北师大高二英语Unit 17重点词汇.docx

1、北师大高二英语Unit 17重点词汇北师大高二英语Unit 17重点词汇一、重点单词：1、respond回答、响应； 短语： respond to响应、答复；respond with报以、以表示回答；respond by以方式反应；respond by walking out以走开作为答复；respond to the call响应号召；respond to the call of the country响应国家的号召；respond to the change反映出变化；respond to kindness感恩；respond to a letter回信；respond to treatm

2、ent对治疗有反应；respond with a kick回踢一脚；用法：respond可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语。respond可以引出直接引语。respond作不及物动词，表示“回答，响应”，后一般接to。如： The lecturer kindly responded to my question.respond主要用于“良好的”反应,如用于“不好的”反应,则句中须加表示否定意义的词。配套练习：No response was _ rapidly _ our demands for the equipment which was most nee

3、ded. A. gave; to B. made; to C. offered; for D. given; forAlthough a large amount of good medicine _ used on the patient, he still had no rapid response _ the treatment. A. had; to B. had been; for C. was; to D. has been; forI offered to help him, but he didnt _. Which is wrong? A. answer B. reply C

4、. respond D. sayHe has decided to retire and hand over the heavy load of _ to you. A. respond B. respect C. responsibility D. responsibleHow did Jack _ to your suggestion? A. look B. respond C. act D. reduce 2、delay 推迟、耽搁。短语：no delay刻不容缓；delay (in) doing something迟迟末做某事(也可接不定式)；after several delays几

5、经耽搁；owing to postal delays由于邮递的耽搁；without delay不延迟地,立即；without the least delay毫不延迟地；delay in delivery延期交货；delay in payment延期支付；delay of two hours两小时的拖延；delay for some time推迟一段时间；delay until在前交货；用法：delay可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不接动词不定式作宾语。接表人的名词或代词作宾语时,一般译为“使某人误事”或“使某人慢下来”; 接表事事物的名词或代词

6、作宾语时,通常译为“推迟耽搁做某事”。delay的意思为“推迟”，“延期”，相当于put off，其后通常接名词，动名词作宾语，一般很少接不定式。如：I have to delay answering his question.delayin解释为“把某事耽搁”，其后一般接动名词，不接不定式或者of加动名词。如：Excuse me for my delay in answering your question.请原谅我耽搁了回答你的问题。delay指“耽搁,延迟”这一行为或情况本身时,是不可数名词; 表示具体的“被耽搁推迟的事件或时间”时,是可数名词。delay在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。常

7、与“in+ v -ing”连用。比较： delay常表示由于外界原因而推延，也表示有意推延。如：The train was delayed three hours because of the heavy snow. put off指有安排的推延，常说明推延到什么时候。如：The meeting was put off.配套练习：The government is accused of using _ tactics(战术). A. delay B. delaying C. delayed D. being delayedExcuse me for my _ your letter. A. d

8、elay answering B. delaying to answer C. delay in answering D. delaying in answeringWe had a terrible holiday; all the five days were completely _ by the weather. A. delayed B. revived C. ruined D. reversedJohn was late for the business meeting because his flight had been _ by a heavy storm. A. kept

9、B. stopped C. slowed D. delayedAs there was an accident on the road, the bus _ for an hour. A. delayed B. is delayed C. was delayed D. will delay3、acknowledge (vt)承认、答谢、告知收到（信件、礼物等）；短语：It is universally (generally) acknowledged that 是大家所公认的；acknowledge (receipt of/ the receipt of) sbs letter向某人表示来信已

10、收到；acknowledge doing sth承认做了某事； in acknowledgement/ acknowledge of sth对某事表示感谢；acknowledge sth. 承认某事; acknowledge that . 承认; acknowledge sth./sb. to be/as承认某事/某人是; acknowledge help 对帮助表示感谢;acknowledge as承认是；acknowledge sth to sb向某人承认；acknowledge sb with a smile笑一笑向某人打招呼；用法：acknowledge通常以人或国家、政府等作主语。a

11、cknowledge是及物动词,既可接名词、动名词、that从句作宾语,也可接以“(to be)+ n./adj./v -ed”acknowledge后接复合宾语时，宾语补足语为as引出的短语或不定式短语。如：I acknowledge myself (as) beaten./ He gladly acknowledge himself to be in the wrong.配套练习：I would be grateful if you would _ receipt of this letter. A. admit B. acknowledge C. accept D. informHe w

12、as given a gold watch _ his work for the company. A. in acknowledgement of B. in acknowledge of C. acknowledge of D. A and BHis long service with the company was _ with a present. A. admitted B. acknowledged C. attributed D. acceptedThey refused to acknowledge _. A. defeat B. that they were defeated

13、 C. defeated D. A and B4、face 脸、面孔、面对。短语：face to face 面对面地（作状语）；face-to-face 面对面的（作定语）；face to face with 遇上；make a face (at somebody) 做鬼脸；with a smile on ones face 面带笑容地；lose ones face 失掉面子；hit somebody in the face 打某人的脸；look somebody in the face = look in somebodys face瞅着某人的脸；in ones face 当面；in (th

14、e) face of 面对着、纵然、即使；on the face of 从的外表判断起来；have the face to do something 居然有脸做某事；to ones face 当着面；She is a good judge of faces她善于根据面部表情来判断人的性格；face somebody/ something 面对某人（物）；face on/ onto/ to/ toward/ up to 朝着某处、面临某种形势；face (to the) south 朝南；be faced with difficulty/ by a most impressive scene 面

15、临着困难、展现出一幅非常令人难忘的景色；face up to面对、承担；face the music接受（不愉快的后果或情况）、应受惩罚；用法：face作“面子”“过分自信”解时,为抽象名词,不可数。face既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,用作及物动词时,后面可接人或表示困难、形势、问题等的抽象名词或动名词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时,多用来指房屋的朝向。比较：face 面孔，表示“在脸上”多用on。如： She has a very beautiful face. look 脸色、神气、外表，复数指面容。如：Never judge a man by his looks. appearan

16、ce外表、外貌，用单数时着重指人，往往包括衣着。如：His wife is ordinary in appearance.配套练习：The boy was caught cheating in the exam and he had to _. A. face music B. play the music C. face the music D. listen to music_ such a difficult problem, he didnt know what to do. A. Faced B. Facing C. Faced to D. Facing withMr Smith l

17、ives in a _ flat. A. faced south B. south faced C. south-facing D. facing southThe house is clean and bright, with a large window _. A. facing south B. facing the south C. facing to south D. faces southThe reporter wanted to fix _. A. a face to face interview B. a face-to-face interview C. an face t

18、o face interview D. an face-to-face interview5、astonish 使惊讶、使惊骇; astonished 感到惊讶的; astonishing 惊人的；短语：look astonished at what he said 对他所说的话似乎感到惊讶；be astonished to see something 见到什么感到惊讶；be astonished at/ by something 对某事感到惊讶；something astonish somebody某事使某人感到惊讶；It astonished us to hear that 听说使我们十分

19、惊讶；to somebodys astonishment = to the astonishment of somebody 使某人惊奇的是；It astonished us to hear that you had not received our letter.用法：astonish作“使某人惊讶”解时,用陈述式,主语可为表示人、行为、特性、事件的名词。当以人作主语时, astonish须搭用by或with引起的短语表示导致惊讶的原因; astonish作“某人对某事物感到惊讶”解时,用被动式或系表结构,这时astonish多搭用由atby引起的短语或不定式短语,也可搭用that引起的从句

20、。astonish的过去分词astonished在句中常用作形容词,意思是“感到惊讶的”,表示对突然发生或遇到的事情做出异乎寻常的反应,在句中可用作定语或表语; 而astonish的现在分词astonishing在句中用作形容词时多用作定语,偶尔也可用作表语。astonish 通常用现在分词或过去分词作表语时，其后跟at 短语，不定式及that 从句，说明原因。如：Its astonishing to me that she should fail the exam. / I was astonished that she didnt come. 配套练习：The girl stared at

21、 the fierce tiger eating a monkey _. A. astonishing B. in astonishment C. astonished D. astonishThe news _ everyone. A. astonish B. astonishing C. astonished D. to astonishI was _ the news of his escape. A. astonishing at B. astonished for C. astonished at D. astonishing forLooking at her _ looks, w

22、e were _. A. astonished; confused B. astonishing; confusing C. astonishment; confused D. astonished; confusing6、convince (vt)说服、使相信、使认识错误；短语：This convinced me of his honesty/ convinced me that he is honest这使我相信他确实是诚实的；He was convinced of his error他认识了错误；convince/ persuade sb to sth/ argue sb into do

23、ing sth/ convince sb to do sth说服某人去做某事；be convinced/ sure/ certain of/ that确信；convince sb. of sth./that 使某人相信；be convinced of sth./that 相信；convince beyond doubt确信无疑；convince by为所折服；用法：convince的基本意思是通过摆事实、讲道理或者出示证据等方法使人确信某一事实,侧重人的理性因素。convince是及物动词,其宾语多为人,而“信服”的内容则可由介词of引出或由that从句充当。convince也可接以动词不定式

24、充当补足语的复合宾语,其意思是“劝说，说服”,是美式英语用法。convince后面可以直接接人，如果表达“说服某人某事”可用“convinceof”或“convincethat”的结构。如：We hope to convince him of our sincerity. /We hope to convince him that we are sincere.比较：说服某人做某事：argue/ talk/ persuade sb into doing sth；persuade侧重情感上的劝告；convince着重指理智方面的辩论、劝说, convince sb of sth；配套练习：He

25、couldnt _ his father that John was telling the truth. A. convince B. believe C. ensure D. conceiveHow can I _ her honesty? A. convince you B. convince you for C. convince you of D. be convinced ofWithout a good body, we couldnt achieve anything. So I tried to _ my dad to _ smoking, but I failed. A.

26、persuade; give in B. persuade; give up C. convince; give up D. advise; give upIts useless trying to _ her that she doesnt need to lose any weight. A. believe B. convince C. warn D. ensure7、guarantee保证、确保；短语：stand guarantee for sb替某人作保；guarantee to carry out the Partys tasks保证完成党的各项任务；I guarantee tha

27、t hell go我保证他会去 ；guarantee sb against/ from loss保证某人不受损失；guarantee to do sth.保证做某事 ; guarantee that/sth. . 保证; guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某物; give sb. a guarantee that .向某人保证; 用法：guarantee用作及物动词,后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或由that或疑问词引导的从句作宾语; 也可接双宾语; 还接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。guarantee作名词后接on或 with，表示某种产品的保单；后接 to，表

28、示“对的保证”。如：A six-month guarantee on the TV set for all repairs might be necessary./ a money-back guarantee to those unsatisfied with the products; guarantee作动词，宾语后接against，表示“保证不受”；后接 to，表示“为某人提供的保证”。如： This contract guarantees you against damage by fire or flood./ Perfect satisfaction is guaranteed

29、to our customers. 有时后接双宾语，表示保证某人享有某种权利等。如：This guarantees you the right to use the typewriter. 后接that从句，从句中不含情态动词时，表示“确信”，反之，表示“担保”。如： I can guarantee that you will enjoy yourself./ I guarantee that he shall pay on August 20.配套练习：The watch is still _ guarantee. A. at B. under C. on D. atThis kind of

30、 behaviour is guaranteed _ him angry. A. to make B. making C. made D. have madeThis iron is guaranteed for a year _ faulty workmanship. A. under B. against C. over D. onI _ that youll enjoy yourself. A. sure B. guarantee C. sured D. guaranteedIn the storm, we must _ every family _ loss. A. promise;

31、by B. promise; against C. keep; for D. guarantee; from8、adjust 调节、调整、适应；短语：adjust the error校正误差；adjust(sth.oneself)(to sth.)使适应；适应; adjust.to(使)适应于；adjust to army life适应军队生活；adjust to external changes适应外界的变化；adjust to the new climate适应新的气候条件；adjust to new conditions适应新的环境；adjust to a standard校准；用法：adjust可用作不及物动词,指“调节自身以适应”时,“以适应”的客体由介词短语to引出。如：I soon adjusted to my new work.作“被调整”“被调节”解时可接with短语,表示“用来调整”。adjust用作及物动词时,以反身代词、物或事物作宾语,而以to引起的短语作宾语补足语,表示“调整以适应”。用作宾语的反身代词有时可以省略。如： Animals adjust themselves t