their cultural inheritance.Some of the most interesting pottery is made by the Pueblo Indians. There are 21 individual pueblos in Arizona and New Mexico. S

14、everal are famous for their craftsmanship.To make a pot, these potters use a clay base and add long thin coils of clay toit in a spiral pattern. When they have reached the size they want, they use an implement such as a rock or shell to smooth the surfaces of the pot.How a pot is decorated and fired

15、 depends on the traditions of the group making it. Traditional pottery produced by the Acoma, who have lived for centuries on a high mesa in NewMexico, is first painted with a clay slip. The resulting pots: which are prizedfor their delicacy and strength, may be left white. They may also be painted

16、with black and white patterns or with a combination of black, orange, and brown.Very distinctive black pottery comes from the San Ildefonso and Santa Clara pueblos. The black coloris the result of carbon being released from the animal manure in which the potis fired. Some artisans hand rub this ware

17、 to a shiny gloss. Others cut patterns into it: resulting in a part shiny: part fiat surface. Potters at SailIldefonso make many types of wares. Potters at Santa Clara are especially known for wedding jars-jars with two necks connected by a handle.Other groups such as the Hopi and the Cochiti also m

18、ake pottery. Each group uses distinctive methods and produces distinctive forms and designs.词汇：pottery n. 陶器distinctive adj. 特别的，有特色的enterprise n. 事业，产业，实业inheritance n. 遗产manure n. 肥料，粪肥craftsmanship n. 手艺artisan n. 精美，精致注释：1. handed down for generations 世代相传2.hand-rub this ware to a shiny gloss 亲手

19、揉搓罐子表面，使它光泽平滑练习：1.In the first paragraph the word “commercial” means_.A.having to do with advertising products on TVB.having to do with advertising products on TVC.large- scaleD.artistic2.The second paragraph in the passage is developed mainly through_.A.steps in a processB.description of objectsC.t

20、he telling of a storyD.examples3.The Sail Ildefonso pueblo is known for_.A.black potteryB.wedding jarsC.thin and delicate shapesD.black, brown, and orange pots4.Traditional methods of making pottery_.A.are rarely used anymoreB.take a lot of timeC.are not of interest to pottery collectorsD.will soon

21、be complete replaced5.Another good title for this passage would be_.A.How to Make a PotB.Living on a High MesaC.The Indians of Arizona and New MexicoD.An Old Art Still Practiced答案与题解：1. B 前文提到一些陶器会以高价卖出，可以推测commercial在这里的意思是买卖交易。所以，答案是选项B。2. A 第二段主要讲制作一个罐子的步骤，不是在对罐子的形态进行描述，也没有讲具体的例子或者故事。所以，答案是选项A。3.

22、 A 第四段第一句话提到具有特色的黑色陶器是有圣伊尔德丰索部落的普韦布洛人制作的，最后一句提到圣克拉拉部落的陶器尤其以他的婚礼罐子闻名，选项C、D与题干无关，所以答案是选项A。4. B 根据文中制作的陶器的过程可以推测出制作陶器的过程很复杂因而费时，选项A、C、D文中均有提及，故可排除。5. D 本文主要介绍了美国本土一些印第安部落的陶器特点及制作过程。选项A过于片面，选项B、C 与文章主旨无关，因此答案是选项D。参考译文：美国本土陶器美国的西南部仍然有许多印第安部落在制作美丽的陶器。其中一些陶器可能会以相当高钓价格卖出。但是制作者考虑到他们的作品不仅用作商业用途。通过采用世代相传的制作方法，

23、陶器展示了它们在文化遗产中的骄傲。有一些最有趣的陶器是普韦布洛印第安人制作的。在亚利桑那州和新墨西哥州有21个独立的普韦布洛印第安部落。他们中有一些部落以擅长工艺而闻名。这些制陶工人使用黏土制作底座，再添加又长又薄的黏土将底座按螺旋状做成罐子。当他们做出他们想要的尺寸时，他们再用一个工具，比如一块石头或贝壳，来把罐子的表面抚平。一个罐子如何装饰和烧制取决于制作它的部落的传统。传统的陶器最早是用泥浆装饰，是由阿科马部落发明的，他们已经在新墨西哥的高平顶山上住了几个世纪了。用传统方法烧制的陶器可能只是白色，但其以精美坚固得到赞誉。它们可以被绘制成黑色或白色，或者是黑色、橙色和褐色的结合。具有特色的

24、黑色陶器是由圣伊尔德丰索部落和圣克拉拉部落的普韦布洛人制作的。黑色是由用于烧制罐子的动物肥料中的碳释放出来形成的。一些工匠用手揉擦罐子表面，使它光泽平滑。其他人将样式分开，使得罐子一半表面光泽，一半表面扁平。圣伊尔德丰索部落制作的陶器有多种类型。圣克拉拉部落的陶器尤其以他的婚礼罐子闻名罐子的两个颈部由一只把手连接。其他部落比如霍皮和柯契地族也制作陶器。每个部落都用独特的方法制做出特别形式和样式的陶器。3、综合C补全短文新增文章第三篇 The Value of TearsTears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give

25、you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy. However,crying is a fact of lifeand tears are veryuseful. (1)These create a film over the eyes surface. This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection.Tears relieve stress,but we tend to fight them for all

26、 sortsof reasons. People worry about showing their emotions. Theyre afraid that once they lose control, theyll never get it back,”explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe. (2) As adults we still fear the consequences of showing emotions.”Almost any emotiongood or bad, happy or sadcan cause tears. Crying i

27、s a way that we release built-up emotions. Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. (3)When some people become very stressed, however, they cant cry. They may be feeling shock,anger, fear, or grief, but they repress the emotion. “Everyone has the need to

28、 cry,” says psychotherapist Vera Diamond. Sometimes in therapy sessions, patients participate in crying exercise (4) Diamond says its best to cry in safe, private places,like under the bed coversor in the car. Thats because many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them. In fact,they

29、 may be repressing their own need to cry.In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. (5) “But once you are safely behind closed doors, dont just cry,” Diamond says, she suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you

30、feel better. “And,” she adds, “once your tears have released thestress, you can begin to think of logical way to deal with the problem.”Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should never be afraid to cry.词汇：make-up n. 化妆(品)psychotherapist n. 心理治疗师runny nose 流鼻涕infection n. 感染，传染release v. 释放b

31、uilt up 组合的，拼合的注释：1. create a film over the eyes surface ：在眼睛的表面形成一层薄膜。2. get it back：恢复3. act out the wholesituation again： 整个场景重现练习：A It may explain why people who areafraid tocry often suffer more heart attacksthan people cry more freely.B Its good to hold backtears during a tense business discussion.C Crying has good effects on the body.D Even when youre not crying, your eyes producetears.E They practice crying s