1、14预科2班英语第一周导学案语音(复习国际音标)课题一:国际音标及元音字母的读音【学习目标】1英语音素读音2音素分类3元音【重点难点】1音素读音和分类2元音【建议学时】2课时【课前预习】 英语音素读音和分类【课堂探究】一英语共有48个国际音标元音共20个,分为单元音和双元音 单元音 前元音 i: i e 中元音 : 后元音 u: u : a:长元音:i: : u: : a:短元音:i u e 双元音 开合双元音 ei ai i u au 集中双元音 i u 辅音共28个: 爆破音 清辅音 p t k 浊辅音 b d g 摩擦音 清辅音 f s h 浊辅音 v z 破擦音 清辅音 t tr ts
2、 浊辅音 d dr dz 鼻音 (浊辅音) m n 舌边音 (浊辅音) l r 半元音 (浊辅音) w j 二音节: 1.单音节词,双音节词,多音节词 2.重读音节:是承担重音的发音突出的音节 非重读音节: 3.开音节:开音节分两种,一种叫绝对开音节,一种叫相对开音节。 绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。例如:no she he we by (以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节。这个元音字母在单词中发它在字母表中的音,即它本身的读音。如:no, he。)公式:辅音+一个元音 相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these
3、bike home excuse like . (在含有一个元音字母的重读音节中,在元音字母后有一个辅音字母(r除外)与一个不发音的字母e,也是开音节。这个元音字母发它本身的音。如:name, fine。 可以用辅+元+辅+e来记住)公式:一个元音+一个或几个辅音+不发音的e。 闭音节:含有一个元音字母,并以辅音字母(r, w除外)结尾的重读音节为闭音节。 公式: 元音+辅音或元音+辅音+辅音【课堂检测】写出下列单词划线部分的音标1. like some to both wide do lady2. busy open orange lesson have wallet 3. past vil
4、lage knife drive milk4. house cover letter box bus air【回扣目标】【课后作业】书后练习课题二:元音字母组合的读音【学习目标】元音字母组合的读音【重点难点】 元音字母组合的读音【建议学时】2课时【课前预习】元音字母组合的读音【课堂探究】元音字母组合发音元音字母组合发音规则元音字母组合位置读音例词例外ar重读a:mark carve article party market March farm hard在W后:warm warn reward war非重读 grammarer重读:service certain serve非重读worker
5、farmer teacher or重读:form important corner horse在W后:work word world worth非重读 mirror doctor forbid forgetur重读:church Thursday nurse turn return 非重读surprise surround murmur ir重读:thirsty dirty first girlaai重读音节eitailor remain grain sail praise raise brain said e非重读音节icaptain certainau:causeaunt a:al:wal
6、k ball all talk half a:alms a:lalways almost already although aw:draw dawn saw airefair affair hair upstairsareedare glare share compare careful area:augh:taught caught daughter naughtylaugha:fay重读音节eidelay play say way todaysays e非重读音节iSunday Monday eeai: repeat leaf lead peace disease cream esweat
7、er thread headache heavy breakfast 特殊eigreat greatly break ireal idea theatreeei:sleep freely weed steel degree eariappear clear near hear dear ear heart a:heard learn earn early searchewear bear swear pear eiireceive seize ceiling ewju:few new newssewu在l,r后u:blew flew threw drew ereethere wherehere
8、 iey重读音节eigrey hey obey key i:非重读音节imonkey donkey eigheiweight eight eightyiiei:piece thief field chief dietaiquietaiailie tie dieireaiwire inspire hire tire ighairight fight night high bright light ooauloaf road soap coat boat broad: abroad:oiivoice noise point choice oyitoy boy joy joyfuloo在其他字母前u
9、:roof choose school shoot woolufootu在k,d 前utook look cook stood wood good foodu:flood blood oor:floor door pooruouaupound rouse mountain trousers ground thousand shoulderusoulucouple cousin double country touch trouble u:route group routine soupucould should would ough:fought bought brought thought
10、thoughuplough aucough fthroughu:thoroughenough fowaudown brown flower knowledgeubowl sow window row owner low show throw growuure重读音节usure surely 非重读音节:pleasure 【课堂检测】1. 写出下列单词划线部分的音标1. ball, half, taught, drawn, aim, may, chair2. lead, idea, need, seize, people, They, new, dear, heart3. piece, quit
11、e, diary, lion, light, sign4.noon, look, shout, touch,【回扣目标】【课后作业】书后练习课题三:辅音字母及字母组合的读音【学习目标】辅音字母的读音【重点难点】 辅音字母的读音【建议学时】2课时【课前预习】辅音字母的读音【课堂探究】一辅音字母的发音辅音字母发音规则辅音字母位置读音例词例外b在m后或在t之前不发音tomb climb doubt其他情况bbed bob big c在 e, i, y前scity decide bicycle concert rice 在ia,ie,io 前social especial ancient 在a,o,u
12、,l 前在音节末kcave color class cause capital castg在其他字母前ggift girl goal glad glassget ggarage在e,i,y 前dlarge general orange page 在以n结尾的词中不发音sign foreignh一般情况hhold heat hide hate huge 在个别词中不发音honest hour honor foreheadk一般情况kwalk key kite在n前不发音knows词首ssend save 在元音字母和元音字母之间zvisit desire music base s在词中清辅音前s
13、past在词中浊辅音前zhusband salesgirl在元音字母u,i前sure sugar Russia Asia 在u,ion前pleasure usually television n在其他字母前ncorner nine nice line 在字母k,x,g前anxious think thank finger bank strange nx在其他字母前ksexcept exhibition extract text 在元音字母前gzexam example exist exactly二辅音字母组合的发音辅音字母组合发音规则th / thankmouth / this that wi
14、thtr /tr/ tree train truckdr /dr/ dress driversh / shirt wash short English ,fish, she social expression ch /t/ child chair catch ,watch, chain, chicken peach/ k / school charismas stomach chemistrytw /tw/ two twin twentywh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whomts /ts/ jacketskitesds /dz/ birdsfrie
15、nds ph /f/ photo gh /f/ enoughng / sing thingng_ /g/ language Englishnk/nc /k/ uncle thankqu /kw/ quite question_gu_ /gw/ languagege /d/ age message / / rouge garage tion /n / attention station nation/ tn / question suggestionsion / n / decision vision/n / expressionsure / / measure pleasureture /t/
16、 picture mixture【回扣目标】【课后作业】书后练习课题四:语法词尾的读音【学习目标】语法词尾的读音【重点难点】语法词尾的读音【建议学时】2课时【课前预习】语法词尾的读音【课堂探究】语法词尾的发音1. 名词所有格词尾-s三种音 /s/ 在清辅音后 /z/ 在浊辅音和元音后面 /iz/在/s/ /z/ /tf/ /d3/ /f/ /3/ 后2. 名词复数词尾-(e)s 三种音 /s/ 在清辅音后 /z/ 在浊辅音和元音后面 /iz/在/s/ /z/ /tf/ /d3/ /f/ /3/ 后3. 动词单数第三人称词尾 三种音 /s/ 在清辅音后 /z/ 在浊辅音和元音后面 /iz/在/s
17、/ /z/ /tf/ /d3/ /f/ /3/ 后4. ed结尾/t/ 清辅音后 /d/ 浊辅音和元音后面 /id/ 以t,d结尾的ed【课堂检测】1. necks roofs cows aunts2. bosss judges nurses auntys3. articles offices churches colleges4. heroes Negroes potatoes oranges5. waves watches washes wishes6. shoes goes does noses7. gives changes praises touches8. rises drives tries cries9. liked helped stopped stored10. smoked wiped liked hated 【回扣目标】【课后作业】书后练习
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