1、英语高中英语情态动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案【英语】高中英语情态动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择情态动词1I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.Awould Bmight Cshould Dmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在我十几岁的时候,我经常感到烦恼,我的奶奶会安慰我说,“生活就是这样,亲爱的”。此处是would+动词原形,表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。2You rang me up a
2、t about 10:00 last night, didnt you?No, I didnt phone you. It someone else.Amust have been Bcould be Cmust be Dcould have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话,是吗?”“不,我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” musthavedone是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”,结合语境可知,我没有打电话给你,因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。3It _ be the postman at t
3、he door. Its only six oclock.Amustnt BcantCwont Dneednt【答案】B【解析】D考查虚拟语气。句意:不可能是邮递员在门口,才六点钟呢。mustnt 禁止,不允许;cant 不可能;wont 不愿意,就是不,偏不;neednt 不需要。4Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry,sirBut it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cashAshall BneedCwill Dcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考察情态动词用法。句意
4、:我能用支票付账吗?对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的管理规定,支付要用现金。shall可以表示命令,警告,强制,或者指规则和法律要求做的事情。本题正是考察了shall表示按照规则和法律要求做的事情。故A正确。5The weather turned out to be fine. I _ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.Ashould have taken Bmust have takenCcouldnt have taken Dneednt have taken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词 + have done。句意:天气转晴了。我
5、本不必费心把伞带在身边。A. should have taken本应该做某事,而实际上没做; B. must have taken对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测;C. couldnt have taken不可能;D. neednt have taken本来不需要,故选D。6I love the weekend, because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.Amustnt BneedntCwouldnt Dshouldnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我喜欢周末,因为周六周日不必早起。A. mustnt不能,禁止;B. need
6、nt不必;C. wouldnt不会;D. shouldnt不应该。此处表示“不必”,故B项正确。7would可以表达过去常常做的事,过去习惯发生的动作:Pirates would bury gold in a cave. 海盗们常常把黄金藏在山洞中。We would take a walk along the river. 我们过去常常沿河散步。3. would后接like、love、mind等动词,表示要求、邀请、希望或询问,此时不是说过去,而是对现在的询问:Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意来我的派对吗?Would you mind coming
7、 with us? 你介意和我们一起吗?比如本题,would 表示婉转的请求,征求对方的意见,故选A。8(2018北京) In todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.Aneed BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意:在今天的信息时代,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况,即“客观可能性”,故该空应用情态动词can。C选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用法。need需要;should应该,竟然;mus
8、t必须,肯定。点睛:can的基本用法:1. (表示能力、功能)能,会;2. (表示推测)可能,可能会;3.(表示允许,请求)可以;4.(表示客观可能性)有时会。9The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould they Bthey shouldCdare they Dthey dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”,否定词放在句首,句子使用部
9、分倒装,排除B、D项;这里表示应该,故选A。10What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have done Bmust have doneCcan have done Dmight have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意:真遗憾啊!考虑到他的能力和经验,他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构,表示对过去行为的怀疑;用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”,表示怀疑;need have done需要做某事,实际上却未做(表示虚拟语气);m
10、ust have done一定做了某事(表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测);might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故D正确。【点睛】本题是高考必考考点,一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。cant have done过去不可能做了某事;shouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做;neednt have done本没有必要做某事;注意没有mustnt have done的形式。11 Mu
11、m, little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter. You see, accidents _happen.Ashall Bshould Cmust Dwill【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:妈妈,小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。没事的,你看,意外总会发生。A. shall将要,会;B. should应当;C. must必须;D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”。故D选项正确。【点睛】will/would是情态动词,其表达的意思如下。(1)表示意志或意愿:决心,愿意,好吗?We will do our bes
12、t to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen. 我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。注:表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时,用Would you? 比用Will you?更婉转。如:Will/Would you please keep the door open? 请让门开着好吗?Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗?(2)表示真理或习惯:惯于,总是。如:Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。She will l
13、isten to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐,一听往往就是几小时。He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。(3)表示要求:一定,必须。如:You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要向我报告。(4)表示猜测:可能,大概。如:This will be the house youre looking for. 这大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表示功能:能。如:This auditorium will/would s
14、eat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人分析句子可知,本句中的will表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”且符合语境。故D选项正确。12he law is equally applied to everyone. No one _ be above it.Ashall BmustCmay Dneed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:法律面前人人平等。没有人能凌驾于法律之上。A. shall用于第二、第三人称,则含有命令、警告、允诺或威胁的语气。B. must(必须,一定)用于肯定句。C. may(可以,能够)表允许时一般不与第三人称连用。D. need (表
15、示没有必要或询问是否有必要) 需要;故选A。13He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashall BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:他是个脾气不好的家伙,但当他希望自己有魅力的时候,他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”,故C项正确。14The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus drive
16、r had kept calm.Ashould have avoided Bshould be avoidedCcould have avoided Dcould have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”,且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测
17、,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱。如:He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could。如:They
18、 may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余。如:I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.(
19、但没有)He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.15Ann said whenever her fa
20、ther was unhappy he _ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.Ashould BcouldCwould Dmight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候,他就会出去买些东西,通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该;B. could能;C. would总是,愿意;D. might可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事,故选C。16Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the
21、UN conference, _ that different cultures _ coexist with tolerance.Athe one ; must Bthe one ; should Cone ; must Done ; should【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查替代和情态动词。句意:大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望,即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望,即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词,通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire,是同位语;结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故
22、选D。【点睛】that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法1.one 指代前面出现的可数名词,是泛指。可以和冠词连用,也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指,但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如: Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf. 2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词,相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候,指的是同名异物,it是指同一物体.如: -Do you want the cup ? -Yes ,I want it. 3.that通常用来代替前面出现的可数名词不可数名词,主要是用来避免重复。如: The weather o
23、f Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.17Lack of sleep _ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.Ashall Bmust Cshould Dcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降,还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将;B. must必须;C. should应该;D. can会,表示理论上或是逻辑判断上,用can,故选D。18-Is Jack still in hospital?-Yes
24、. He _ the bad food.Awouldnt eat Bshouldnt eatCwouldnt have eaten Dshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意;-杰克孩子医院吗?-是,他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物,所以排除AB,这里的shouldnt have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”,wouldnt have done过去本不会做而做了,所以选D。考点:考查情态动词和虚拟语气19 Jim _ what I said annoying though he didnt say anything. So you mean y
25、ou will have to apologize to him?Amust find Bmight find Cshould have found Dmust have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查must have done结构。句意:吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦,尽管他什么也没说。所以你是说你得向他道歉?根据“though he didnt say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测,用must have done表示“过去一定做了”,故D项正确。20Tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like th
26、is!Awouldnt Bmustnt Cneednt Dmay not【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:汤姆,你不要把所有的衣服都这样扔在地板上! A. wouldnt 不会; B. mustnt 禁止;C. neednt不需要;D. may not不可以。本句为祈使句,所以mustnt “禁止”符合句意。故选B项。21What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You _ do anything except to be with them.Adont have to Boughtnt to Cmustnt Dcant【
27、答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:你认为我们能为年迈的父母做些什么?除了和他们在一起,你不必做任何事情。A. dont have to不必;B. oughtnt to不应该;C. mustnt不可以;D. cant不能。根据语境可知,此处表示客观性的必须,dont have toexcept to“除了不必做”。故选A。【点睛】have to表示客观需求时,使用have to的情况要比must多。have to受客观条件或环境迫使而“不得不”做某事,突出客观性。must一般则表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事,含强调语气,侧重主观性。有时候也使用be+不定式表示需要做某事,但语
28、气较弱一些。如:I am to do it, whether I like it or not.must表示客观性的需要时,一般翻译为“总是要(会)”。如:All men must die. 人故有一死。ought to表示必须时,偏责任,推想等。如:You ought to work hard.22Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, _ just be noise to others.Amust Bshould Cmay Dwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲,有时候,对
29、别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定,表示肯定推测;B. should应该;C. may也许,可能;D. would将会,表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知,此处应该表示可能的推测,“美丽的歌曲,有时候,对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项,故选C。23Skills like critical thinking and analysis _ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.Acant Bneednt Cmustnt Dshouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词
30、词义辨析。句意:像批判性思维和分析这样的能力,是不能在互联网上找到的,因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. cant无法,不可能;B. neednt不需要;C. mustnt不可以,禁止;D. shouldnt不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙混杂的网上信息获得,表达的是客观上的不可能,故选A。24Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.Amust Bcan Cshall Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险,尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须;一定;B. can能够;可能;C. shall将会;D. should应该;应当。本句中can表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力),故选B。25- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.-Thanks. You _ it. I could man
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